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Chen T, Zhang S, Yang J, Li Y, Kogure E, Zhu Y, Xiong W, Chen E, Shi G. Metabarcoding Analysis of Microorganisms Inside Household Washing Machines in Shanghai, China. Microorganisms 2024; 12:160. [PMID: 38257987 PMCID: PMC10819172 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Washing machines are one of the tools that bring great convenience to people's daily lives. However, washing machines that have been used for a long time often develop issues such as odor and mold, which can pose health hazards to consumers. There exists a conspicuous gap in our understanding of the microorganisms that inhabit the inner workings of washing machines. In this study, samples were collected from 22 washing machines in Shanghai, China, including both water eluted from different parts of washing machines and biofilms. Quantitative qualitative analysis was performed using fluorescence PCR quantification, and microbial communities were characterized by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). This showed that the microbial communities in all samples were predominantly composed of bacteria. HTS results showed that in the eluted water samples, the bacteria mainly included Pseudomonas, Enhydrobacter, Brevibacterium, and Acinetobacter. Conversely, in the biofilm samples, Enhydrobacter and Brevibacterium were the predominant bacterial microorganisms. Correlation analysis results revealed that microbial colonies in washing machines were significantly correlated with years of use and the type of detergent used to clean the washing machine. As numerous pathogenic microorganisms can be observed in the results, effective preventive measures and future research are essential to mitigate these health problems and ensure the continued safe use of these household appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- KAO (China) Research and Development Center, No. 623, Ziri Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 100098, China (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (E.C.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- KAO (China) Research and Development Center, No. 623, Ziri Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 100098, China (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (E.C.)
| | - Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Youran Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Eiichi Kogure
- Kao Corporation, 1334, Minato, Wakayama 640-8580, Japan
| | - Ye Zhu
- KAO (China) Research and Development Center, No. 623, Ziri Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 100098, China (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (E.C.)
| | - Weiqi Xiong
- KAO (China) Research and Development Center, No. 623, Ziri Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 100098, China (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (E.C.)
| | - Enhui Chen
- KAO (China) Research and Development Center, No. 623, Ziri Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 100098, China (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (E.C.)
| | - Guiyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Li B, Godfrey BJ, RedCorn R, Candry P, Abrahamson B, Wang Z, Goel R, Winkler MKH. Mainstream nitrogen removal from low temperature and low ammonium strength municipal wastewater using hydrogel-encapsulated comammox and anammox. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120303. [PMID: 37419028 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Application of partial nitritation (PN)-anammox to mainstream wastewater treatment faces challenges in low water temperature and low ammonium strength. In this study, a continuous flow PN-anammox reactor with hydrogel-encapsulated comammox and anammox was designed and operated for nitrogen removal from mainstream wastewater with low temperature. Long-term operation with synthetic and real wastewater as the feed demonstrated nearly complete ammonium and total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal by the reactor at temperatures as low as 10 °C. A significantly decreased nitrogen removal performance and biomass activity was observed in the reactor at 4 °C before a selective heating strategy was employed. A novel heating technology using radiation to heat carbon black co-encapsulated in the hydrogel matrix with biomass was used to selectively heat biomass but not water in the treatment system. This selective heating technology enabled nearly complete ammonium removal and 89.4 ± 4.3 % TIN removal at influent temperature of 4 °C and reactor temperature 5 °C. Activity tests suggested selective heating brought the biomass activity at influent temperatures of 4 °C and reactor temperature 5 °C to a level comparable to that at 10 °C. Comammox and anammox were consistently present in the system and spatially organized in the hydrogel beads as revealed by qPCR and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH). The abundance of comammox largely decreased by 3 orders of magnitude during the operation at 4 °C, and rapidly recovered after the application of selective heating. The anammox-comammox technology tested in this study essentially enabled mainstream shortcut nitrogen removal, and the selective heating ensured good performance of the technology at temperature as low as 5 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- University of Washington, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Bruce J Godfrey
- University of Washington, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Raymond RedCorn
- University of Washington, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pieter Candry
- University of Washington, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Britt Abrahamson
- University of Washington, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Zhiwu Wang
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, 1230 Washington St. SW, Blacksburg VA 24061, VA 20147, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- The University of Utah, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 110 S. Central Campus Drive, 2000MCE, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mari-K H Winkler
