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Wang M, Deng Y, Liu Y, Suo T, Guo B, Eickhoff SB, Xu J, Rao H. The common and distinct brain basis associated with adult and adolescent risk-taking behavior: Evidence from the neuroimaging meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 160:105607. [PMID: 38428473 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Risk-taking is a common, complex, and multidimensional behavior construct that has significant implications for human health and well-being. Previous research has identified the neural mechanisms underlying risk-taking behavior in both adolescents and adults, yet the differences between adolescents' and adults' risk-taking in the brain remain elusive. This study firstly employs a comprehensive meta-analysis approach that includes 73 adult and 20 adolescent whole-brain experiments, incorporating observations from 1986 adults and 789 adolescents obtained from online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Neurosynth. It then combines functional decoding methods to identify common and distinct brain regions and corresponding psychological processes associated with risk-taking behavior in these two cohorts. The results indicated that the neural bases underlying risk-taking behavior in both age groups are situated within the cognitive control, reward, and sensory networks. Subsequent contrast analysis revealed that adolescents and adults risk-taking engaged frontal pole within the fronto-parietal control network (FPN), but the former recruited more ventrolateral area and the latter recruited more dorsolateral area. Moreover, adolescents' risk-taking evoked brain area activity within the ventral attention network (VAN) and the default mode network (DMN) compared with adults, consistent with the functional decoding analyses. These findings provide new insights into the similarities and disparities of risk-taking neural substrates underlying different age cohorts, supporting future neuroimaging research on the dynamic changes of risk-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China; Business School, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Bowen Guo
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jing Xu
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research & Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Compagne C, Mayer JT, Gabriel D, Comte A, Magnin E, Bennabi D, Tannou T. Adaptations of the balloon analog risk task for neuroimaging settings: a systematic review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1237734. [PMID: 37790591 PMCID: PMC10544912 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1237734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART), a computerized behavioral paradigm, is one of the most common tools used to assess the risk-taking propensity of an individual. Since its initial behavioral version, the BART has been adapted to neuroimaging technique to explore brain networks of risk-taking behavior. However, while there are a variety of paradigms adapted to neuroimaging to date, no consensus has been reached on the best paradigm with the appropriate parameters to study the brain during risk-taking assessed by the BART. In this review of the literature, we aimed to identify the most appropriate BART parameters to adapt the initial paradigm to neuroimaging and increase the reliability of this tool. Methods A systematic review focused on the BART versions adapted to neuroimaging was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results A total of 105 articles with 6,879 subjects identified from the PubMed database met the inclusion criteria. The BART was adapted in four neuroimaging techniques, mostly in functional magnetic resonance imaging or electroencephalography settings. Discussion First, to adapt the BART to neuroimaging, a delay was included between each trial, the total number of inflations was reduced between 12 and 30 pumps, and the number of trials was increased between 80 and 100 balloons, enabling us to respect the recording constraints of neuroimaging. Second, explicit feedback about the balloon burst limited the decisions under ambiguity associated with the first trials. Third, employing an outcome index that provides more informative measures than the standard average pump score, along with a model incorporating an exponential monotonic increase in explosion probability and a maximum explosion probability between 50 and 75%, can yield a reliable estimation of risk profile. Additionally, enhancing participant motivation can be achieved by increasing the reward in line with the risk level and implementing payment based on their performance in the BART. Although there is no universal adaptation of the BART to neuroimaging, and depending on the objectives of a study, an adjustment of parameters optimizes its evaluation and clinical utility in assessing risk-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Compagne
- UR LINC, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- CIC-1431 INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon, France
| | - Juliana Teti Mayer
- UR LINC, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Centre Département de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon, France
| | - Damien Gabriel
- UR LINC, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- CIC-1431 INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon, France
- Plateforme de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle Neuraxess, Besançon, France
| | - Alexandre Comte
- UR LINC, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Centre Département de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon, France
| | - Eloi Magnin
- UR LINC, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- CHU Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- UR LINC, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Centre Département de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon, France
- Centre Expert Dépression Résistante Fondamentale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Besançon, France
| | - Thomas Tannou
- UR LINC, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Plateforme de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle Neuraxess, Besançon, France
