1
|
Yu T, Xing Y, Gao Q, Wang D, Chen H, Wang H, Zhang Y. Ginkgo biloba Extract Drives Gut Flora and Microbial Metabolism Variation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2746. [PMID: 38140087 PMCID: PMC10747232 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that medications that regulate the "brain-gut" axis can ameliorate disease symptoms of AD. Studies have shown that Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) is involved in intestinal metabolism to meet the goal of illness treatment. EGb is currently utilized extensively in the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the regulatory effect of EGb on intestinal flora and its metabolites in AD pathology remains largely speculative. In this study, the Morris water maze test showed a significant improvement of spatial memory in the AD mouse model (APP/PS1 mice) after EGb treatment. We next confirmed the positive effects of EGb on the gut flora and metabolites of APP/PS1 mice and further showed that EGb treatment reshaped the disturbed gut microbiome, in particular by reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio and increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Uroviricota, Streptophyta, and Spirochaetes. Meanwhile, a non-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that EGb treatment significantly reversed the dysfunction of the microbial metabolic phenotype by altering Limosilactobacillus and Parvibacte, with 300 differential metabolites modulated (131 up-regulated, 169 down-regulated). Our findings highlight the significant regulatory impact of EGb on intestinal microflora and microbial metabolism in AD mice models and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (T.Y.); (Q.G.)
| | - Yueyang Xing
- SPH XingLing Sci. & Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.X.); (D.W.)
| | - Qi Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (T.Y.); (Q.G.)
- SPH XingLing Sci. & Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.X.); (D.W.)
| | - Dandan Wang
- SPH XingLing Sci. & Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.X.); (D.W.)
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (T.Y.); (Q.G.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu J, Shi L, Su Y. A rs-fMRI study of functional connectivity changes between thalamus and postcentral gyrus in patients with neuropathic pain after brachial plexus avulsion. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 235:108021. [PMID: 37898030 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuropathic pain (NPP) after brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) is common and difficult to cure, and thalamus and postcentral gyrus have been accepted to be the key nodes of mechanisms and pathways for pain. However, little attention has been paid on the thalamus-postcentral gyrus functional connectivity changes in NP patients after BPA. METHODS Eighteen patients with NPP after BPA and twenty age and gender matched healthy controls were enrolled and underwent resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scans in this study. The Pearson's r-value of functional connection (bilateral thalamus and postcentral gyrus as regions of interest) was generated and examined using two sample t-test. The linear regression analysis was used to select possible related factors, and multiple linear regression of the possible predictors was used to identify the variables that significantly predicted Visual Analogue Score (VAS). RESULTS The standardized Pearson r-values of the left thalamus-right thalamus, left thalamus-left postcentral gyrus, left thalamus-right postcentral gyrus, right thalamus-left postcentral gyrus and right thalamus-right postcentral gyrus in the control group were 0.759 ± 0.242, 0.358 ± 0.297, 0.383 ± 0.270, 0.317 ± 0.295 and 0.333 ± 0.304, respectively. And the corresponding standardized Pearson r-values in patients group were 0.510 ± 0.224,0.305 ± 0.212,0.281 ± 0.225,0.333 ± 0.193 and 0.333 ± 0.210, respectively. The functional connectivity strength of the left thalamus-right thalamus in control group was significantly higher than that in the patients group (P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that the functional connectivity strength of the left thalamus-right thalamus was negatively correlated with the patients' VAS score (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS NPP patients after BPA had a significant pain-related bilateral thalamus functional connection reorganization, with the purpose to limit the pain signal inputs within the unilateral cerebral hemisphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yibing Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Q, Bi Y, Yan W, Wu S, Xia T, Wang Y, Huang S, Zhou C, Xie S, Kuang S, Kong W, Lv Z. Abnormal voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity in first-episode major depressive disorder using fMRI: a machine learning approach. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1241670. [PMID: 37766927 PMCID: PMC10520785 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1241670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the interhemispheric information synergy ability of the brain in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients by applying the voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method and further explore the potential clinical diagnostic value of VMHC metric by a machine learning approach. Methods 52 healthy controls and 48 first-episode MDD patients were recruited in the study. We performed neuropsychological tests and resting-state fMRI scanning on all subjects. The VMHC values of the symmetrical interhemispheric voxels in the whole brain were calculated. The VMHC alterations were compared between two groups, and the relationship between VMHC values and clinical variables was analyzed. Then, abnormal brain regions were selected as features to conduct the classification model by using the support vector machine (SVM) approach. Results Compared to the healthy controls, MDD patients exhibited decreased VMHC values in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, medial superior frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus. Furthermore, the VMHC value of the bilateral fusiform gyrus was positively correlated with the total Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Moreover, SVM analysis displayed that a combination of all clusters demonstrated the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87 with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values of 86.17%, 76.74%, and 94.12%, respectively. Conclusion MDD patients had reduced functional connectivity in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, medial superior frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus, which may be related to depressive symptoms. The abnormality in these brain regions could represent potential imaging markers to distinguish MDD patients from healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmeng Bi
