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Pellegrini M, Iacumin L, Pleadin J, Krešić G, Orecchia E, Colautti A, Vulić A, Kudumija N, Bernardi C, Comi G. Microbial and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Cold Smoked Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax), a New Product of Fishery. Foods 2023; 12:2685. [PMID: 37509776 PMCID: PMC10378578 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial and physico-chemical characteristics of cold smoked sea bass (CSSB), a novel italian fish product. The microbiological analyses showed the presence of bacterial contamination from the raw material, the environment, and the production process. The microbial spoilage population was dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with Gram-negative fermenting bacteria, including Photobacterium phosphoreum and psychrotrophic Enterobacteriaceae. Brochotrix thermospacta and Aeromonas spp. were also present; in contrast, mould and yeast were not detected (<2 CFU/g). High levels (6-7 log CFU/g) of LAB and total bacteria count (TBC) were observed from day 45 of storage; however, their presence does not seem to have influenced the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), which always remained below 35 mg N/100 g. Consequently, the product is acceptable until day 60 of storage, considering that the malonaldehyde index (TBARS) was lower than 6.5 nmol/g. Pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected. Currently, there is a growing demand for seafood due to its high quality and nutritional value. Cold smoked sea bass offers a source of macro- and micronutrients essential for the proper functioning of the human body. It is also rich in protein and omega-3 fatty acids. The WHO and FAO evaluated the benefits and risks and concluded that there is convincing evidence of health benefits from fish consumption, such as a reduction in the risk of heart failure and improved neurodevelopment in infants and young children when fish is consumed by the mother before and during pregnancy. The CSSB analysed in this study demonstrated to have health benefits due to long-chain omega-3 PUFAs and other nutrients, such as proteins, minerals, and vitamin D, which are sometimes difficult to obtain from other sources. The results show that CSSB has a high nutritional value and excellent microbial quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Lucilla Iacumin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Jelka Pleadin
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Greta Krešić
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, Primorska 46, 51410 Opatija, Croatia
| | - Elisabetta Orecchia
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Colautti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Ana Vulić
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nina Kudumija
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Cristian Bernardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Lodi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Comi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Castellano P, Melian C, Burgos C, Vignolo G. Bioprotective cultures and bacteriocins as food preservatives. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 106:275-315. [PMID: 37722775 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Food preservation technologies face the challenge of extending product shelf life applying different factors to prevent the microbiological spoilage of food and inhibit/inactivate food borne pathogens maintaining or even enhancing its quality. One such preservation strategy is the application of bacteriocins or bacteriocin-producer cultures as a kind of food biopreservation. Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized small polypeptide molecules that exert antagonistic activity against closely related and unrelated bacteria without harming the producing strain by specific immunity proteins. This chapter aims to contribute to current knowledge about innovative natural preservative agents and their application in the food industry. Specifically, its purpose is to analyze the classification of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria (LAB), desirable characteristics of bacteriocins that position them in a privileged place in food biopreservation technology, their success story as well as the bacteriocinogenic LAB in various food systems. Finally, challenges and barrier strategies used to enhance the efficiency of the bacteriocins antimicrobial effect are presented in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Castellano
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Constanza Melian
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Carla Burgos
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Graciela Vignolo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
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Camprini L, Pellegrini M, Comi G, Iacumin L. Effects of anaerobic and respiratory adaptation of Lacticaseibacillus casei N87 on fermented sausages production. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1044357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus casei N87 was used as starter culture for the production of fermented sausages. The strain was cultivated in anaerobic (A) and respiratory (growth in presence of oxygen and supplementation with haeme and menaquinone in the growth medium; R) conditions. Control without the starter culture inoculation and with the addition of 150 mg/kg of nitrate was also included. The effect on physico-chemical parameters (pH, Aw, weight loss, and color), microbial population, volatilome, proteolysis as well as the survival of the strain was evaluated during 90 days of ripening. Q-PCR and DGGE-PCR analyses demonstrated the ability of the strain used in this study to adapt to this environment and carry out the sausage's fermentation process. The inoculation of the strain did not have any effect on the Aw values, which decreased similarly in the different samples whereas the pH was lower in A samples (5.2) and the weight loss in R samples (2.5% less than the others). The color parameters of the samples inoculated with the starter cultures were comparable to those of the control added with nitrate. The concentration of aldehydes that usually are identified as marker of oxidation processes was similar in the samples inoculated with the starter cultures adapted under respiratory conditions and in the control. On the contrary, a higher level was detected in the samples inoculated with the starter cultivated under anaerobic conditions. The proteolysis that occurred during the ripening indicates the differentiation of the A samples from the others. Nonetheless, the volatile profiles of the inoculated fermented sausages were similar. The study demonstrated that aerobic adaptation of Lcb. casei N87 starter culture gave similar color parameters and amounts of aldehydes in sausages fermentations without nitrate compared to conventional fermentations with nitrate.