- University of Washington, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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White C, Antell E, Schwartz SL, Lawrence JE, Keren R, Zhou L, Yu K, Zhuang W, Alvarez-Cohen L. Synergistic interactions between anammox and dissimilatory nitrate reducing bacteria sustains reactor performance across variable nitrogen loading ratios. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1243410. [PMID: 37637134 PMCID: PMC10450351 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are utilized for high efficiency nitrogen removal from nitrogen-laden sidestreams in wastewater treatment plants. The anammox bacteria form a variety of competitive and mutualistic interactions with heterotrophic bacteria that often employ denitrification or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) for energy generation. These interactions can be heavily influenced by the influent ratio of ammonium to nitrite, NH4+:NO2-, where deviations from the widely acknowledged stoichiometric ratio (1:1.32) have been demonstrated to have deleterious effects on anammox efficiency. Thus, it is important to understand how variable NH4+:NO2- ratios impact the microbial ecology of anammox reactors. We observed the response of the microbial community in a lab scale anammox membrane bioreactor (MBR) to changes in the influent NH4+:NO2- ratio using both 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Ammonium removal efficiency decreased from 99.77 ± 0.04% when the ratio was 1:1.32 (prior to day 89) to 90.85 ± 0.29% when the ratio was decreased to 1:1.1 (day 89-202) and 90.14 ± 0.09% when the ratio was changed to 1:1.13 (day 169-200). Over this same timespan, the overall nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) remained relatively unchanged (85.26 ± 0.01% from day 0-89, compared to 85.49 ± 0.01% from day 89-169, and 83.04 ± 0.01% from day 169-200). When the ratio was slightly increased to 1:1.17-1:1.2 (day 202-253), the ammonium removal efficiency increased to 97.28 ± 0.45% and the NRE increased to 88.21 ± 0.01%. Analysis of 16 S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated increased relative abundance of taxa belonging to Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Ignavibacteriae over the course of the experiment. The relative abundance of Planctomycetes, the phylum to which anammox bacteria belong, decreased from 77.19% at the beginning of the experiment to 12.24% by the end of the experiment. Analysis of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) indicated increased abundance of bacteria with nrfAH genes used for DNRA after the introduction of lower influent NH4+:NO2- ratios. The high relative abundance of DNRA bacteria coinciding with sustained bioreactor performance indicates a mutualistic relationship between the anammox and DNRA bacteria. Understanding these interactions could support more robust bioreactor operation at variable nitrogen loading ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian White
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Edmund Antell
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Sarah L. Schwartz
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | | | - Ray Keren
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Lijie Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Yu
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiqin Zhuang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Alvarez-Cohen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
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Huang J, Wang C, Zhang S, Han X, Feng R, Li Y, Huang X, Wang J. Optimizing nitrogenous organic wastewater treatment through integration of organic capture, anaerobic digestion, and anammox technologies: sustainability and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27410-6. [PMID: 37261686 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
With China's recent commitment to reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality, anaerobic digestion and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) have emerged as promising technologies for treating nitrogenous organic wastewater. Anaerobic digestion can convert organic matter into volatile fatty acids (VFAs), methane, and other chemicals, while anammox can efficiently remove nitrogen with minimal energy consumption. This study evaluates the principles and characteristics of enhanced chemical flocculation and bioflocculation, as well as membrane separation, for capturing organic matter. Additionally, the paper evaluates the production of acids and methane from anaerobic digestion, exploring the influence of various factors and the need for control strategies. The features, challenges, and concerns of partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) and partial denitrification-anammox (PD/A) are also outlined. Finally, an integrated system that combined organic capture, anaerobic digestion, and anammox is proposed as a sustainable and effective solution for treating nitrogenous organic wastewater and recovering energy and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd (BDG), Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd (BDG), Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Rongfei Feng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Liang H, Cheng L, Yang W, Wang P, Gao D. Mainstream deammonification at ambient temperature treating real sewage by a plug-flow fixed-bed reactor based on zeolite/tourmaline-modified polyurethane carriers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129184. [PMID: 37207694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A plug-flow fixed-bed reactor (PFBR) with zeolite/tourmaline-modified polyurethane (ZTP) carriers (PFBRZTP) was constructed to realize mainstream deammonification for real domestic sewage treatment. The PFBRZTP and PFBR were operated for 111 days treating aerobically pretreated sewage in parallel. A higher nitrogen removal rate of 0.12 kg N·(m3·d)-1 was achieved in PFBRZTP despite lowering the temperature (16.8-19.7 ℃) and fluctuating water quality. Meanwhile, it was indicated that anaerobic ammonium oxidation dominated (64.0 ±13.2%) in PFBRZTP, by nitrogen removal pathway analysis and high anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) activity (2.89 mg N·(g VSS·h)-1). And, the lower protein/polysaccharides (PS) ratio further indicated a better biofilm structure in PFBRZTP owing to a higher abundance of microorganisms relevant to PS and cryoprotective EPS secretion. Furthermore, partial denitrification was an important nitrite supply process in PFBRZTP based on low AOB activity/AnAOB activity ratio, higher Thauera abundance and a remarkably positive correlation between Thauera abundance and AnAOB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lang Cheng
