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Hu D, Chen M, Li X, Morin P, Daley S, Han Y, Hemberg M, Weiner HL, Xia W. ApoE ε4-dependent alteration of CXCR3 + CD127 + CD4 + T cells is associated with elevated plasma neurofilament light chain in Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.28.596276. [PMID: 38853824 PMCID: PMC11160665 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.28.596276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Recent findings indicate a correlation between the peripheral adaptive immune system and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To characterize the composition of adaptive immune cells in the peripheral blood of AD patients, we utilized single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) to profile peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Concurrently, we assessed the concentration of proteins associated with AD and neuroinflammation in the plasma of the same subjects. We found that the abundance of proinflammatory CXCR3 + CD127 + Type 1 T helper (Th1) cells in AD patients was negatively correlated with the abundance of neurofilament light chain (NfL) protein. This correlation is apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4-dependent. Analyzing public single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, we found that, contrary to the scenario in the peripheral blood, the cell frequency of CXCR3 + CD127 + Th1 cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients was increased compared to healthy controls (HCs). Moreover, the proinflammatory capacity of CXCR3 + CD127 + Th1 cells in the CSF of AD patients was further increased compared to HCs. These results reveal an association of a peripheral T-cell change with neuroinflammation in AD and suggest that dysregulation of peripheral adaptive immune responses, particularly involving CXCR3 + CD127 + Th1 cells, may potentially be mediated by factors such as ApoE ε4 genotype. One sentence summary An apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4-dependent alteration of CD4 T cell subpopulation in peripheral blood is associated with neuroinflammation in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
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Kong Q, Liu C, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang R, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Cui F. Nucleic acid aptamer-based electrochemical sensor for the detection of serum P-tau231 and the instant screening test of Alzheimer's disease. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:328. [PMID: 38743383 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The instant screening of patients with a tendency towards developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) is significant for providing preventive measures and treatment. However, the current imaging-based technology cannot meet the requirements in the early stage. Developing biosensor-based liquid biopsy technology could be overcoming this bottleneck problem. Herein, we developed a simple, low-cost, and sensitive electrochemical aptamer biosensor for detecting phosphorylated tau protein threonine 231 (P-tau231), the earliest and one of the most efficacious abnormally elevated biomarkers of AD. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were electrochemically synthesized on a glassy carbon electrode as the transducer, exhibiting excellent conductivity, and were applied to amplify the electrochemical signal. A nucleic acid aptamer was designed as the receptor to capture the P-tau231 protein, specifically through the formation of an aptamer-antigen complex. The proposed biosensor showed excellent sensitivity in detecting P-tau 231, with a broad linear detection range from 10 to 107 pg/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.31 pg/mL. The recoveries of the biosensor in human serum ranged from 97.59 to 103.26%, demonstrating that the biosensor could be used in complex practical samples. In addition, the results showed that the developed biosensor has good repeatability, reproducibility, and stability, which provides a novel method for the early screening of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- The Heilongjiang Provincial Joint Laboratory of Basic Medicine and Multiple Organ System Diseases (International Cooperation), Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Chunhan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yanlin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yifan He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ruiting Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
- The Heilongjiang Provincial Joint Laboratory of Basic Medicine and Multiple Organ System Diseases (International Cooperation), Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
| | - Feiyun Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
- The Heilongjiang Provincial Joint Laboratory of Basic Medicine and Multiple Organ System Diseases (International Cooperation), Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
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Lehmann S, Schraen-Maschke S, Vidal JS, Delaby C, Buee L, Blanc F, Paquet C, Allinquant B, Bombois S, Gabelle A, Hanon O. Clinical value of plasma ALZpath pTau217 immunoassay for assessing mild cognitive impairment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024:jnnp-2024-333467. [PMID: 38658136 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2024-333467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), pTau181 and pTau217 are the most promising. However, transition from research to routine clinical use will require confirmation of clinical performance in prospective cohorts and evaluation of cofounding factors. METHOD pTau181 and pTau217 were quantified using, Quanterix and ALZpath, SIMOA assays in the well-characterised prospective multicentre BALTAZAR (Biomarker of AmyLoid pepTide and AlZheimer's diseAse Risk) cohort of participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). RESULTS Among participants with MCI, 55% were Aβ+ and 29% developed dementia due to AD. pTau181 and pTau217 were higher in the Aβ+ population with fold change of 1.5 and 2.7, respectively. MCI