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Wang A, Zhou M, Chen Q, Jin H, Xu G, Guo R, Wang J, Lai R. Functional Analyses of Three Targeted DNA Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Goats. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1453. [PMID: 37892141 PMCID: PMC10605153 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in drug-resistant bacteria, new antibacterial drugs have emerged as a prominent area of research and development. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as innate immune agents, have garnered significant attention due to their potent, rapid, and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. This study focused on investigating the functionality of three AMPs (CATH 1, CATH 2, and MAP34-B) derived from goat submandibular glands. Among these AMPs, CATH 2 and MAP34-B exhibited direct antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, primarily targeting the bacterial membrane. Additionally, these two AMPs were found to have the potential to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in bacterial cells and interact with bacterial genome DNA, which may play a crucial role in their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, both CATH 1 and CATH 2 demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, and all three AMPs exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity. Importantly, the cytotoxic activity of these AMPs against mammalian cells was found to be weak, and their hemolytic activity was extremely low. Overall, the characteristics of these three AMPs found in goat submandibular glands offer new insights for the study of host protection from an immunological perspective. They hold promise as potential candidates for the development of novel antibacterial agents, particularly in the context of combating drug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Wang
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (A.W.)
| | - Mengying Zhou
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (A.W.)
| | - Hui Jin
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (A.W.)
| | - Gaochi Xu
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (A.W.)
| | - Ruiyin Guo
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (A.W.)
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China;
| | - Ren Lai
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (A.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Bolosov IA, Panteleev PV, Sychev SV, Khokhlova VA, Safronova VN, Toropygin IY, Kombarova TI, Korobova OV, Pereskokova ES, Borzilov AI, Ovchinnikova TV, Balandin SV. Design of Protegrin-1 Analogs with Improved Antibacterial Selectivity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2047. [PMID: 37631261 PMCID: PMC10458893 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Protegrin-1 (PG-1) is a cationic β-hairpin pore-forming antimicrobial peptide having a membranolytic mechanism of action. It possesses in vitro a potent antimicrobial activity against a panel of clinically relevant MDR ESKAPE pathogens. However, its extremely high hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells prevent the further development of the protegrin-based antibiotic for systemic administration. In this study, we rationally modulated the PG-1 charge and hydrophobicity by substituting selected residues in the central β-sheet region of PG-1 to design its analogs, which retain a high antimicrobial activity but have a reduced toxicity toward mammalian cells. In this work, eight PG-1 analogs with single amino acid substitutions and five analogs with double substitutions were obtained. These analogs were produced as thioredoxin fusions in Escherichia coli. It was shown that a significant reduction in hemolytic activity without any loss of antimicrobial activity could be achieved by a single amino acid substitution, V16R in the C-terminal β-strand, which is responsible for the PG-1 oligomerization. As the result, a selective analog with a ≥30-fold improved therapeutic index was obtained. FTIR spectroscopy analysis of analog, [V16R], revealed that the peptide is unable to form oligomeric structures in a membrane-mimicking environment, in contrast to wild-type PG-1. Analog [V16R] showed a reasonable efficacy in septicemia infection mice model as a systemic antibiotic and could be considered as a promising lead for further drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilia A. Bolosov
- M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.B.); (P.V.P.); (T.V.O.)
| | - Pavel V. Panteleev
- M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.B.); (P.V.P.); (T.V.O.)
| | - Sergei V. Sychev
- M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.B.); (P.V.P.); (T.V.O.)
| | - Veronika A. Khokhlova
- M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.B.); (P.V.P.); (T.V.O.)
| | - Victoria N. Safronova
- M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.B.); (P.V.P.); (T.V.O.)
| | - Ilia Yu. Toropygin
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana I. Kombarova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology (SRCAMB), 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| | - Olga V. Korobova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology (SRCAMB), 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| | - Eugenia S. Pereskokova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology (SRCAMB), 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| | - Alexander I. Borzilov
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology (SRCAMB), 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Ovchinnikova
- M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.B.); (P.V.P.); (T.V.O.)
- Department of Biotechnology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Balandin
- M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.B.); (P.V.P.); (T.V.O.)
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Panteleev PV, Safronova VN, Kruglikov RN, Bolosov IA, Bogdanov IV, Ovchinnikova TV. A Novel Proline-Rich Cathelicidin from the Alpaca Vicugna pacos with Potency to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: Mechanism of Action and the Functional Role of the C-Terminal Region. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050515. [PMID: 35629841 PMCID: PMC9146984 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Over recent years, a growing number of bacterial species have become resistant to clinically relevant antibiotics. Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) having a potent antimicrobial activity and a negligible toxicity toward mammalian cells attract attention as new templates for the development of antibiotic drugs. Here, we mined genomes of all living Camelidae species and found a novel family of Bac7-like proline-rich cathelicidins which inhibited bacterial protein synthesis. The N-terminal region of a novel peptide from the alpaca Vicugna pacos named VicBac is responsible for inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis with an IC50 value of 0.5 µM in the E. coli cell-free system whereas the C-terminal region allows the peptide to penetrate bacterial membranes effectively. We also found that the full-length VicBac did not induce bacterial resistance after a two-week selection experiment, unlike the N-terminal truncated analog, which depended on the SbmA transport system. Both pro- and anti-inflammatory action of VicBac and its N-terminal truncated variant on various human cell types was found by multiplex immunoassay. The presence of the C-terminal tail in the natural VicBac does not provide for specific immune-modulatory effects in vitro but enhances the observed impact compared with the truncated analog. The pronounced antibacterial activity of VicBac, along with its moderate adverse effects on mammalian cells, make this molecule a promising scaffold for the development of peptide antibiotics.
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