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Zunino P. Native microbiomes in danger: Could One Health help to cope with this threat to global health? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONE HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.14202/ijoh.2022.178-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Planetary health faces an emergency associated with global change. Climate change, the increase in world population and urban concentration, the hyperintensification of productive systems, and the associated changes in land use, among other factors, are generating a risky substrate for global health deterioration. The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is an example of the problems that this situation can provoke. Several researchers and health professionals have addressed the role of microorganisms, particularly bacteria, in promoting global health, mainly in the past decades. However, global changes have contributed to the extinction of a wide array of bacterial species and the disruption of microbial communities that support the homeostasis of humans, animals, and the environment. The need to protect the diversity and richness of native microbiomes in biotic and abiotic environments is crucial but has been frequently underestimated. The "One Health" approach, based on integrating traditionally unconnected fields such as human, animal, and environmental health, could provide a helpful framework to face this challenge. Anyway, drastic political decisions will be needed to tackle this global health crisis, in which the preservation of native microbial resources plays a critical role, even in preventing the risk of a new pandemic. This review aims to explain the importance of native microbiomes in biotic and abiotic ecosystems and the need to consider bacterial extinction as a crucial problem that could be addressed under a One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Zunino
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
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de Lima E Silva JR, de Lima ARB, da Silva DL, Rosa Filho JS, Adam ML. Contrasting tourism regimes due to the COVID-19 lockdown reveal varied genomic toxicity in a tropical beach in the Southern Atlantic. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:464. [PMID: 35639171 PMCID: PMC9152653 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10112-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Tourist occupancy in coastal environments threatens the stability of various coastal ecosystems and is thus a cause for concern for the environmental sector. As such, it is important to perform environmental monitoring in a way that analyses and quantifies the environmental impact of coastal ecosystems. Porto de Galinhas beach (Pernambuco - Brazil) has one of the highest visitation rates in Brazil and suffered from restrictions to human mobility due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These restrictions allowed for the evaluation of the impact of tourism on Porto de Galinhas beach and the effects that the lack of tourist occupancy had during the lockdown period of 2020. Blood samples from the species Abudefduf saxatilis were collected monthly over a period of 1 year and during the lockdown quarter, in order to perform micronucleus (MN) and nuclear morphological alteration (NMA) tests, and data were analyzed at a seasonal level (dry/rainy period) using a comet assay. For the control group, A. saxatilis samples were collected in an environmentally protected area on Tamandaré beach (68 km from Porto de Galinhas). The MN and NMA tests showed a greater frequency of genomic damage when there was greater tourist flow. In relation to rain seasonality, the comet assay showed a greater incidence of genomic damage during the dry period, where there was a higher rate of tourist migration, compared to the rainy period. The lockdown period presented a lower incidence of genotoxic damage compared to the period without restrictions on human mobility and the control. The results show that tourism has been causing a significant environmental impact on Porto de Galinhas beach. The data collected during the lockdown period demonstrated how the absence of human movement results in changes that are favorable to environmental recuperation, as illustrated by the lower frequency of genomic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Demétrios Lucas da Silva
- Programa de Pós - Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - José Souto Rosa Filho
- Programa de Pós - Graduação em Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mônica Lúcia Adam
- Programa de Pós - Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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García-Ulloa M, Souza V, Esquivel-Hernández DA, Sánchez-Pérez J, Espinosa-Asuar L, Viladomat M, Marroquín-Rodríguez M, Navarro-Miranda M, Ruiz-Padilla J, Monroy-Guzmán C, Madrigal-Trejo D, Rosas-Barrera M, Vázquez-Rosas-Landa M, Eguiarte LE. Recent Differentiation of Aquatic Bacterial Communities in a Hydrological System in the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin, After a Natural Perturbation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:825167. [PMID: 35572686 PMCID: PMC9097865 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.825167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pozas Rojas is a hydrological system comprising nine isolated shallow ponds and a deep lagoon, which were temporally merged in 2010 by increased rainfall due to a tropical cyclone. In this work, we assess which components, biotic interactions, or environment filtering effects, drive the assembly of microbial communities after a natural perturbation. Arsenic, pH, and temperature are among the most significant environmental variables between each pond, clustering the samples in two main groups, whereas microbial composition is diverse and unique to each site, with no core at the operational taxonomic unit level and only 150 core genera when studied at the genus level. Los Hundidos lagoon has the most differentiated community, which is highly similar to the epipelagic Mediterranean Sea communities. On the other hand, the shallow ponds at the Pozas Rojas system resemble more to epicontinental hydrological systems, such as some cold rivers of the world and the phreatic mantle from Iowa. Overall, despite being a sole of water body 2 years prior to the sampling, interspecific interactions, rather than environmental selection, seem to play a more important role in Pozas Rojas, bolstered by founder effects on each poza and subsequent isolation of each water body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel García-Ulloa
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valeria Souza
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Centro de Estudios del Cuaternario de Fuego-Patagonia y Antártica (CEQUA), Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Diego A Esquivel-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jazmín Sánchez-Pérez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laura Espinosa-Asuar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mariette Viladomat
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Marroquín-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Medicina, Licenciatura en Investigación Biomédica Básica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marisol Navarro-Miranda
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jair Ruiz-Padilla
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Camila Monroy-Guzmán
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - David Madrigal-Trejo
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Manuel Rosas-Barrera
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mirna Vázquez-Rosas-Landa
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis E Eguiarte
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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