that converted to AD also had higher levels than non-converters, with HRs of 1.38 (1.26 to 1.51) for pTau181 compared with 8.22 (5.45 to 12.39) for pTau217. The area under the curve for predicting Aβ+ was 0.783 (95% CI 0.721 to 0.836; cut-point 2.75 pg/mL) for pTau181 and 0.914 (95% CI 0.868 to 0.948; cut-point 0.44 pg/mL) for pTau217. The high predictive power of pTau217 was not improved by adding age, sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOEε4) status, in a logistic model. Age, APOEε4 and renal dysfunction were associated with pTau levels, but the clinical performance of pTau217 was only marginally altered by these factors. Using a two cut-point approach, a 95% positive predictive value for Aβ+ corresponded to pTau217 >0.8 pg/mL and a 95% negative predictive value at <0.23 pg/mL. At these two cut-points, the percentages of MCI conversion were 56.8% and 9.7%, respectively, while the annual rates of decline in Mini-Mental State Examination were -2.32 versus -0.65. CONCLUSIONS Plasma pTau217 and pTau181 both correlate with AD, but the fold change in pTau217 makes it better to diagnose cerebral amyloidosis, and predict cognitive decline and conversion to AD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Lehmann
- LBPC-PPC, Université de Montpellier, INM INSERM, IRMB CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Susanna Schraen-Maschke
- Université Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S-U1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Vidal
- Université Paris Cité, EA 4468, APHP, Hospital Broca, Memory Resource and Research Centre of de Paris-Broca-Ile de France, F-75013, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Constance Delaby
- LBPC-PPC, Université de Montpellier, INM INSERM, IRMB CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luc Buee
- Université Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S-U1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Université de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Memory Resource and Research Centre of Strasbourg/Colmar, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), ICube Laboratory and Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Team Imagerie Multimodale Intégrative en Santé (IMIS)/Neurocrypto, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Paquet
- Université Paris Cité, GHU APHP Nord Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Bernadette Allinquant
- UMR-S1266, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Bombois
- Université Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S-U1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, F-59000, Lille, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Département de Neurologie, Centre des Maladies Cognitives et Comportementales, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- Université de Montpellier, Memory Research and Resources center, department of Neurology, Inserm INM NeuroPEPs team, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Hanon
- Université Paris Cité, EA 4468, APHP, Hospital Broca, Memory Resource and Research Centre of de Paris-Broca-Ile de France, F-75013, Paris, Île-de-France, France
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Garcia-Escobar G, Manero RM, Fernández-Lebrero A, Ois A, Navalpotro-Gómez I, Puente-Periz V, Contador-Muñana J, Estragués-Gazquez I, Puig-Pijoan A, Jiménez-Balado J. Blood Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Cognition: A Literature Review. Biomolecules 2024; 14:93. [PMID: 38254693 PMCID: PMC10813472 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) show great promise for clinical applications, offering a less invasive alternative to current cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures. However, the relationships between these biomarkers and specific cognitive functions, as well as their utility in predicting longitudinal cognitive decline, are not yet fully understood. This descriptive review surveys the literature from 2018 to 2023, focusing on the associations of amyloid-β (Aβ), Total Tau (t-Tau), Phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), Neurofilament Light (NfL), and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) with cognitive measures. The reviewed studies are heterogeneous, varying in design and population (cognitively unimpaired, cognitively impaired, or mixed populations), and show results that are sometimes conflicting. Generally, cognition positively correlates with Aβ levels, especially when evaluated through the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio. In contrast, t-Tau, p-Tau, Nfl, and GFAP levels typically show a negative correlation with cognitive performance. While p-Tau measures generally exhibit stronger associations with cognitive functions compared to other biomarkers, no single blood marker has emerged as being predominantly linked to a specific cognitive domain. These findings contribute to our understanding of the complex relationship between blood biomarkers and cognitive performance and underscore their potential utility in clinical assessments of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Garcia-Escobar
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
| | - Rosa Maria Manero
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aida Fernández-Lebrero
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Health and Experimental Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Ois
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Health and Experimental Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Navalpotro-Gómez
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Health and Experimental Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Puente-Periz
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Contador-Muñana
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Estragués-Gazquez
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Puig-Pijoan
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
- Neurology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Jiménez-Balado
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.-E.); (R.M.M.); (A.F.-L.); (I.N.-G.); (V.P.-P.); (J.C.-M.); (I.E.-G.); (A.P.-P.); (J.J.-B.)
