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Yu S, Zeng L, Rao F, Deng C, Zhang M, Xiao H, Xiao F, Xue Y, Wu S, Du Z, Wei W. High hydrostatic pressure participates in atrial fibrosis through the p300/p53/Smad3 pathway. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23324. [PMID: 38019188 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300473rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
As an independent risk factor of atrial fibrillation (AF), hypertension (HTN) can induce atrial fibrosis through cyclic stretch and hydrostatic pressure. The mechanism by which high hydrostatic pressure promotes atrial fibrosis is unclear yet. p300 and p53/Smad3 play important roles in the process of atrial fibrosis. This study investigated whether high hydrostatic pressure promotes atrial fibrosis by activating the p300/p53/Smad3 pathway. Biochemical experiments were used to study the expression of p300/p53/Smad3 pathway in left atrial appendage (LAA) tissues of patients with sinus rhythm (SR), AF, AF + HTN, and C57/BL6 mice, hypertensive C57/BL6 mice and atrial fibroblasts of mice. To investigate the roles of p300 and p53 in the process of atrial fibrosis, p300 and p53 in mice atrial fibroblasts were knocked in or knocked down, respectively. The expression of p300/p53/Smad3 and fibrotic factors was higher in patients with AF and AF + HTN than those with SR only. The expressions of p300/p53/Smad3 and fibrotic factors increased in hypertensive mice. Curcumin (Cur) and knocking down of p300 reversed the expressions of these factors. 40 mmHg hydrostatic pressure/overexpression of p300 upregulated the expressions of p300/p53/Smad3 and fibrotic factors in mice LAA fibroblasts. While Cur or knocking down p300 reversed these changes. Knocking down/overexpression of p53, the expressions of p53/Smad3 and fibrotic factors also decreased/increased, correspondingly. High hydrostatic pressure promotes atrial fibrosis by activating the p300/p53/Smad3 pathway, which further increases the susceptibility to AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghuan Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Long Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fang Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mengzhen Zhang
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haiyin Xiao
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shulin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Dongguan Tungwah Songshan Lake Hospital, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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2
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Shen J, Su X, Pan M, Wang Z, Ke Y, Wang Q, Dong J, Duan S. Current insights into the oncogenic roles of lncRNA LINC00355. CANCER INNOVATION 2023; 2:448-462. [PMID: 38125763 PMCID: PMC10730005 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of nonprotein-coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. LINC00355 is a lncRNA located on chromosome 13q21.31 and is consistently upregulated in various cancers. It regulates the expression of downstream genes at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, including eight microRNAs (miR-15a-5p, miR-34b-5p, miR-424-5p, miR-1225, miR-217-5p, miR-6777-3p, miR-195, and miR-466) and three protein-coding genes (ITGA2, RAD18, and UBE3C). LINC00355 plays a role in regulating various biological processes such as cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. It is involved in the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and p53 signaling pathway. Upregulation of LINC00355 has been identified as a high-risk factor in cancer patients and its increased expression is associated with poorer overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival. LINC00355 upregulation has been linked to several unfavorable clinical characteristics, including advanced tumor node metastasis and World Health Organization stages, reduced Karnofsky Performance Scale scores, increased tumor size, greater depth of invasion, and more extensive lymph node metastasis. LINC00355 induces chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells by regulating five downstream genes, namely HMGA2, ABCB1, ITGA2, WNT10B, and CCNE1 genes. In summary, LINC00355 is a potential oncogene with great potential as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinze Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xinming Su
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ming Pan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Zehua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yufei Ke
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qurui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jingyin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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3
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Sengupta S, Singh N, Paul A, Datta D, Chatterjee D, Mukherjee S, Gadhe L, Devi J, Mahesh Y, Jolly MK, Maji SK. p53 amyloid pathology is correlated with higher cancer grade irrespective of the mutant or wild-type form. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261017. [PMID: 37622400 PMCID: PMC7615089 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 (also known as TP53) mutation and amyloid formation are long associated with cancer pathogenesis; however, the direct demonstration of the link between p53 amyloid load and cancer progression is lacking. Using multi-disciplinary techniques and 59 tissues (53 oral and stomach cancer tumor tissue samples from Indian individuals with cancer and six non-cancer oral and stomach tissue samples), we showed that p53 amyloid load and cancer grades are highly correlated. Furthermore, next-generation sequencing (NGS) data suggest that not only mutant p53 (e.g. single-nucleotide variants, deletions, and insertions) but wild-type p53 also formed amyloids either in the nucleus (50%) and/or in the cytoplasm in most cancer tissues. Interestingly, in all these cancer tissues, p53 displays a loss of DNA-binding and transcriptional activities, suggesting that the level of amyloid load correlates with the degree of loss and an increase in cancer grades. The p53 amyloids also sequester higher amounts of the related p63 and p73 (also known as TP63 and TP73, respectively) protein in higher-grade tumor tissues. The data suggest p53 misfolding and/or aggregation, and subsequent amyloid formation, lead to loss of the tumor-suppressive function and the gain of oncogenic function, aggravation of which might determine the cancer grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjinee Sengupta
