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Hou F, Song S, Cui W, Yu Z, Gong Z, Wang Y, Wang W. Flavor Improvement of Maillard Reaction Intermediates Derived from Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Oudemansiella raphanipes Mushroom. Foods 2024; 13:1688. [PMID: 38890916 PMCID: PMC11171502 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Maillard reaction intermediate (MRI) was prepared by the enzymatic hydrolysate (EH) of Oudemansiella raphanipes and fructose. The optimal preparation condition of MRIs was obtained when the Maillard reaction parameters were as follows: fructose addition of 5%, reaction time of 60 min, and temperature of 60 °C. E-Tongue results indicated that the umami and saltiness of MRIs were greater than those of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) and EH, and the taste-enhancing ability of MRIs was even more prominent than that of MRPs. E-Nose could obviously distinguish EH, MRIs, and MRPs, and there was an obvious difference between MRPs and MRIs regarding volatile aroma compounds. A total of 35 volatile flavor substances were identified among the three samples, including 6 alcohols, 13 aldehydes, 9 ketones, 2 esters, and 5 other compounds. Overall, MRIs could avoid the production of complete reaction products with an inferior flavor, and further enhance the umami taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Hou
- Institute of Agro-Food Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (F.H.); (S.S.); (W.C.); (Z.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shasha Song
- Institute of Agro-Food Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (F.H.); (S.S.); (W.C.); (Z.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Wenjia Cui
- Institute of Agro-Food Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (F.H.); (S.S.); (W.C.); (Z.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zipeng Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Zhiqing Gong
- Institute of Agro-Food Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (F.H.); (S.S.); (W.C.); (Z.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yansheng Wang
- Institute of Agro-Food Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (F.H.); (S.S.); (W.C.); (Z.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Wenliang Wang
- Institute of Agro-Food Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (F.H.); (S.S.); (W.C.); (Z.G.); (Y.W.)
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Yang X, Li T, Liu Y, Gu Y, Li J, Wang C, Zhao L, Wang X, Li W, Sun Y, Cheng F, Zhu D. Bacillus sp. alone or combined with salicylic acid inhibited Trichoderma spp. infection on harvested white Hypsizygus marmoreus. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1324833. [PMID: 38562481 PMCID: PMC10982393 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1324833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom. It is rich in nutrition and flavor but vulnerable to fungal disease, resulting in nutrient loss and aging. Methods In this study, the pathogenic fungus Trichoderma spp. BBP-6 and its antagonist Bacillus sp. 1-23 were isolated and identified. The negative effects caused by this pathogen were judged by detecting a series of changes in the infected white H. marmoreus. The effects of Bacillus sp. 1-23 on Trichoderma spp. BBP-6 and the infected white H. marmoreus were detected. The effect of Bacillus sp. 1-23 treatment combined with salicylic acid (SA) was also considered. Results The results showed that Trichoderma spp. BBP-6 could affect the activities of antioxidant enzymes PAL, POD, CAT, SOD, GR, PPO, and APX to interfere with the stability of the white H. marmoreus antioxidant enzyme system and cause the mushroom severe browning and nutrition loss, as well as general quality deterioration. Bacillus sp. 1-23 could produce chitinase and chitosanase enzymes to inhibit Trichoderma spp. BBP-6 directly. SA reinforced this inhibitory. Bacillus sp. 1-23 alone or combined with SA could help white H. marmoreus from the Trichoderma spp. BBP-6 infection to effectively maintain nutrients, restore and stabilize the antioxidant system, and reduce the production of malondialdehyde, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. Discussion Thus, such treatments could be considered potential methods to alleviate damage from disease and extend the shelf life of white H. marmoreus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Yang
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianhao Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuyi Gu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chaoping Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao, China
| | - Longgang Zhao
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Special Food, Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fansheng Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Jinan, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Xie J, Lu S, Tarafder E, Pan Y, Peng K, Zeng X, Tian F. Taxonomy, biological characterization and fungicide sensitivity assays of Hypomyces cornea sp. nov. causing cobweb disease on Auricularia cornea. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:1616-1625. [PMID: 38341267 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Auricularia cornea is an important edible mushroom crop in China but the occurrence of cobweb disease has cause significance economic loss in its production. The rate of disease occurrence is 16.65% all over the country. In the present study, a new pathogen Hypomyces cornea sp. nov. was found to cause the cobweb disease. In July 2021, three strains of fungal pathogen were isolated from infected fruiting bodies and identified as H. cornea based on morphological studies and molecular phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, mitochondrial large subunit (LSU) of rRNA and the partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha genes. The representative isolates of the pathogenic Hypomyces species used to perform pathogenicity test with spore suspension that caused similar symptoms as those observed in the cultivated field, and same pathogens could be re-isolated, which fulfill Koch's postulates. The typical biological characterization was examined of the serious pathogen to determine its favorable growth conditions, including suitable temperature, pH, carbon, nitrogen sources and light conditions. The findings revealed an optimum temperature of 25 °C, pH of 6, and soluble starch and peptone as the preferred carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The hyphal growth inhibition method was used for primary in vitro screening test of seven common fungicides, and the most suitable fungicide is Prochloraz manganese chloride complex, the EC50 values of cobweb pathogen and mushrooms were 0.085 μg/mL and 2.452 μg/mL, respectively. The results of our research provide an evidence-based basis for the effective prevention and treatment of A. cornea cobweb disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Xie
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushroom, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Sibei Lu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushroom, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Entaj Tarafder
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yintao Pan
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushroom, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Keqin Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushroom, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Zeng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushroom, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Fenghua Tian
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; Guizhou Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Breeding, Guiyang, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushroom, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China.