- CIUSS Centre-Sud de l’Ile de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Tisdall L, Mata R. Age differences in the neural basis of decision-making under uncertainty. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 23:788-808. [PMID: 36890341 PMCID: PMC10390623 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Humans globally are reaping the benefits of longer lives. Yet, longer life spans also require engaging with consequential but often uncertain decisions well into old age. Previous research has yielded mixed findings with regards to life span differences in how individuals make decisions under uncertainty. One factor contributing to the heterogeneity of findings is the diversity of paradigms that cover different aspects of uncertainty and tap into different cognitive and affective mechanisms. In this study, 175 participants (53.14% females, mean age = 44.9 years, SD = 19.0, age range = 16 to 81) completed functional neuroimaging versions of two prominent paradigms in this area, the Balloon Analogue Risk Task and the Delay Discounting Task. Guided by neurobiological accounts of age-related changes in decision-making under uncertainty, we examined age effects on neural activation differences in decision-relevant brain structures, and compared these across multiple contrasts for the two paradigms using specification curve analysis. In line with theoretical predictions, we find age differences in nucleus accumbens, anterior insula, and medial prefrontal cortex, but the results vary across paradigm and contrasts. Our results are in line with existing theories of age differences in decision making and their neural substrates, yet also suggest the need for a broader research agenda that considers how both individual and task characteristics determine the way humans deal with uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreen Tisdall
- Center for Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 60-62, 4055, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Rui Mata
- Center for Cognitive and Decision Sciences, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 60-62, 4055, Basel, Switzerland
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Ren P, Hou G, Ma M, Zhuang Y, Huang J, Tan M, Wu D, Luo G, Zhang Z, Rong H. Enhanced putamen functional connectivity underlies altered risky decision-making in age-related cognitive decline. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6619. [PMID: 37095127 PMCID: PMC10126002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Risky decision-making is critical to survival and development, which has been compromised in elderly populations. However, the neural substrates of altered financial risk-taking behavior in aging are still under-investigated. Here we examined the intrinsic putamen network in modulating risk-taking behaviors of Balloon Analogue Risk Task in healthy young and older adults using resting-state fMRI. Compared with the young group, the elderly group showed significantly different task performance. Based on the task performance, older adults were further subdivided into two subgroups, showing young-like and over-conservative risk behaviors, regardless of cognitive decline. Compared with young adults, the intrinsic pattern of putamen connectivity was significantly different in over-conservative older adults, but not in young-like older adults. Notably, age-effects on risk behaviors were mediated via the putamen functional connectivity. In addition, the putamen gray matter volume showed significantly different relationships with risk behaviors and functional connectivity in over-conservative older adults. Our findings suggest that reward-based risky behaviors might be a sensitive indicator of brain aging, highlighting the critical role of the putamen network in maintaining optimal risky decision-making in age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ren
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Gangqiang Hou
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Manxiu Ma
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuchuan Zhuang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jiayin Huang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiling Tan
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Donghui Wu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhi Luo
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Han Rong
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Cui L, Ye M, Sun L, Zhang S, He G. Common and Distinct Neural Correlates of Intertemporal and Risky Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical Evidence for the Dual-System Theory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104851. [PMID: 36058404 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between intertemporal and risky decision-making has received considerable attention in decision research. Single-process theories suggest that choices involving delay and risk are simply two manifestations of the same psychological mechanism, which implies similar patterns of neural activation. Conversely, the dual-system theory suggests that delayed and risky choices are two contrasting types of processes, which implies distinct brain networks. How these two types of choices relate to each other remains unclear. The current study addressed this issue by performing a meta-analysis of 28 intertemporal decision-making studies (862 subjects) and 51 risky decision-making studies (1539 subjects). We found no common area activated in the conjunction analysis of the delayed and risky rewards. Based on the contrast analysis, delayed rewards were associated with stronger activation in the left dorsal insula, while risky rewards were associated with activation in the bilateral ventral striatum and the right anterior insula. The results align with the dual-system theory with separate neural networks for delayed and risky rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Cui
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China; College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shunmin Zhang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
| | - Guibing He
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
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Neural Activation in Risky Decision-Making Tasks in Healthy Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of fMRI Data. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081043. [PMID: 34439662 PMCID: PMC8393360 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Decision making is a complex cognitive phenomenon commonly used in everyday life. Studies have shown differences in behavioral strategies in risky decision-making tasks over the course of aging. The development of functional neuroimaging has gradually allowed the exploration of the neurofunctional bases of these behaviors. The purpose of our study was to carry out a meta-analysis on the neural networks underlying risky decision making in healthy older adults. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched for fMRI studies of decision making in older adults using risky decision-making tasks. To perform the quantitative meta-analysis, we used the revised version of the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) algorithm. A total of 620 references were selected for initial screening. Among these, five studies with a total of 98 cognitively normal older participants (mean age: 69.5 years) were included. The meta-analysis yielded two clusters. Main activations were found in the right insula, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Despite the limited number of studies included, our meta-analysis highlights the crucial involvement of circuits associated with both emotion regulation and the decision to act. However, in contrast to the literature on young adults, our results indicate a different pattern of hemispheric lateralization in older participants. These activations can be used as a minimum pattern of activation in the risky decision-making tasks of healthy older subjects.
