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Li W, Wu T, Zhu K, Ba G, Liu J, Zhou P, Li S, Wang L, Liu H, Ren W, Yu H, Yu Y. A single-cell transcriptomic census of mammalian olfactory epithelium aging. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00482-9. [PMID: 39173624 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian olfactory epithelium has the capacity of self-renewal throughout life. Aging is one of the major causes leading to the olfactory dysfunction. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on young and aged murine olfactory epithelium (OE) and identified aging-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) throughout 21 cell types. Aging led to the presence of activated horizontal basal cells (HBCs) in the OE and promoted cellular interaction between HBCs and neutrophils. Aging enhanced the expression of Egr1 and Fos in sustentacular cell differentiation from multipotent progenitors, whereas Bcl11b was downregulated during the sensory neuronal homeostasis in the aged OE. Egr1 and Cebpb were predictive core regulatory factors of the transcriptional network in the OE. Overexpression of Egr1 in aged OE organoids promoted cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Moreover, aging altered expression levels and frequencies of olfactory receptors. These findings provide a cellular and molecular framework of OE aging at the single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Li
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Olfactory Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kesen Zhu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guangyi Ba
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jinxia Liu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shengjv Li
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Li Wang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huanhai Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenwen Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongmeng Yu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Olfactory Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yiqun Yu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Olfactory Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Rouleau N, Murugan NJ, Kaplan DL. Functional bioengineered models of the central nervous system. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2023; 1:252-270. [PMID: 37064657 PMCID: PMC9903289 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The functional complexity of the central nervous system (CNS) is unparalleled in living organisms. Its nested cells, circuits and networks encode memories, move bodies and generate experiences. Neural tissues can be engineered to assemble model systems that recapitulate essential features of the CNS and to investigate neurodevelopment, delineate pathophysiology, improve regeneration and accelerate drug discovery. In this Review, we discuss essential structure-function relationships of the CNS and examine materials and design considerations, including composition, scale, complexity and maturation, of cell biology-based and engineering-based CNS models. We highlight region-specific CNS models that can emulate functions of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, spinal cord, neural-X interfaces and other regions, and investigate a range of applications for CNS models, including fundamental and clinical research. We conclude with an outlook to future possibilities of CNS models, highlighting the engineering challenges that remain to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rouleau
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA USA
| | - Nirosha J. Murugan
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA USA
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA USA
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Hu B, Zhang J, Gong M, Deng Y, Cao Y, Xiang Y, Ye D. Research Progress of Olfactory Nerve Regeneration Mechanism and Olfactory Training. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2022; 18:185-195. [PMID: 35281777 PMCID: PMC8906848 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s354695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory nerve (ON) is the only cranial nerve exposed to the external environment. Hence, it is susceptible to damage from head trauma, viral infection, inflammatory stimulation, and chemical toxins, which can lead to olfactory dysfunction. However, compared with all other cranial nerves, the ON is unique due to its inherent ability to regenerate. This characteristic provides a theoretical basis for treatment of olfactory dysfunction. Olfactory training (OT) is one of the main treatments for olfactory dysfunction. It is easy to apply and has few side-effects, and has been shown to be efficacious for patients with olfactory dysfunction of various causes. To further understand the application value of ON regeneration and OT on olfactory dysfunction, we review the research progress on the mechanism of ON regeneration and OT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ninghai First Hospital, Ningbo, 315699, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujie Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Dong Ye, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13819861213, Fax +86 574-87392232, Email
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Borlongan MC, Farooq J, Sadanandan N, Wang ZJ, Cozene B, Lee JY, Steinberg GK. Stem Cells for Aging-Related Disorders. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2054-2058. [PMID: 34374944 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This review captures recent advances in biological and translational research on stem cells. In particular, we discuss new discoveries and concepts regarding stem cell treatment of aging-related disorders. A myriad of stem cell sources exists, from hematopoietic to mesenchymal and neural cell lineages. We examine current applications of exogenous adult bone marrow-derived stem cells as an effective and safe transplantable cell source, as well as the use of electrical stimulation to promote endogenous neurogenesis for Parkinson's disease. We also explore the potential of transplanting exogenous umbilical cord blood cells and mobilizing host resident stem cells in vascular dementia and aging. In addition, we assess the ability of small molecules to recruit resident stem cells in Alzheimer's disease. Finally, we evaluate mechanisms of action recently implicated in stem cell therapy, such as the role of long non-coding RNAs, G-protein coupled receptor 5, and NeuroD1. Our goal is to provide a synopsis of recent milestones regarding the application of stem cells in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia C Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jeffrey Farooq
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Nadia Sadanandan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Zhen-Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Blaise Cozene
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Gary K Steinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery and Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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