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Gautier MK, Kelley CM, Lee SH, Alldred MJ, McDaid J, Mufson EJ, Stutzmann GE, Ginsberg SD. Maternal choline supplementation protects against age-associated cholinergic and GABAergic basal forebrain neuron degeneration in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 188:106332. [PMID: 37890559 PMCID: PMC10752300 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder caused by triplication of human chromosome 21. In addition to intellectual disability, DS is defined by a premature aging phenotype and Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology, including septohippocampal circuit vulnerability and degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs). The Ts65Dn mouse model recapitulates key aspects of DS/AD pathology, namely age-associated atrophy of BFCNs and cognitive decline in septohippocampal-dependent behavioral tasks. We investigated whether maternal choline supplementation (MCS), a well-tolerated treatment modality, protects vulnerable BFCNs from age- and genotype-associated degeneration in trisomic offspring. We also examined the effect of trisomy, and MCS, on GABAergic basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons (BFPNs), an unexplored neuronal population in this DS model. Unbiased stereological analyses of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-immunoreactive BFCNs and parvalbumin-immunoreactive BFPNs were conducted using confocal z-stacks of the medial septal nucleus and the vertical limb of the diagonal band (MSN/VDB) in Ts65Dn mice and disomic (2N) littermates at 3-4 and 10-12 months of age. MCS trisomic offspring displayed significant increases in ChAT-immunoreactive neuron number and density compared to unsupplemented counterparts, as well as increases in the area of the MSN/VDB occupied by ChAT-immunoreactive neuropil. MCS also rescued BFPN number and density in Ts65Dn offspring, a novel rescue of a non-cholinergic cell population. Furthermore, MCS prevented age-associated loss of BFCNs and MSN/VDB regional area in 2N offspring, indicating genotype-independent neuroprotective benefits. These findings demonstrate MCS provides neuroprotection of vulnerable BFCNs and non-cholinergic septohippocampal BFPNs, indicating this modality has translational value as an early life therapy for DS, as well as extending benefits to the aging population at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Gautier
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Pathobiology and Translational Medicine Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christy M Kelley
- Complex Adaptive Systems Initiative, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Institute for Future Health, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa J Alldred
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John McDaid
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University/The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elliott J Mufson
- Departments of Translational Neuroscience and Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Therapeutics, Rosalind Franklin University/The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Hu X, Jin H, Yuan S, Ye T, Chen Z, Kong Y, Liu J, Xu K, Sun J. Fecal microbiota transplantation inhibited neuroinflammation of traumatic brain injury in mice via regulating the gut-brain axis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1254610. [PMID: 37743861 PMCID: PMC10513427 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1254610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent studies have highlighted the vital role of gut microbiota in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective means of regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis, while the beneficial effect and potential mechanisms of FMT against TBI remain unclear. Here, we elucidated the anti-neuroinflammatory effect and possible mechanism of FMT against TBI in mice via regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Methods The TBI mouse model was established by heavy object falling impact and then treated with FMT. The neurological deficits, neuropathological change, synaptic damage, microglia activation, and neuroinflammatory cytokine production were assessed, and the intestinal pathological change and gut microbiota composition were also evaluated. Moreover, the population of Treg cells in the spleen was measured. Results Our results showed that FMT treatment significantly alleviated neurological deficits and neuropathological changes and improved synaptic damage by increasing the levels of the synaptic plasticity-related protein such as postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and synapsin I in the TBI mice model. Moreover, FMT could inhibit the activation of microglia and reduce the production of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, alleviating the inflammatory response of TBI mice. Meanwhile, FMT treatment could attenuate intestinal histopathologic changes and gut microbiota dysbiosis and increase the Treg cell population in TBI mice. Conclusion These findings elucidated that FMT treatment effectively suppressed the TBI-induced neuroinflammation via regulating the gut microbiota-gut-brain axis, and its mechanism was involved in the regulation of peripheral immune cells, which implied a novel strategy against TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhen Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hangqi Jin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shushu Yuan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kaihong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Defining Experimental Variability in Actuator-Driven Closed Head Impact in Rats. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:1187-1202. [PMID: 35994166 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-03012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a world-wide health challenge that lacks tools for diagnosis and treatment. There is a need for translational preclinical models to effectively design clinical tools, however, the diversity of models is a barrier to reproducible studies. Actuator-driven closed head impact (AD-CHI) models have translational advantages in replicating the pathophysiological and behavioral outcomes resulting from impact TBI. The main advantages of AD-CHI protocols include versatility of impact parameters such as impact angle, velocity, depth, and dwell time with the ability to interchange tip types, leading to consistent outcomes without the need for craniectomy. Sources of experimental variability within AD-CHI rat models are identified within this review with the aim of supporting further characterization to improve translational value. Primary areas of variability may be attributed to lack of standardization of head stabilization methods, reporting of tip properties, and performance of acute neurological assessments. AD-CHI models were also found to be more prevalently used among pediatric and repeated TBI paradigms. As this model continues to grow in use, establishing the relationships between impact parameters and associated injury outcomes will reduce experimental variability between research groups and encourage meaningful discussions as the community moves towards common data elements.