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Tisdall L, Frey R, Horn A, Ostwald D, Horvath L, Pedroni A, Rieskamp J, Blankenburg F, Hertwig R, Mata R. Brain-Behavior Associations for Risk Taking Depend on the Measures Used to Capture Individual Differences. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:587152. [PMID: 33281576 PMCID: PMC7705248 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.587152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive risk taking can have severe individual and societal consequences; thus, individual differences are prominent targets for intervention and prevention. Although brain activation has been shown to be associated with individual differences in risk taking, the directionality of the reported brain-behavior associations is less clear. Here, we argue that one aspect contributing to the mixed results is the low convergence between risk-taking measures, especially between the behavioral tasks used to elicit neural functional markers. To address this question, we analyzed within-participant neuroimaging data for two widely used risk-taking tasks collected from the imaging subsample of the Basel-Berlin Risk Study (N = 116 young human adults). Focusing on core brain regions implicated in risk taking (nucleus accumbens, anterior insula, and anterior cingulate cortex), for the two tasks, we examined group-level activation for risky versus safe choices, as well as associations between local functional markers and various risk-related outcomes, including psychometrically derived risk preference factors. While we observed common group-level activation in the two tasks (notably increased nucleus accumbens activation), individual differences analyses support the idea that the presence and directionality of associations between brain activation and risk taking varies as a function of the risk-taking measures used to capture individual differences. Our results have methodological implications for the use of brain markers for intervention or prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreen Tisdall
- Center for Cognitive and Decision Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Renato Frey
- Center for Cognitive and Decision Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Horn
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Section, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Ostwald
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lilla Horvath
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Pedroni
- Methods of Plasticity Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Rieskamp
- Center for Economic Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Blankenburg
- Neurocomputation and Neuroimaging, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Hertwig
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rui Mata
- Center for Cognitive and Decision Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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The Age-related Neural Strategy Alterations in Decision Making Under Risk. Neuroscience 2020; 440:30-38. [PMID: 32445937 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that aging is associated with changes in decision behavior. However, the neural mechanisms that underpin such age differences are inadequately understood. In this study, we aim to characterize the optimal neural model underlying a dynamic decision making task in both young and older adults, and further examine the age differences from the perspective of effective connectivity. Twenty-five young and 23 older adults performed a dynamic risk taking task, i.e., the balloon analogue risk task, in the functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The dynamic causal modeling analysis, with the coupling between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior insula (AI) that were identified in our task-related activation and psychophysiological interaction analysis, was performed to address the best fitting neural model and characterize age differences. Although both age groups adopted the same optimal model with bidirectional connection between the VMPFC and DLPFC, older adults exhibited up-regulation in several connections and among which the increased modulatory effect of AI-to-VMPFC subserving their decision quality. Our finding suggests that older adults might utilize different neural strategy via compensation to counteract the impact of advanced age in risk taking process.
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Yu J, Li R, Guo Y, Fang F, Duan S, Lei X. Resting-State Functional Connectivity Within Medial Prefrontal Cortex Mediates Age Differences in Risk Taking. Dev Neuropsychol 2017; 42:187-197. [PMID: 28471240 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2017.1306529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the association between age-related changes in risk taking and resting-state functional activity, we recorded resting-state scans from both young (n = 26) and older adults (n = 27). In addition, all participants completed two decision-making tasks: the Cambridge Gambling Task and the Balloon Analogue Risk Task. We found that older adults showed decreased functional connectivity within the medial prefrontal cortex, particularly between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, these changes in resting-state functional connectivity were associated with the individuals' risk-taking behavior, and mediated the influence of age on risk taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- a Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Rui Li
- b Key Laboratory of Mental Health , Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yuhua Guo
- c MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit , Cambridge , United Kingdom.,d University of Cambridge , The Old Schools , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Fang Fang
- e Department of Neurology , The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing , Chongqing , China
| | - Suhuan Duan
- f School of Psychology , Beijing Normal University , Beijing , China
| | - Xu Lei
- a Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
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