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ajoy Paul
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debalina Datta
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debdeep Chatterjee
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Semanti Mukherjee
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Laxmikant Gadhe
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Jyoti Devi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Yeshwanth Mahesh
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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Kumaraswamy A, Duan Z, Flores D, Zhang C, Sehrawat A, Hu YM, Swaim OA, Rodansky E, Storck WK, Kuleape JA, Bedi K, Mannan R, Wang XM, Udager A, Ravikumar V, Bankhead A, Coleman I, Lee JK, Morrissey C, Nelson PS, Chinnaiyan AM, Rao A, Xia Z, Yates JA, Alumkal JJ. LSD1 promotes prostate cancer reprogramming by repressing TP53 signaling independently of its demethylase function. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167440. [PMID: 37440313 PMCID: PMC10445684 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a histone demethylase that promotes stemness and cell survival in cancers such as prostate cancer. Most prostate malignancies are adenocarcinomas with luminal differentiation. However, some tumors undergo cellular reprogramming to a more lethal subset termed neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) with neuronal differentiation. The frequency of NEPC is increasing since the widespread use of potent androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Currently, there are no effective treatments for NEPC. We previously determined that LSD1 promotes survival of prostate adenocarcinoma tumors. However, the role of LSD1 in NEPC is unknown. Here, we determined that LSD1 is highly upregulated in NEPC versus adenocarcinoma patient tumors. LSD1 suppression with RNAi or allosteric LSD1 inhibitors - but not catalytic inhibitors - reduced NEPC cell survival. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that LSD1 represses pathways linked to luminal differentiation, and TP53 was the top reactivated pathway. We confirmed that LSD1 suppressed the TP53 pathway by reducing TP53 occupancy at target genes while LSD1's catalytic function was dispensable for this effect. Mechanistically, LSD1 inhibition disrupted LSD1-HDAC interactions, increasing histone acetylation at TP53 targets. Finally, LSD1 inhibition suppressed NEPC tumor growth in vivo. These findings suggest that blocking LSD1's noncatalytic function may be a promising treatment strategy for NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbarasu Kumaraswamy
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhi Duan
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Diana Flores
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Ya-Mei Hu
- Knight Cancer Institute and
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Olivia A. Swaim
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, and
| | - Eva Rodansky
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William K. Storck
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joshua A. Kuleape
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Karan Bedi
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aaron Udager
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Visweswaran Ravikumar
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Armand Bankhead
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ilsa Coleman
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John K. Lee
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter S. Nelson
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Arul M. Chinnaiyan
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Arvind Rao
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology and
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zheng Xia
- Knight Cancer Institute and
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joel A. Yates
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joshi J. Alumkal
- Department of Internal Medicine and
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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5
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Silva JL, Foguel D, Ferreira VF, Vieira TCRG, Marques MA, Ferretti GDS, Outeiro TF, Cordeiro Y, de Oliveira GAP. Targeting Biomolecular Condensation and Protein Aggregation against Cancer. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37379327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates, membrane-less entities arising from liquid-liquid phase separation, hold dichotomous roles in health and disease. Alongside their physiological functions, these condensates can transition to a solid phase, producing amyloid-like structures implicated in degenerative diseases and cancer. This review thoroughly examines the dual nature of biomolecular condensates, spotlighting their role in cancer, particularly concerning the p53 tumor suppressor. Given that over half of the malignant tumors possess mutations in the TP53 gene, this topic carries profound implications for future cancer treatment strategies. Notably, p53 not only misfolds but also forms biomolecular condensates and aggregates analogous to other protein-based amyloids, thus significantly influencing cancer progression through loss-of-function, negative dominance, and gain-of-function pathways. The exact molecular mechanisms underpinning the gain-of-function in mutant p53 remain elusive. However, cofactors like nucleic acids and glycosaminoglycans are known to be critical players in this intersection between diseases. Importantly, we reveal that molecules capable of inhibiting mutant p53 aggregation can curtail tumor proliferation and migration. Hence, targeting phase transitions to solid-like amorphous and amyloid-like states of mutant p53 offers a promising direction for innovative cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerson L Silva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Debora Foguel
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Tuane C R G Vieira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mayra A Marques
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Giulia D S Ferretti
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
- Scientific employee with an honorary contract at Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A P de Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
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6
