1
|
Garrigós M, Garrido M, Morales-Yuste M, Martínez-de la Puente J, Veiga J. Survival effects of antibiotic exposure during the larval and adult stages in the West Nile virus vector Culex pipiens. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:542-550. [PMID: 37559499 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability of mosquitoes to transmit a pathogen is affected, among other factors, by their survival rate, which is partly modulated by their microbiota. Mosquito microbiota is acquired during the larval phase and modified during their development and adult feeding behavior, being highly dependent on environmental factors. Pharmaceutical residues including antibiotics are widespread pollutants potentially being present in mosquito breeding waters likely affecting their microbiota. Here, we used Culex pipiens mosquitoes to assess the impact of antibiotic exposure during the larval and adult stages on the survival rate of adult mosquitoes. Wild-collected larvae were randomly assigned to two treatments: larvae maintained in water supplemented with antibiotics and control larvae. Emerged adults were subsequently assigned to each of two treatments, fed with sugar solution with antibiotics and fed only with sugar solution (controls). Larval exposure to antibiotics significantly increased the survival rate of adult females that received a control diet. In addition, the effect of adult exposure to antibiotics on the survival rate of both male and female mosquitoes depended on the number of days that larvae fed ad libitum in the laboratory before emergence. In particular, shorter larval ad libitum feeding periods reduced the survival rate of antibiotic-treated adult mosquitoes compared with those that emerged after a longer larval feeding period. These differences were not found in control adult mosquitoes. Our results extend the current understanding of the impact of antibiotic exposure of mosquitoes on a key component of vectorial capacity, that is the vector survival rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Garrigós
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Garrido
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales-Yuste
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Veiga
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Garrigós M, Veiga J, Garrido M, Marín C, Recuero J, Rosales MJ, Morales-Yuste M, Martínez-de la Puente J. Avian Plasmodium in invasive and native mosquitoes from southern Spain. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:40. [PMID: 38287455 PMCID: PMC10826103 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of diseases of public health concern is enhanced by factors associated with global change, such as the introduction of invasive species. The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), considered a competent vector of different viruses and parasites, has been successfully introduced into Europe in recent decades. Molecular screening of parasites in mosquitoes (i.e. molecular xenomonitoring) is essential to understand the potential role of different native and invasive mosquito species in the local circulation of vector-borne parasites affecting both humans and wildlife. METHODS The presence of avian Plasmodium parasites was molecularly tested in mosquitoes trapped in five localities with different environmental characteristics in southern Spain from May to November 2022. The species analyzed included the native Culex pipiens and Culiseta longiareolata and the invasive Ae. albopictus. RESULTS Avian Plasmodium DNA was only found in Cx. pipiens with 31 positive out of 165 mosquito pools tested. None of the Ae. albopictus or Cs. longiareolata pools were positive for avian malaria parasites. Overall, eight Plasmodium lineages were identified, including a new lineage described here. No significant differences in parasite prevalence were found between localities or sampling sessions. CONCLUSIONS Unlike the invasive Ae. albopictus, Cx. pipiens plays a key role in the transmission of avian Plasmodium in southern Spain. However, due to the recent establishment of Ae. albopictus in the area, further research on the role of this species in the local transmission of vector-borne pathogens with different reservoirs is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Garrigós
- Doñana Biological Station, EBD-CSIC, Seville, Spain.
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús Veiga
- Doñana Biological Station, EBD-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Garrido
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Clotilde Marín
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Recuero
- Veterinary and Conservation Department, Bioparc Fuengirola, Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Doñana Biological Station, EBD-CSIC, Seville, Spain.
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Garrigós M, Garrido M, Panisse G, Veiga J, Martínez-de la Puente J. Interactions between West Nile Virus and the Microbiota of Culex pipiens Vectors: A Literature Review. Pathogens 2023; 12:1287. [PMID: 38003752 PMCID: PMC10675824 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) naturally circulates between mosquitoes and birds, potentially affecting humans and horses. Different species of mosquitoes play a role as vectors of WNV, with those of the Culex pipiens complex being particularly crucial for its circulation. Different biotic and abiotic factors determine the capacity of mosquitoes for pathogen transmission, with the mosquito gut microbiota being recognized as an important one. Here, we review the published studies on the interactions between the microbiota of the Culex pipiens complex and WNV infections in mosquitoes. Most articles published so far studied the interactions between bacteria of the genus Wolbachia and WNV infections, obtaining variable results regarding the directionality of this relationship. In contrast, only a few studies investigate the role of the whole microbiome or other bacterial taxa in WNV infections. These studies suggest that bacteria of the genera Serratia and Enterobacter may enhance WNV development. Thus, due to the relevance of WNV in human and animal health and the important role of mosquitoes of the Cx. pipiens complex in its transmission, more research is needed to unravel the role of mosquito microbiota and those factors affecting this microbiota on pathogen epidemiology. In this respect, we finally propose future lines of research lines on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Garrigós
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.G.); (J.V.); (J.M.-d.l.P.)
