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Cesar GA, do Lago BV, Ortiz Tanaka TS, Zanini PB, Bandeira LM, Puga MAM, Pires Fernandes FR, Pinto CS, Castro LS, Bertolacci-Rocha LG, dos Santos Fernandes CE, de Rezende GR, Motta-Castro ARC. Differences in risky sexual behaviors and HIV prevalence between men who have sex with men and transgender women in the Midwest Brazil. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003061. [PMID: 38709753 PMCID: PMC11073717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) are disproportionally affected by HIV infection. This cross-sectional study evaluated the HIV-1/2 prevalence, risk factors and HIV molecular features of MSM and TW from Midwest Brazil. Four hundred and thirty participants (278 MSM and 152 TW) from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, were interviewed and tested for HIV-1/2 infection between November 2011 and September 2013. Participants who were assigned male at birth, older than 18 years old and self-declared as MSM or TW were recruited from LGBT+ associations, as well as public (parks, square, streets, etc) and private [nightclubs, saunas, brothels, etc] places. The prevalence of HIV-1 was 14.4% (9.0% among MSM and 24% among TW; p<0.001). The factor independently associated with HIV-1 infection among MSM was being 30 years-old or older. Among TW, having suffered sexual coercion, lifetime syphilis infection and hepatitis C virus exposure were associated with HIV-1 infection. Phylogenetic analyses classified 65% sequences as subtype B and 35% as possible recombinants. All but one recombinant sample were from TW individuals. High HIV-1 prevalences were observed in both groups, highlighting the urgent need to devise specific HIV interventions targeting these key populations. Notably, TWs are more vulnerable to HIV infection, which was associated with sexual violence and co-infection with other STIs. With regard to MSM, being 30 years old or older was significanty associated to HIV, reinforcing the idea that MSM are less exposed [or exposed later] to STIs than TWs, although MSM are clearly more vulnerable than the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alves Cesar
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Vieira do Lago
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Immunobiological Technology (Bio-Manguinhos), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tayana Serpa Ortiz Tanaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Brunini Zanini
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Melo Bandeira
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Clarice Souza Pinto
- Secretary of Health of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Rita Coimbra Motta-Castro
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Transmission and Drug Resistance Characteristics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Strain Using Medical Information Data Retrieval System. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2173339. [PMID: 35734773 PMCID: PMC9208953 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2173339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at exploring the transmission and drug resistance characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). The query expansion algorithm based on Candecomp Parafac (CP) decomposition was adopted to construct a data information retrieval system for semantic web and tensor decomposition. In the latent variable model based on tensor decomposition, the three elements in the triples generated feature vectors to calculate the training samples. The HIV patient data set was selected to evaluate the performance of the system, and then, the HIV gene resistance of 213 patients was retrospectively analyzed based on the electronic medical records. 43 cases showed failure of ribonucleic acid drug resistance, the ART virological failure rate was 24.43% (43/213), and one case was not reported. There was 1 case of RNA hemolysis that could not be detected. There were 50 resistant cases of nonnucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), accounting for 29.94% (50/167), and there were 17 resistant cases of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), accounting for 10.18% (17/167) of all mutation cases. Among the HIV-1 strains, 19 cases failed the detection of drug resistance sites in the integrase region, and mutations in the integrase region were significantly more than those in the protease region. There were 12 types of HIV-1 strains with drug-resistant mutations. The fusion technical scheme constructed in this study showed excellent performance in medical information retrieval. In this study, the characteristics of HIV-1 of AIDS patients were analyzed from different directions, and effective treatment was performed for patients, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis of AIDS patients.
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