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Zhao T, Li Q, Wang X, Tang B, Zhang X, Yu H, Li Z. Time-dependent effects of high-fat diet on cognition and cerebral insulin signaling: Window for recovery and potential therapeutic target. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111955. [PMID: 38852746 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
While high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is a major threat to global public health, the effect of HFD on cognition and insulin signaling during ageing remains controversial. The aim of this study was to characterize the dynamic alterations in cognition and cerebral insulin signaling during 6-month HFD consumption, and to investigate the potential therapeutic target and optimal timing to rescue obesity-related cognitive deficits. In the present study, impaired memory retention induced by 2-month HFD was recovered after 4 months on HFD. Prolonged (6-month) HFD did not further enhance tau hyperphosphorylation and β-amyloid deposition, which was consistent with the alleviation of memory retention. In brain insulin signaling, 2-month HFD increased IRS-1 and p-IRS-1(Ser307)/IRS-1, while decreasing pAKT(Ser473)/AKT, PI3K and mTOR; 4-month HFD decreased IRS-1 and pAKT(Ser473)/AKT, while increasing AKT; 6-month HFD increased IRS-1, pAKT(Ser473)/AKT, and mTOR, while decreasing p-IRS-1(Ser307)/IRS-1, PI3K and AKT. Notably, bioinformatic analysis revealed a rhythmic process presented only in 4-month HFD group, with Srebf1 emerging as a link between circadian rhythms and insulin signaling pathway. These results suggest that prolonged HFD prevents further cognitive decline and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathologies during ageing. Moreover, there may be a window for recovery, in which Srebf1 acts as a self-recovery switch to address obesity-related cognitive disorders in elders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Jena A, Montoya CA, Young W, Mullaney JA, Roy D, Dilger RN, Giezenaar C, McNabb WC, Roy NC. The effects of ruminant milk treatments on hippocampal, striatal, and prefrontal cortex gene expression in pigs as a model for the human infant. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:937845. [PMID: 36046471 PMCID: PMC9421158 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.937845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While infant formula is usually bovine milk-based, interest in other ruminant milk-based formulas is growing. However, whether different ruminant milk treatments with varying nutrient compositions influence the infant’s brain development remains unknown. The aim was to determine the effects of consuming bovine, caprine, or ovine milk on brain gene expression in the early postnatal period using a pig model of the human infant. Starting at postnatal day 7 or 8, pigs were exclusively fed bovine, ovine, or caprine milk for 15 days. The mRNA abundance of 77 genes in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum regions was measured at postnatal day 21 or 22 using NanoString. The expression level of two hippocampal and nine striatal genes was most affected by milk treatments, particularly ovine milk. These modulatory genes are involved in glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, adrenaline and neurotrophin signaling and the synaptic vesicle cycle. The expression level of genes involved in gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling was associated with pigs’ lactose intake. In contrast, milk treatments did not affect the mRNA abundance of the genes in the prefrontal cortex. This study provides the first evidence of the association of different ruminant milk treatments with brain gene expression related to cognitive function in the first 3 months of postnatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Jena
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Carlos A. Montoya
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane A. Mullaney
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Debashree Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ryan N. Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Caroline Giezenaar
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Food Experience and Sensory Testing (FEAST) Laboratory, School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Warren C. McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Nicole C. Roy,
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