| | - Mario Garrido
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.G.); (J.V.); (J.M.-d.l.P.)
| | - Guillermo Panisse
- CEPAVE—Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CONICET-UNLP, La Plata 1900, Argentina;
| | - Jesús Veiga
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.G.); (J.V.); (J.M.-d.l.P.)
| | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.G.); (J.V.); (J.M.-d.l.P.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
An Overview on the Impact of Microbiota on Malaria Transmission and Severity: Plasmodium-Vector-Host Axis. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:1471-1486. [PMID: 36264525 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malaria, which is a vector-borne disease caused by Plasmodium sp., continue to become a serious threat, causing more than 600,000 deaths annually, especially in developing countries. Due to the lack of a long-term, and effective vaccine, and an increasing resistance to antimalarials, new strategies are needed for prevention and treatment of malaria. Recently, the impact of microbiota on development and transmission of Plasmodium, and the severity of malaria has only begun to emerge, although its contribution to homeostasis and a wide variety of disorders is well-understood. Further evidence has shown that microbiota of both mosquito and human host play important roles in transmission, progression, and clearance of Plasmodium infection. Furthermore, Plasmodium can cause significant alterations in the host and mosquito gut microbiota, affecting the clinical outcome of malaria. METHODOLOGY In this review, we attempt to summarize results from published studies on the influence of the host microbiota on the outcome of Plasmodium infections in both arthropods and mammalian hosts. CONCLUSION Modifications of microbiota may be an important potential strategy in blocking Plasmodium transmission in vectors and in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of malaria in humans in the future.
Collapse
|
5
|
dos Santos NAC, Magi FN, Andrade AO, Bastos ADS, Pereira SDS, Medeiros JF, Araujo MDS. Assessment of antibiotic treatment on Anopheles darlingi survival and susceptibility to Plasmodium vivax. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:971083. [PMID: 36274692 PMCID: PMC9583876 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.971083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic treatment has been used to enhance anopheline susceptibility to Plasmodium infection, because bacterial microbiota play a fundamental role in modulating the vector competence of mosquitoes that transmit Plasmodium parasites. However, few studies have examined the impact of antibiotic treatments on Plasmodium vivax sporogonic development in neotropical anopheline mosquitoes. Herein, we assessed the impact of antibiotic treatment on P. vivax development and survival in Anopheles darlingi, the main vector of malaria in the Amazon region. Female mosquitoes were treated continuously with antibiotics to impact the gut bacterial load and then tested for prevalence, infection intensity, and survival in comparison with untreated mosquitoes. Antibiotic-fed mosquitoes had not dramatic impact on P. vivax development previously observed in P. falciparum. However, antibiotic treatment increases mosquito survival, which is known to increase vectorial capacity. These findings raise questions about the effect of antibiotics on P. vivax development and survival in An. darlingi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najara Akira Costa dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Experimental Biology, Federal University of Rondonia/Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Platform of Production and Infection of Malaria Vectors (PIVEM), Laboratory of Entomology, Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Felipe Neves Magi
- Platform of Production and Infection of Malaria Vectors (PIVEM), Laboratory of Entomology, Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Alice Oliveira Andrade
- Platform of Production and Infection of Malaria Vectors (PIVEM), Laboratory of Entomology, Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Alessandra da Silva Bastos
- Postgraduate Program in Experimental Biology, Federal University of Rondonia/Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Platform of Production and Infection of Malaria Vectors (PIVEM), Laboratory of Entomology, Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | | | - Jansen Fernandes Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program in Experimental Biology, Federal University of Rondonia/Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Platform of Production and Infection of Malaria Vectors (PIVEM), Laboratory of Entomology, Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Maisa da Silva Araujo
- Platform of Production and Infection of Malaria Vectors (PIVEM), Laboratory of Entomology, Fiocruz Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Maisa da Silva Araujo,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fofana A, Gendrin M, Romoli O, Yarbanga GAB, Ouédraogo GA, Yerbanga RS, Ouédraogo JB. Analyzing gut microbiota composition in individual Anopheles mosquitoes after experimental treatment. iScience 2021; 24:103416. [PMID: 34901787 PMCID: PMC8637483 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota of Anopheles mosquitoes influences malaria transmission. Antibiotics ingested during a blood meal impact the mosquito microbiome and malaria transmission, with substantial differences between drugs. Here, we assessed if amoxicillin affects the gut mosquito microbiota. We collected Anopheles larvae in Burkina Faso, kept them in semi-field conditions, and offered a blood meal to adult females. We tested the impact of blood supplementation with two alternative amoxicillin preparations on microbiota composition, determined by high-throughput sequencing in individual gut samples. Our analysis detected four major genera, Elizabethkingia, Wigglesworthia, Asaia, and Serratia. The antibiotic treatment significantly affected overall microbiota composition, with a specific decrease in the relative abundance of Elizabethkingia and Asaia during blood digestion. Besides its interest on the influence of amoxicillin on the mosquito microbiota, our study proposes a thorough approach to report negative-control data of high-throughput sequencing studies on samples with a reduced microbial load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aminata Fofana