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Weixin Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Xia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuying Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Kuang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Kong
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin Z, Wang Z, Li Y, Zhou J, Chen Z, Xia M, Zhang X, Wu J, Zhao L, Liang F. Neuroimaging studies of acupuncture on Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:63. [PMID: 36823586 PMCID: PMC9948384 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03888-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture effectively improves cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many neuroimaging studies have found significant brain alterations after acupuncture treatment of AD, but the underlying central modulation mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVE This review aims to provide neuroimaging evidence to understand the central mechanisms of acupuncture in patients with AD. METHODS Relevant neuroimaging studies about acupuncture for AD were retrieved from eight English and Chinese medicine databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, WF, VIP) and other resources from inception of databases until June 1, 2022, and their methodological quality was assessed using RoB 2.0 and ROBINS - I. Brain neuroimaging information was extracted to investigate the potential neural mechanism of acupuncture for AD. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. RESULTS Thirteen neuroimaging studies involving 275 participants were included in this review, and the overall methodological quality of included studies was moderate. The approaches applied included task-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (ts-fMRI; n = 9 studies) and rest-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI; n = 4 studies). All studies focused on the instant effect of acupuncture on the brains of AD participants, including the cingulate gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and cerebellum, indicating that acupuncture may regulate the default mode, central executive, and frontoparietal networks. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of the neural mechanisms underlying the effect of acupuncture on AD involving cognitive- and motor-associated networks. However, this evidence is still in the preliminary investigation stage. Large-scale, well-designed, multimodal neuroimaging trials are still required to provide comprehensive insight into the central mechanism underlying the effect of acupuncture on AD. (Systematic review registration at PROSPERO, No. CRD42022331527).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yin
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XSchool of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China ,Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- grid.517561.1the Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqin Li
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XSchool of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XSchool of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenghong Chen
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XSchool of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China ,Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Manze Xia
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XSchool of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China ,Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XSchool of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China ,Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajing Wu
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fanrong Liang
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Matsui T, Yamashita KI. Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease and Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Brain Connect 2022. [PMID: 35994384 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2022.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, numerous studies have documented various alterations in resting brain activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neuropsychiatric diseases. In particular, disease-related alterations of functional connectivity (FC) in the resting state networks (RSN) have been documented. Altered FC in RSN is useful not only for interpreting the phenotype of diseases but also for diagnosing the diseases. More recently, several studies proposed the dynamics of resting-brain activity as a useful marker for detecting altered RSNs related to AD and other diseases. In contrast to previous studies, which focused on FC calculated using an entire fMRI scan (static FC), these newer studies focused the on temporal dynamics of FC within the scan (dynamic FC) to provide more sensitive measures to characterize RSNs. However, despite the increasing popularity of dFC, several studies cautioned that the results obtained in commonly used analyses for dFC require careful interpretation. In this mini-review, we review recent studies exploring alterations of static and dynamic functional connectivity in AD and other neuropsychiatric diseases. We then discuss how to utilize and interpret dFC for studying resting brain activity in diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teppei Matsui
- Okayama University - Tsushima Campus, Tsushima-kita 1-1-1, Okayama, Japan, 700-8530;
| | | |
Collapse
|