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Leite Junior BRDC, Tribst AAL. Use of nisin and bioprotective lactic cultures to extend the shelf life of sheep and goat cheese whey. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yang H, Luo X, Zhu L, Liang R, Mao Y, Yang X, Niu L, Zhang Y, Dong P. The biological effect of a beef-derived Latilactobacillus sakei on beef steaks during chilled storage. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:1059-1072. [PMID: 36789062 PMCID: PMC9922142 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the biological inhibiting effect of a beef-derived Latilactobacillus sakei (RS-25) on the spoilage of beef steaks in overwrapped packaging during the 12 days of storage at 4°C. Beef quality as well as microbial indicators were determined at different intervals during the storage after the inoculation of RS-25 at the 6 log CFU/g, and the high-throughput sequencing was applied to investigate the changes of microbial community structure during the storage. The inoculation of RS-25 on beef had no effect (p > .05) on pH, TBARS, and TVB-N during storage indicating the weak effect of such strain on the eat quality. Furthermore, the rise of L* and the delayed decline of a* and b* reveal the protection effect of RS-25 on the meat color. RS-25 reduced the re-contaminated Salmonella typhimurium by 1.16 log CFU/g (p < .01), and the growth of Brochothrix thermosphacta was also inhibited but no inhibition was found on the Pseudomonas spp. at the first 6 days of storage. The inhibiting effect of RS-25 was covered by the rapid growth of other microorganism during the following 6 days of storage. Consistent with the microbial counts results, high-throughput sequencing analysis confirmed that the inoculated L. sakei RS-25 was dominant at first 6 days, and then replaced by Pseudomonas spp. The findings obtained from the current study may provide basic information for the further application of bioprotective bacteria in preservation of beef steaks in the overwrapped packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixuan Yang
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Xin Luo
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Lixian Zhu
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Rongrong Liang
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Yanwei Mao
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Xiaoyin Yang
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Lebao Niu
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
| | - Pengcheng Dong
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina,National R&D Center for Beef Processing TechnologyTai'anChina
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Iacumin L, Pellegrini M, Sist A, Tabanelli G, Montanari C, Bernardi C, Comi G. Improving the Shelf-Life of Fish Burgers Made with a Mix of Sea Bass and Sea Bream Meat by Bioprotective Cultures. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091786. [PMID: 36144388 PMCID: PMC9500812 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seafood products are one of the most perishable foods, and their shelf life is limited by enzymatic and microbial spoilage. Developing methods to extend the shelf life of fresh fish could reduce food waste in the fishery industry, retail stores, and private households. In recent decades, the application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as bioprotective cultures has become a promising tool. In this study, we evaluated the use of four starter cultures, previously selected for their properties as bioprotective agents, for sea bass and sea bream burgers biopreservation. Starter cultures impacted the microbial populations, biochemical parameters (pH, TVB-N), and sensory properties of fish burgers, during 10 days of storage at 4 °C and then 20 days at 8 °C in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). Also, storage time influenced the microbial and physicochemical characteristics of all the tested samples, except for TVB-N values, which were significantly higher in the uninoculated burgers. The volatilome changed in the different treatments, and in particular, the samples supplemented with starter presented a profile that described their rapid growth and colonization, with the production of typical molecules derived from their metabolism. The addition of bioprotective cultures avoided bloating spoilage and improved the sensory parameters of the burgers. The shelf life of the fish burgers supplemented with starter cultures could be extended up to 12 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilla Iacumin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Michela Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Alice Sist
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Tabanelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Montanari
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Cristian Bernardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Lodi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Comi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Correspondence:
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