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Wu L, Arvai S, Wang SHJ, Liu AJ, Xu B. Differential diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment of Alzheimer's disease by Simoa p-tau181 measurements with matching plasma and CSF. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 16:1288930. [PMID: 38260807 PMCID: PMC10800554 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1288930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a long preclinical phase. Although late-stage AD/dementia may be robustly differentiated from cognitively normal individuals by means of a clinical evaluation, PET imaging, and established biofluid biomarkers, disease differentiation between cognitively normal and various subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains a challenging task. Differential biomarkers for early-stage AD diagnosis with accessible biofluid samples are urgently needed. Misfolded phosphorylated tau aggregates (p-tau) are present in multiple neurodegenerative diseases known as "tauopathies", with the most common being AD. P-tau181 is a well-established p-tau biomarker to differentiate AD dementia from non-AD pathology. However, it is unclear if p-tau181 is capable of diagnosing MCI, an early AD stage, from cognitively normal subjects, or if it can discriminate MCI subtypes amnestic MCI (aMCI) from non-amnestic MCI (naMCI). Here we evaluated the capability of p-tau181 in diagnosing MCI from cognitively normal subjects and discriminating aMCI from naMCI subtypes. We collected matching plasma and CSF samples of a clinically diagnosed cohort of 35 cognitively normal, 34 aMCI, 17 naMCI, and 31 AD dementia cases (total 117 participants) with supplemental CSF Aβ42 and total tau AD biomarker levels and performed Simoa p-tau181 assays. The diagnostic capabilities of Simoa p-tau181 assays to differentiate these cohorts were evaluated. We found (i) p-tau181 can robustly differentiate MCI or aMCI from cognitively normal cohorts with matching plasma and CSF samples, but such differentiation is weaker in diagnosing naMCI from cognitively normal groups, (ii) p-tau181 is not capable of differentiating aMCI from naMCI cohorts, and (iii) either factor of Aβ or total tau burden markedly improved differentiation power to diagnose aMCI from cognitively normal group. Plasma and CSF p-tau181 levels may serve as a promising biomarker for diagnosing aMCI from normal controls in the preclinical phase. But more robust new biomarkers are needed to differentiate naMCI from cognitively normal cases or to discriminate between MCI subtypes, aMCI from naMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wu
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke-UNC Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Stephanie Arvai
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Shih-Hsiu J. Wang
- Duke-UNC Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Andy J. Liu
- Duke-UNC Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Bin Xu
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke-UNC Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
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Cáceres C, Heusser B, Garnham A, Moczko E. The Major Hypotheses of Alzheimer's Disease: Related Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Its Diagnosis and Treatment. Cells 2023; 12:2669. [PMID: 38067098 PMCID: PMC10705786 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known chronic neurodegenerative disorder that leads to the progressive death of brain cells, resulting in memory loss and the loss of other critical body functions. In March 2019, one of the major pharmaceutical companies and its partners announced that currently, there is no drug to cure AD, and all clinical trials of the new ones have been cancelled, leaving many people without hope. However, despite the clear message and startling reality, the research continued. Finally, in the last two years, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first-ever medications to treat Alzheimer's, aducanumab and lecanemab. Despite researchers' support of this decision, there are serious concerns about their effectiveness and safety. The validation of aducanumab by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is still pending, and lecanemab was authorized without considering data from the phase III trials. Furthermore, numerous reports suggest that patients have died when undergoing extended treatment. While there is evidence that aducanumab and lecanemab may provide some relief to those suffering from AD, their impact remains a topic of ongoing research and debate within the medical community. The fact is that even though there are considerable efforts regarding pharmacological treatment, no definitive cure for AD has been found yet. Nevertheless, it is strongly believed that modern nanotechnology holds promising solutions and effective clinical strategies for the development of diagnostic tools and treatments for AD. This review summarizes the major hallmarks of AD, its etiological mechanisms, and challenges. It explores existing diagnostic and therapeutic methods and the potential of nanotechnology-based approaches for recognizing and monitoring patients at risk of irreversible neuronal degeneration. Overall, it provides a broad overview for those interested in the evolving areas of clinical neuroscience, AD, and related nanotechnology. With further research and development, nanotechnology-based approaches may offer new solutions and hope for millions of people affected by this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ewa Moczko
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Viña del Mar 2562307, Chile; (C.C.)