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.,Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Mathilde Gendrin
- Microbiota of Insect Vectors Group, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 97306 Cayenne, French Guiana.,Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Department of Insect Vectors, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ottavia Romoli
- Microbiota of Insect Vectors Group, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 97306 Cayenne, French Guiana
| | | | | | - Rakiswende Serge Yerbanga
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.,Institut des Sciences et Techniques, 2779 Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Jean-Bosco Ouédraogo
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.,Institut des Sciences et Techniques, 2779 Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martínez-de la Puente J, Dunn JC, Gangoso L. Editorial: Factors Affecting Host Selection by Mosquitoes: Implications for the Transmission of Vector-Borne Pathogens. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.739258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
8
|
Ferraguti M, Martínez-de la Puente J, Figuerola J. Ecological Effects on the Dynamics of West Nile Virus and Avian Plasmodium: The Importance of Mosquito Communities and Landscape. Viruses 2021; 13:v13071208. [PMID: 34201673 PMCID: PMC8310121 DOI: 10.3390/v13071208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans and wildlife are at risk from certain vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and West Nile and yellow fevers. Factors linked to global change, including habitat alteration, land-use intensification, the spread of alien species, and climate change, are operating on a global scale and affect both the incidence and distribution of many vector-borne diseases. Hence, understanding the drivers that regulate the transmission of pathogens in the wild is of great importance for ecological, evolutionary, health, and economic reasons. In this literature review, we discuss the ecological factors potentially affecting the transmission of two mosquito-borne pathogens circulating naturally between birds and mosquitoes, namely, West Nile virus (WNV) and the avian malaria parasites of the genus Plasmodium. Traditionally, the study of pathogen transmission has focused only on vectors or hosts and the interactions between them, while the role of landscape has largely been ignored. However, from an ecological point of view, it is essential not only to study the interaction between each of these organisms but also to understand the environmental scenarios in which these processes take place. We describe here some of the similarities and differences in the transmission of these two pathogens and how research into both systems may facilitate a greater understanding of the dynamics of vector-borne pathogens in the wild.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ferraguti
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Ecology (TCE), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (J.M.-d.l.P.)
| | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (J.M.-d.l.P.)
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), E-41092 Seville, Spain;
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Carvajal-Lago L, Ruiz-López MJ, Figuerola J, Martínez-de la Puente J. Implications of diet on mosquito life history traits and pathogen transmission. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110893. [PMID: 33607093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The environment, directly and indirectly, affects many mosquito traits in both the larval and adult stages. The availability of food resources is one of the key factors influencing these traits, although its role in mosquito fitness and pathogen transmission remains unclear. Larvae nutritional status determines their survivorship and growth, having also an impact on adult characteristics like longevity, body size, flight capacity or vector competence. During the adult stage, mosquito diet affects their survival rate, fecundity and host-seeking behaviour. It also affects mosquito susceptibility to infection, which may determine the vectorial capacity of mosquito populations. The aim of this review is to critically revise the current knowledge on the effects that both larval and adult quantity and quality of the diet have on mosquito life history traits, identifying the critical knowledge gaps and proposing future research lines. The quantity and quality of food available through their lifetime greatly determine adult body size, longevity or biting frequency, therefore affecting their competence for pathogen transmission. In addition, natural sugar sources for adult mosquitoes, i.e., specific plants providing high metabolic energy, might affect their host-seeking and vertebrate biting behaviour. However, most of the studies are carried out under laboratory conditions, highlighting the need for studies of feeding behaviour of mosquitoes under field conditions. This kind of studies will increase our knowledge of the impact of diets on pathogen transmission, helping to develop successful control plans for vector-borne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carvajal-Lago
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Spain
| | - María José Ruiz-López
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Spain; Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| |
Collapse
|