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Deriu V, Altavilla D, Adornetti I, Chiera A, Ferretti F. Narrative identity in addictive disorders: a conceptual review. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1409217. [PMID: 38952822 PMCID: PMC11215194 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1409217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Narrative identity allows individuals to integrate their personal experiences into a coherent and meaningful life story. Addictive disorders appear to be associated with a disturbed sense of self, reflected in problematic and disorganized self-narratives. In recent literature, a growing body of research has highlighted how narrative approaches can make a dual contribution to the understanding of addiction: on the one hand, by revealing crucial aspects of self structure, and, on the other, by supporting the idea that addiction is a disorder related to unintegrated self-states in which dissociative phenomena and the resulting sense of 'loss of self' are maladaptive strategies for coping with distress. This conceptual review identified the main measures of narrative identity, i.e., narrative coherence and complexity, agency, and emotions, and critically examines 9 quantitative and qualitative studies (out of 18 identified in literature), that have investigated the narrative dimension in people with an addictive disorder in order to provide a synthesis of the relationship between self, narrative and addiction. These studies revealed a difficulty in the organization of narrative identity of people with an addictive disorder, which is reflected in less coherent and less complex autobiographical narratives, in a prevalence of passivity and negative emotions, and in a widespread presence of themes related to a lack of self-efficacy. This review points out important conceptual, methodological and clinical implications encouraging further investigation of narrative dimension in addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Altavilla
- Cosmic Lab, Department of Philosophy, Communication and Performing Arts, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
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Atkinson-Clement C, Lebreton M, Patsalides L, de Liege A, Klein Y, Roze E, Deniau E, Hartmann A, Palminteri S, Worbe Y. Decision-making under risk and ambiguity in adults with Tourette syndrome. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5256-5266. [PMID: 35899867 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tourette syndrome (TS) as well as its most common comorbidities are associated with a higher propensity for risky behaviour in everyday life. However, it is unclear whether this increased risk propensity in real-life contexts translates into a generally increased attitude towards risk. We aimed to assess decision-making under risk and ambiguity based on prospect theory by considering the effects of comorbidities and medication. METHODS Fifty-four individuals with TS and 32 healthy controls performed risk and ambiguity decision-making tasks under both gains and losses conditions. Behavioural and computational parameters were evaluated using (i) univariate analysis to determine parameters difference taking independently; (ii) supervised multivariate analysis to evaluate whether our parameters could jointly account for between-group differences (iii) unsupervised multivariate analysis to explore the potential presence of sub-groups. RESULTS Except for general 'noisier' (less consistent) decisions in TS, we showed no specific risk-taking behaviour in TS or any relation with tics severity or antipsychotic medication. However, the presence of comorbidities was associated with distortion of decision-making. Specifically, TS with obsessive-compulsive disorder comorbidity was associated with a higher risk-taking profile to increase gain and a higher risk-averse profile to decrease loss. TS with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbidity was associated with risk-seeking in the ambiguity context to reduce a potential loss. CONCLUSIONS Impaired valuation of risk and ambiguity was not related to TS per se. Our findings are important for clinical practice: the involvement of individuals with TS in real-life risky situations may actually rather result from other factors such as psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Atkinson-Clement
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mael Lebreton
- Paris School of Economics, Paris, France
- Swiss Center for Affective Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leïla Patsalides
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
| | - Astrid de Liege
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Tourette Syndrome, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yanica Klein
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Tourette Syndrome, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Deniau
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Tourette Syndrome, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Tourette Syndrome, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Stefano Palminteri
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Computationnelles, INSERM, Paris, France
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, ENS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Worbe
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UM75, ICM, F-75013, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Movement Investigation and Therapeutics Team, Paris, France
- National Reference Center for Tourette Syndrome, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
- Department of Neurophysiology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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Carrascosa-Arteaga P, López-Liria R, Catalán-Matamoros D, Rocamora-Pérez P. Effectiveness of Physiotherapy in Managing Symptomatology in Gambling Disorder Patients: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2055. [PMID: 37510495 PMCID: PMC10379321 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the prevalence of gambling disorder (GD) and problem gambling has remained stable in recent years, the expansion of legalized gambling is considered a public health problem leading to significant personal, familial, and social impacts. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of various physiotherapy interventions on the symptoms of patients with GD. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted in December 2022, using descriptors related to physiotherapy and GD in ten databases. Inclusion criteria were designed to identify clinical trials published in the last decade. Eight studies were identified, with a total of 357 patients, and the main variables measured were anxiety and depression symptoms, gambling craving, and gambling desire. The interventions included aerobic exercise, relaxation techniques, and non-invasive brain stimulation. Results suggest that physiotherapy may help with GD symptoms, although more research is needed to strengthen these findings. These findings highlight the potential of physiotherapy in treating GD and provide a basis for future research to better understand the effectiveness of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Carrascosa-Arteaga
- 498-Research Team Group, University of Almeria, Carretera del Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Remedios López-Liria
- 498-Research Team Group, University of Almeria, Carretera del Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Carretera del Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Daniel Catalán-Matamoros
- Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Carretera del Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Culture and Technology Institute, Madrid University Carlos III, 28903 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Rocamora-Pérez
- 498-Research Team Group, University of Almeria, Carretera del Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Carretera del Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, Spain
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