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Xu C, Zhao L, Dong C. The performance of plasma phosphorylated tau231 in detecting Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:3132-3149. [PMID: 37501373 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated tau231 (P-tau231) is associated with neuropathological outcomes of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The invasive access of cerebrospinal fluid has greatly stimulated interest in the identification of blood-based P-tau231, and the recent advent of single-molecule array assay for the quantification of plasma P-tau231 may provide a turning point to evaluate the usefulness of P-tau231 as an AD-related biomarker. Yet, in the plasma P-tau231 literature, findings with regard to its diagnostic utility have been inconsistent, and thus, we aimed to statistically investigate the potential of plasma P-tau231 in the context of AD via meta-analysis. Publications on plasma P-tau231 were systematically retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library and Web of Science databases. A total of 10 studies covering 2007 participants were included, and we conducted random-effect or fixed-effect meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis using the STATA SE 14.0 software. According to our quantitative integration, plasma P-tau231 increased from cognitively unimpaired (CU) populations to mild cognitive impairment to AD and showed significant changes in pairwise comparisons of AD, mild cognitive impairment and CU. Plasma P-tau231 level was significantly higher in CU controls with positive amyloid-β (Aβ) status compared with Aβ-negative CU group. Additionally, the excellent diagnostic accuracy of plasma P-tau231 for asymptomatic Aβ pathology was verified by the pooled value of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (standard mean difference [95% confidence interval]: .75 [.69, .81], P < 0.00001). Overall, the increased plasma P-tau231 concentrations were found in relation to the early development and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunbo Dong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Sunde AL, Alsnes IV, Aarsland D, Ashton NJ, Tovar‐Rios DA, De Santis G, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Kjosavik SR. Preanalytical stability of plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease pathology. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12439. [PMID: 37192842 PMCID: PMC10182363 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Plasma tests have demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for identifying Alzheimer's disease pathology. To facilitate the transition to clinical utility, we assessed whether plasma storage duration and temperature affect the biomarker concentrations. Methods Plasma samples from 13 participants were stored at +4°C and +18°C. Concentrations of six biomarkers were measured after 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 24 h by single molecule array assays. Results Phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), phosphorylated tau 231 (p-tau231), neurofilament light (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) concentrations were unchanged both when stored at +4°C and +18°C. Amyloid-β 40 (Aβ40) and amyloid-β 42 (Aβ42) concentrations were stable for 24 h at +4°C but declined when stored at +18°C for longer than 6 h. This decline did not affect the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio. Discussion Plasma samples can be stored for 24 h at +4°C or +18°C and result in valid assay results for p-tau181, p-tau231, Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, GFAP, and NfL. HIGHLIGHTS Plasma samples were stored for 24 h at +4°C and +18°C, mimicking clinical practice.Concentrations for Alzheimer's disease biomarkers were measured at six time-points.p-tau181, p-tau231, NfL, and GFAP concentrations were unchanged during the experiment.Storage at +18°C affected Aβ40 and Aβ42 concentrations while storage at +4°C did not. The Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio was unaffected.These plasma tests seem suitable for use in general practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita L. Sunde
- Centre for Age‐Related Medicine (SESAM)Stavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | | | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age‐Related Medicine (SESAM)Stavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
- Department of Old Age PsychiatryInstitute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing's CollegeLondonUK
| | - Nicholas J. Ashton
- Centre for Age‐Related Medicine (SESAM)Stavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience & Physiologythe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- King's College LondonInstitute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Institute Clinical Neuroscience Institute LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health & Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London & Maudsley NHS FoundationLondonUK
| | - Diego A. Tovar‐Rios
- Centre for Age‐Related Medicine (SESAM)Stavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of StavangerStavangerNorway
- Grupo INFERIRFacultad de IngenieríaUniversidad del ValleSantiago de CaliValle del CaucaColombia
| | - Giovanni De Santis
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience & Physiologythe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience & Physiologythe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience & Physiologythe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesHong KongChina
| | - Svein R. Kjosavik
- The General Practice and Care Coordination Research GroupStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
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