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Zhang Y, Zhan L, Jiang X, Tang X. Comprehensive review for non-coding RNAs: From mechanisms to therapeutic applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116218. [PMID: 38643906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an assorted collection of transcripts that are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have gained prominence as crucial regulators of various biological functions across diverse cell types and tissues, and their abnormal functioning has been implicated in disease. Notably, extensive research has focused on the relationship between microRNAs (miRNAs) and human cancers, although other types of ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also emerging as significant contributors to human disease. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of our current knowledge regarding the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in cancer and other major human diseases, particularly cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, and infectious diseases. Moreover, we discuss the potential utilization of ncRNAs as disease biomarkers and as targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanJun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China
| | - Lijuan Zhan
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223005, China.
| | - Xiaozhu Tang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Wang LY, Xiao SJ, Kunimoto H, Tokunaga K, Kojima H, Kimura M, Yamamoto T, Yamamoto N, Zhao H, Nishio K, Tani T, Nakajima K, Sunami K, Inoue A. Sequestration of RBM10 in Nuclear Bodies: Targeting Sequences and Biological Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910526. [PMID: 34638866 PMCID: PMC8508765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RBM10 is an RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing (AS). It localizes to the extra-nucleolar nucleoplasm and S1-1 nuclear bodies (NBs) in the nucleus. We investigated the biological significance of this localization in relation to its molecular function. Our analyses, employing deletion mutants, revealed that RBM10 possesses two S1-1 NB-targeting sequences (NBTSs), one in the KEKE motif region and another in the C2H2 Zn finger (ZnF). These NBTSs act synergistically to localize RBM10 to S1-1 NBs. The C2H2 ZnF not only acts as an NBTS, but is also essential for AS regulation by RBM10. Moreover, RBM10 does not participate in S1-1 NB formation, and without alterations of RBM10 protein levels, its NB-localization changes, increasing as cellular transcriptional activity declines, and vice versa. These results indicate that RBM10 is a transient component of S1-1 NBs and is sequestered in NBs via its NBTSs when cellular transcription decreases. We propose that the C2H2 ZnF exerts its NB-targeting activity when RBM10 is unbound by pre-mRNAs, and that NB-localization of RBM10 is a mechanism to control its AS activity in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Wang
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (L.-Y.W.); (S.-J.X.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (H.Z.); (K.N.)
- Department of Human Genetics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Xiao
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (L.-Y.W.); (S.-J.X.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (H.Z.); (K.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hiroyuki Kunimoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (L.-Y.W.); (S.-J.X.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (H.Z.); (K.N.)
| | - Kazuaki Tokunaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (K.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Hirotada Kojima
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (L.-Y.W.); (S.-J.X.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (H.Z.); (K.N.)
| | - Masatsugu Kimura
- Radioisotope Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan;
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan;
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Center for Basic Medical Research, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara 324-8501, Japan;
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (L.-Y.W.); (S.-J.X.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (H.Z.); (K.N.)
| | - Koji Nishio
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan;
| | - Tokio Tani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; (K.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Koichi Nakajima
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (L.-Y.W.); (S.-J.X.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (H.Z.); (K.N.)
| | - Kishiko Sunami
- Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan;
| | - Akira Inoue
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (L.-Y.W.); (S.-J.X.); (H.K.); (H.K.); (H.Z.); (K.N.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan;
- Correspondence:
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