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Kouroumalis E, Tsomidis I, Voumvouraki A. Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Interplay of Apoptosis and Autophagy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041166. [PMID: 37189787 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a multifactorial process that has not yet been fully investigated. Autophagy and apoptosis are two important cellular pathways that are critical for cell survival or death. The balance between apoptosis and autophagy regulates liver cell turnover and maintains intracellular homeostasis. However, the balance is often dysregulated in many cancers, including HCC. Autophagy and apoptosis pathways may be either independent or parallel or one may influence the other. Autophagy may either inhibit or promote apoptosis, thus regulating the fate of the liver cancer cells. In this review, a concise overview of the pathogenesis of HCC is presented, with emphasis on new developments, including the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress, the implication of microRNAs and the role of gut microbiota. The characteristics of HCC associated with a specific liver disease are also described and a brief description of autophagy and apoptosis is provided. The role of autophagy and apoptosis in the initiation, progress and metastatic potential is reviewed and the experimental evidence indicating an interplay between the two is extensively analyzed. The role of ferroptosis, a recently described specific pathway of regulated cell death, is presented. Finally, the potential therapeutic implications of autophagy and apoptosis in drug resistance are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kouroumalis
- Department of Gastroenterology, PAGNI University Hospital, University of Crete School of Medicine, 71500 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Crete Medical School, 71500 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsomidis
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Crete Medical School, 71500 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
| | - Argyro Voumvouraki
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece
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7
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Nagourney AJ, Gipoor JB, Evans SS, D’Amora P, Duesberg MS, Bernard PJ, Francisco F, Nagourney RA. Therapeutic Targeting of P53: A Comparative Analysis of APR-246 and COTI-2 in Human Tumor Primary Culture 3-D Explants. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030747. [PMID: 36981018 PMCID: PMC10048363 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer with loss of function mutations largely concentrated in “hotspots” affecting DNA binding. APR-246 and COTI-2 are small molecules under investigation in P53 mutated cancers. APR binds to P53 cysteine residues, altering conformation, while COTI-2 showed activity in P53 mutant tumors by a computational platform. We compared APR-246 and COTI-2 activity in human tumor explants from 247 surgical specimens. Methods: Ex vivo analyses of programmed cell death measured drug-induced cell death by delayed-loss-of-membrane integrity and ATP content. The LC50s were compared by Z-Score. Synergy was conducted by the method of Chou and Talalay, and correlations were performed by Pearson moment. Results: APR-246 and COTI-2 activity favored hematologic neoplasms, but solid tumor activity varied by diagnosis. COTI-2 and APR-246 activity did not correlate (R = 0.1028) (NS). COTI-2 activity correlated with nitrogen mustard, cisplatin and gemcitabine, doxorubicin and selumetinib, with a trend for APR-246 with doxorubicin. For ovarian cancer, COTI-2 showed synergy with cisplatin at 25%. Conclusions: COTI-2 and APR-246 activity differ by diagnosis. A lack of correlation supports distinct modes of action. Cisplatin synergy is consistent with P53’s role in DNA damage. Different mechanisms of action may underlie disease specificity and offer better disease targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Nagourney
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
| | - Joshua B. Gipoor
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
| | - Steven S. Evans
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
| | - Paulo D’Amora
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
- Molecular Gynecology Laboratory, Gynecology Department, College of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Pedro de Toledo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Max S. Duesberg
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
| | - Paula J. Bernard
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
| | - Federico Francisco
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
| | - Robert A. Nagourney
- Nagourney Cancer Institute, 750 E. 29th Street, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California Irvine (UCI), 101 The City Drive South, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(562)-989-6455
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8
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The chameleonic behavior of p53 in health and disease: the transition from a client to an aberrant condensate scaffold in cancer. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:1023-1033. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In 1972, the Weber statement, “The multiplicity of interactions and the variety of effects that follow from them show that multimer proteins are unlikely to be limited to a minimal number of allowed conformations,” first addressed the dynamic nature of proteins. This idea serves as a foundation for understanding why several macromolecules, such as p53, exhibit the properties of a molecular chameleon. Functionally competent states comprise a myriad of p53 three-dimensional arrangements depending on the stimuli. For instance, the interaction of p53 with nuclear components could induce liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) and the formation of membraneless organelles. The functional or deleterious role of p53 in liquid droplets is still unclear. Functional aspects display p53 interconverting between droplets and tetramer with its functional abilities maintained. In contrast, the aberrant phase separation is likely to fuel the aggregation path, usually associated with the onset and progression of age-related neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Here, we gathered the most relevant aspects that lead p53 to phase separation and the resulting structural effects, attempting to understand p53’s functional and disease-relevant processes. Aberrant phase separation and aggregation of mutant p53 have become important therapeutic targets against cancer.
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