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dawen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China; Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
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6
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Lai JL, Li ZG, Wang Y, Xi HL, Luo XG. Tritium and Carbon-14 Contamination Reshaping the Microbial Community Structure, Metabolic Network, and Element Cycle in the Seawater Environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:5305-5316. [PMID: 36952228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The potential ecological risks caused by entering radioactive wastewater containing tritium and carbon-14 into the sea require careful evaluation. This study simulated seawater's tritium and carbon-14 pollution and analyzed the effects on the seawater and sediment microenvironments. Tritium and carbon-14 pollution primarily altered nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in the seawater environment. Analysis by 16S rRNA sequencing showed changes in the relative abundance of microorganisms involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus metabolism and organic matter degradation in response to tritium and carbon-14 exposure. Metabonomics and metagenomic analysis showed that tritium and carbon-14 exposure interfered with gene expression involving nucleotide and amino acid metabolites, in agreement with the results seen for microbial community structure. Tritium and carbon-14 exposure also modulated the abundance of functional genes involved in carbohydrate, phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen metabolic pathways in sediments. Tritium and carbon-14 pollution in seawater adversely affected microbial diversity, metabolic processes, and the abundance of nutrient-cycling genes. These results provide valuable information for further evaluating the risks of tritium and carbon-14 in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Lai
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Zhan-Guo Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Hai-Ling Xi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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Li Y, Liang H, Yang W, Cheng L, Cao J, Wang P, Gao D. Enhanced nitrogen removal in mainstream deammonification systems at ambient temperature by novel modified carriers and differentiation of microbial community transformation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128158. [PMID: 36272683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite-modified polyurethane (ZP) carriers and zeolite/tourmaline-modified polyurethane (ZTP) carriers were proposed to enhance mainstream deammonification. The system with ZTP carriers was rapidly established in 28 days with a nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.150 kg N·(m3·d)-1. Moreover, the facilitative effect of tourmaline was suggested by the highest humic acid peak intensity and more balanced potential activity. Besides, SEM-EDS analysis revealed carrier characteristic improvement was achieved in both novel carriers while maintaining an excellent spatial structure. Moreover, the microbial analysis suggested that both modified carriers support the substrate supply to anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) by enhancing dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium and partial denitrification under nitrate accumulation conditions. Nevertheless, the ZTP system had a greater advantage over maintaining the original AnAOB (Candidatus Jettenia) and ammonium oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas) abundance. Overall, this study provides ZTP carriers with great potential for facilitating the establishment of mainstream deammonification at full-scale WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lang Cheng
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jiasuo Cao
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dawen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China; Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
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Cao Q, Li X, Chen Y, Li X, Xie Z, Li D. Nitrification resistance and functional redundancy maintain the system stability of partial nitrification in high-strength ammonium wastewater system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128157. [PMID: 36272680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The sudden change of ammonia loading in high-strength ammonium wastewater treatment can directly affect the system stability by altering microbial community dynamics. To maintain the system stability, the effects of ammonia shock loading on microbial community dynamics must be studied. Two sets of sequencing batch reactors were operated with 6 shock cycles (maximum volumetric loading rate of 1928 mg N/(L·d)). CN system contained both organic carbon and ammonia and N system contained only ammonia. Comparing with N system, CN system operated more stably and had higher nitrite accumulation rate. Free ammonia (FA) was the select stress for the turnover of CN microbial communities, while the N communities didn t shift much. The increase of Nitrosomonas and the appearance of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria in CN system presented its resistance and redundancy against FA impact, while the increase of functional genes exhibited functional genes redundancy which maintained the system stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangzhen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yichao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Li
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhijie Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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