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Chandrakasan G, García-Trejo JF, Feregrino-Pérez AA, Aguirre-Becerra H, García ER, Nieto-Ramírez MI. Preliminary Screening on Antibacterial Crude Secondary Metabolites Extracted from Bacterial Symbionts and Identification of Functional Bioactive Compounds by FTIR, HPLC and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2024; 29:2914. [PMID: 38930979 PMCID: PMC11206551 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites, bioactive compounds produced by living organisms, can unveil symbiotic relationships in nature. In this study, soilborne entomopathogenic nematodes associated with symbiotic bacteria (Xenorhabdus stockiae and Photorhabdus luminescens) were extracted from solvent supernatant containing secondary metabolites, demonstrating significant inhibitory effects against E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilus, P. mirabilis, E. faecalis, and P. stutzeri. The characterization of these secondary metabolites by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy revealed amine groups of proteins, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of polyphenols, hydroxyl groups of polysaccharides, and carboxyl groups of organic acids. Furthermore, the obtained crude extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography for the basic identification of potential bioactive peptides. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of ethyl acetate extracts from Xenorhabdus stockiae identified major compounds including nonanoic acid derivatives, proline, paromycin, octodecanal derivatives, trioxa-5-aza-1-silabicyclo, 4-octadecenal, methyl ester, oleic acid, and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylicacid. Additional extraction from Photorhabdus luminescens yielded functional compounds such as indole-3-acetic acid, phthalic acid, 1-tetradecanol, nemorosonol, 1-eicosanol, and unsaturated fatty acids. These findings support the potential development of novel natural antimicrobial agents for future pathogen suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobinath Chandrakasan
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76010, Querétaro, Mexico; (A.A.F.-P.); (H.A.-B.); (E.R.G.); (M.I.N.-R.)
| | - Juan Fernando García-Trejo
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76010, Querétaro, Mexico; (A.A.F.-P.); (H.A.-B.); (E.R.G.); (M.I.N.-R.)
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Meng Y, Liu W, Liu H, Yu C. Role of Embinin in the reabsorption of nucleus pulposus in lumbar disc herniation: Promotion of nucleus pulposus neovascularization and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220878. [PMID: 38840893 PMCID: PMC11151393 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Reabsorption of the nucleus pulposus (NP) in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) refers to the natural absorption or even complete disappearance of LDH. In order to better treat LDH, it is necessary to further study its mechanism and develop new therapeutic drugs. Clematidis Radix Et Rhizoma is a ranunculus family plant which has multiple biological activities, and Embinin is one of its bioactive ingredients. However, its effects on LDH were unclear. In this study, the role of Embinin was investigated in LDH rat models. LDH model was established by lumbar epidural insertion of tail disc. Our results showed that Embinin promoted lumbar disc neovascularization, induced apoptosis of NP cells in LDH rats, and promoted lumbar disc resorption. Furthermore, mechanistic study showed that Embinin activated the cAMP pathway in the rat models. In conclusion, Embinin has the potential to serve as a drug for the treatment of LDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Meng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Massage, Wenzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wenzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wenzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 9 Jiaowei Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Chengwei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wenzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 9 Jiaowei Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
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Doose C, Hubas C. The metabolites of light: Untargeted metabolomic approaches bring new clues to understand light-driven acclimation of intertidal mudflat biofilm. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168692. [PMID: 38008320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The microphytobenthos (MPB), a microbial community of primary producers, play a key role in coastal ecosystem functioning, particularly in intertidal mudflats. These mudflats experience challenging variations of irradiance, forcing the micro-organisms to develop photoprotective mechanisms to survive and thrive in this dynamic environment. Two major adaptations to light are well described in literature: the excess of light energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and the vertical migration in the sediment. These mechanisms trigger considerable scientific interest, but the biological processes and metabolic mechanisms involved in light-driven vertical migration remain largely unknown. To our knowledge, this study investigates for the first time metabolomic responses of a migrational mudflat biofilm exposed for 30 min to a light gradient of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from 50 to 1000 μmol photons m-2 s-1. The untargeted metabolomic analysis allowed to identify metabolites involved in two types of responses to light irradiance levels. On the one hand, the production of SFAs and MUFAs, primarily derived from bacteria, indicates a healthy photosynthetic state of MPB under low light (LL; 50 and 100 PAR) and medium light (ML; 250 PAR) conditions. Conversely, when exposed to high light (HL; 500, 750 and 1000 PAR), the MPB experienced light-induced stress, triggering the production of alka(e)nes and fatty alcohols. The physiological and ecological roles of these compounds are poorly described in literature. This study sheds new light on the topic, as it suggests that these compounds may play a crucial and previously unexplored role in light-induced stress acclimation of migrational MPB biofilms. Since alka(e)nes are produced from FAs decarboxylation, these results thus emphasize for the first time the importance of FAs pathways in microphytobenthic biofilms acclimation to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Doose
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR BOREA, MNHN-CNRS-UCN-UPMC-IRD-UA, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau, France.