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Langlois LD, Selvaraj P, Simmons SC, Gouty S, Zhang Y, Nugent FS. Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury induces persistent alterations in spontaneous synaptic activity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 12:157-162. [PMID: 35746968 PMCID: PMC9210462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion is the most common form of TBI which frequently results in persistent cognitive impairments and memory deficits in affected individuals [1]. Although most studies have investigated the role of hippocampal synaptic dysfunction in earlier time points following a single injury, the long-lasting effects of mTBI on hippocampal synaptic transmission following multiple brain concussions have not been well-elucidated. Using a repetitive closed head injury (3XCHI) mouse model of mTBI, we examined the alteration of spontaneous synaptic transmission onto hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons by recording spontaneous excitatory AMPA receptor (AMPAR)- and inhibitory GABAAR-mediated postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs and sIPSCs, respectively) in adult male mice 2-weeks following the injury. We found that mTBI potentiated postsynaptic excitatory AMPAR synaptic function while depressed postsynaptic inhibitory GABAAR synaptic function in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Additionally, mTBI slowed the decay time of AMPAR currents while shortened the decay time of GABAAR currents suggesting changes in AMPAR and GABAAR subunit composition by mTBI. On the other hand, mTBI reduced the frequency of sEPSCs while enhanced the frequency of sIPSCs resulting in a lower ratio of sEPSC/sIPSC frequency in CA1 pyramidal neurons of mTBI animals compared to sham animals. Altogether, our results suggest that mTBI induces persistent postsynaptic modifications in AMPAR and GABAAR function and their synaptic composition in CA1 neurons while triggering a compensatory shift in excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance of presynaptic drives towards more inhibitory synaptic drive to hippocampal CA1 cells. The persistent mTBI-induced CA1 synaptic dysfunction and E/I imbalance could contribute to deficits in hippocampal plasticity that underlies long-term hippocampal-dependent learning and memory deficits in mTBI patients long after the initial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic D. Langlois
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Prabhuanand Selvaraj
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Sarah C. Simmons
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Shawn Gouty
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Fereshteh S. Nugent
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Corresponding authors.
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Chapman DP, Sloley SS, Caccavano AP, Vicini S, Burns MP. High-Frequency Head Impact Disrupts Hippocampal Neural Ensemble Dynamics. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:763423. [PMID: 35115908 PMCID: PMC8806157 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.763423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that the cognitive impairments in a mouse model of high-frequency head impact (HFHI) are caused by chronic changes to synaptic physiology. To better understand these synaptic changes occurring after repeat head impact, we used Thy1-GcCAMP6f mice to study intracellular and intercellular calcium dynamics and neuronal ensembles in HFHI mice. We performed simultaneous calcium imaging and local field potential (LFP) recordings of the CA1 field during an early-LTP paradigm in acute hippocampal slice preparations 24 h post-impact. As previously reported, HFHI causes a decrease in early-LTP in the absence of any shift in the input-output curve. Calcium analytics revealed that HFHI hippocampal slices have similar numbers of active ROIs, however, the number of calcium transients per ROI was significantly increased in HFHI slices. Ensembles consist of coordinated activity between groups of active ROIs. We exposed the CA1 ensemble to Schaffer-collateral stimulation in an abbreviated LTP paradigm and observed novel coordinated patterns of post stimulus calcium ensemble activity. HFHI ensembles displayed qualitatively similar patterns of post-stimulus ensemble activity to shams but showed significant changes in quantitative ensemble inactivation and reactivation. Previous in vivo and in vitro reports have shown that ensemble activity frequently occurs through a similar set of ROIs firing in a repeating fashion. HFHI slices showed a decrease in such coordinated firing patterns during post stimulus ensemble activity. The present study shows that HFHI alters synaptic activity and disrupts neuronal organization of the ensemble, providing further evidence of physiological synaptic adaptation occurring in the brain after a high frequency of non-pathological head impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Chapman
- Georgetown Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Stephanie S. Sloley
- Georgetown Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Adam P. Caccavano
- Georgetown Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Stefano Vicini
- Georgetown Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mark P. Burns
- Georgetown Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- *Correspondence: Mark P. Burns,
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Brainstem and Cortical Spreading Depolarization in a Closed Head Injury Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111642. [PMID: 34769073 PMCID: PMC8584184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in young individuals, and is a major health concern that often leads to long-lasting complications. However, the electrophysiological events that occur immediately after traumatic brain injury, and may underlie impact outcomes, have not been fully elucidated. To investigate the electrophysiological events that immediately follow traumatic brain injury, a weight-drop model of traumatic brain injury was used in rats pre-implanted with epidural and intracerebral electrodes. Electrophysiological (near-direct current) recordings and simultaneous alternating current recordings of brain activity were started within seconds following impact. Cortical spreading depolarization (SD) and SD-induced spreading depression occurred in approximately 50% of mild and severe impacts. SD was recorded within three minutes after injury in either one or both brain hemispheres. Electrographic seizures were rare. While both TBI- and electrically induced SDs resulted in elevated oxidative stress, TBI-exposed brains showed a reduced antioxidant defense. In severe TBI, brainstem SD could be recorded in addition to cortical SD, but this did not lead to the death of the animals. Severe impact, however, led to immediate death in 24% of animals, and was electrocorticographically characterized by non-spreading depression (NSD) of activity followed by terminal SD in both cortex and brainstem.
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