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Athinuwat D, Ruangwong OU, Harishchandra DL, Pitija K, Sunpapao A. Biological Control Activities of Rhizosphere Fungus Trichoderma virens T1-02 in Suppressing Flower Blight of Flamingo Flower ( Anthurium andraeanum Lind.). J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:66. [PMID: 38248975 PMCID: PMC10817541 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Flower blight caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora is an emerging disease of flamingo flower (Anthurium andraeanum Lind.) that negatively impacts flower production. The use of rhizosphere fungi as biocontrol agents is an alternative way to control this disease instead of using synthetic fungicides. This research aimed to screen the potential of rhizosphere fungi, Trichoderma spp., with diverse antifungal abilities to control N. clavispora and to reduce flower blight in flamingo flowers. A total of ten isolates were tested against N. clavispora by dual culture assay, and T1-02 was found to be the most effective isolate against N. clavispora, with inhibition of 78.21%. Morphology and molecular phylogeny of multiple DNA sequences of the genes, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α), and RNA polymerase 2 (rpb2) identified isolate T1-02 as Trichoderma virens. Sealed plate method revealed T. virens T1-02 produced volatile antifungal compounds (VOCs) against N. clavispora, with inhibition of 51.28%. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was applied to trap volatiles, and GC/MS profiling showed VOCs emitted from T. virens T1-02 contained a sesquiterpene antifungal compound-germacrene D. The pre-colonized plate method showed that T. virens T1-02 aggressively colonized in tested plates with inhibition of 100% against N. clavispora, and microscopy revealed direct parasitism onto fungal hyphae. Furthermore, the application of T. virens T1-02 spore suspension reduced the disease severity index (DSI) of flower blight in flamingo flowers. Based on the results from this study, T. virens T1-02 displays multiple antagonistic mechanisms and has the potential ability to control flower blight of flamingo flowers caused by N. clavispora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusit Athinuwat
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - On-Uma Ruangwong
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (O.-U.R.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Dulanjalee L. Harishchandra
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (O.-U.R.); (D.L.H.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kitsada Pitija
- PerkinElmer Scientific (Thailand) Co., Ltd., 290 Soi Soonvijai 4, Bang Kapi, Huai Kwang, Bangkok 10310, Thailand;
| | - Anurag Sunpapao
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division (Pest Management), Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai 90110, Thailand
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Zhu L, Gao X, Zhang M, Hu C, Yang W, Guo L, Yang S, Yu H, Yu H. Whole Genome Sequence of an Edible Mushroom Oudemansiella raphanipes (Changgengu). J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020266. [PMID: 36836380 PMCID: PMC9961838 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oudemansiella raphanipes, considered as a well-known culinary edible mushroom with a high content of natural bioactive substances, is widely cultivated in China with the commercial name Changgengu. However, due to the lack of genomic data, molecular and genetic study on O. raphanipes is rare. To obtain a comprehensive overview of genetic characteristics and enhance the value of O. raphanipes, two mating-compatible monokaryons isolated from the dikaryon were applied for de novo genome sequencing and assembly using Nanopore and /or Illumina sequencing platforms. One of the monokaryons, O. raphanipes CGG-A-s1, was annotated with 21,308 protein-coding genes, of which 56 were predicted to be involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as terpene, type I PKS, NRPS, and siderophore. Phylogenetic and comparative analysis of multiple fungi genomes revealed a close evolutionary relationship between O. raphanipes and Mucidula mucid based on single-copy orthologous protein genes. Significant collinearity was detected between O. raphanipes and Flammulina velutipes on the synteny of inter-species genomes. 664 CAZyme genes in CGG-A-s1 were identified with GHs and AAs families significantly elevated when compared with the other 25 sequenced fungi, indicating a strong wood degradation ability. Furthermore, the mating type locus analysis revealed that CGG-A-s1 and CGG-A-s2 were conserved in the gene organization of the mating A locus but various in that of the mating B locus. The genome resource of O. raphanipes will provide new insights into its development of genetic studies and commercial production of high-quality varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Shandong Agricultural Technology Extending Station, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chunhui Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wujie Yang
- Shandong Agricultural Technology Extending Station, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lizhong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Song Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Hailong Yu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); or (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-532-58957640 (Hailong Yu)
| | - Hao Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); or (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-532-58957640 (Hailong Yu)
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