| | - Cédric Hubas
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR BOREA, MNHN-CNRS-UCN-UPMC-IRD-UA, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau, France.
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Kaale SE, Machangu RS, Lyimo TJ. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic diversity of actinomycetota species isolated from Lake Natron sediments at Arusha, Tanzania. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127543. [PMID: 37950928 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Soda lakes are naturally occurring ecosystems characterized by extreme environmental conditions especially high pH and salinity levels but harboring valuable microbial communities with medical and biotechnological potentials. Lake Natron is one of the soda lakes situated in eastern branch of the East African Gregory Rift valley, Tanzania. In this study, the taxonomy and phylogenetic diversity of Actinomycetota species were explored in Lake Natron using molecular techniques. The sequencing of their 16S rRNA gene resulted into 13 genera of phylum Actinomycetota namely Streptomyces, Microbacterium, Nocardiopsis, Gordonia, Dietzia, Micromonospora, Microcella, Pseudarthrobacter, Nocardioides, Actinotalea, Cellulomonas, Isoptericola, and Glutamicibacter. We describe for the first time, the isolation of Streptomyces lasalocidi, S. harbinensis, S. anthocyanicus, Microbacterium aureliae, Pseudarthrobacter sp., Nocardioides sp. and Glutamicibacter mishrai from soda lake habitats. It also reports for the first time, the isolation of Gordonia spp., Microcella sp. and Actinotalea sp. from an East African Soda Lake as well as isolation of S. pseudogriseolus, S. calidiresistens and Micromonospora spp. from a Tanzania soda lake. Furthermore, two putative novel species of the phylum Actinomycetota were identified. Given that Actinomycetota are known potential sources of important biotechnological compounds, we recommend the broadening of the scope of bioprospection in future to include the novel species from Lake Natron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadikiel E Kaale
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ifakara-Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Robert S Machangu
- Department of Microbiology, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ifakara-Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Thomas J Lyimo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Karthik Y, Kalyani MI, Krishnappa S, Ramakrishna K, Sayed SM, Aharthy OM, Alhelaify SS, Mushtaq M. Promising bioactive metabolites of mangrove inhabitant Streptomyces tauricus and prostate cancer PC3 cell inhibition by antimicrobial peptides. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1152985. [PMID: 37396348 PMCID: PMC10312093 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1152985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces is a group of microbes known for antibiotic production and has contributed to more than 70% of present commercially available antibiotics. These antibiotics are important in the management, protection, and treatment of chronic illnesses. In the present study, the isolated S. tauricus strain from mangrove soil in Mangalore, India (GenBank accession number: MW785875) was subjected for differential cultural characterization, phenotype involving brown pigmentation, filamentous mycelia, and ash-colored spore production was observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealing filamentous mycelia possessing a straight spore chain. Spores were visualized as elongated, rod-shaped, smooth surfaces with curved edges. After optimized growth conditions for S. tauricus on starch-casein agar medium, the GC/MS analysis of S. tauricus intracellular extract detected bioactive compounds reported for pharmacological applications. Analyzed using the NIST library, most of the bioactive compounds identified in intracellular extract had molecular weights of less than 1 kDa. On the PC3 cell line, the Sephadex G-10 partially purified eluted peak protein fraction demonstrated significant anticancer activity. The LCMS analysis revealed the presence of Tryprostatin B, Fumonisin B1, Microcystin LR, and Surfactin C with molecular weights below 1 kDa. This study found that small molecular weight microbial compounds are more effective in a variety of biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalpi Karthik
- Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjula Ishwara Kalyani
- Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivasa Krishnappa
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnaveni Ramakrishna
- Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari, Karnataka, India
| | - Samy M. Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohud Muslat Aharthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seham Sater Alhelaify
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muntazir Mushtaq
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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