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Gao Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Liu S. Biomaterials targeting the microenvironment for spinal cord injury repair: progression and perspectives. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1362494. [PMID: 38784712 PMCID: PMC11111957 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1362494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts nerve pathways and affects sensory, motor, and autonomic function. There is currently no effective treatment for SCI. SCI occurs within three temporal periods: acute, subacute, and chronic. In each period there are different alterations in the cells, inflammatory factors, and signaling pathways within the spinal cord. Many biomaterials have been investigated in the treatment of SCI, including hydrogels and fiber scaffolds, and some progress has been made in the treatment of SCI using multiple materials. However, there are limitations when using individual biomaterials in SCI treatment, and these limitations can be significantly improved by combining treatments with stem cells. In order to better understand SCI and to investigate new strategies for its treatment, several combination therapies that include materials combined with cells, drugs, cytokines, etc. are summarized in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengwen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Huang Y, Ye K, He A, Wan S, Wu M, Hu D, Xu K, Wei P, Yin J. Dual-layer conduit containing VEGF-A - Transfected Schwann cells promotes peripheral nerve regeneration via angiogenesis. Acta Biomater 2024; 180:323-336. [PMID: 38561075 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) can cause neuropathies and significantly affect the patient's quality of life. Autograft transplantation is the gold standard for conventional treatment; however, its application is limited by nerve unavailability, size mismatch, and local tissue adhesion. Tissue engineering, such as nerve guidance conduits, is an alternative and promising strategy to guide nerve regeneration for peripheral nerve repair; however, only a few conduits could reach the high repair efficiency of autografts. The healing process of PNI is frequently accompanied by not only axonal and myelination regeneration but also angiogenesis, which initializes nerve regeneration through vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). In this study, a composite nerve conduit with a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) hollow tube as the outer layer and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) encapsulated with VEGF-A transfected Schwann cells (SCs) as the inner layer was established to evaluate its promising ability for peripheral nerve repair. A rat model of peripheral nerve defect was used to examine the efficiency of PLGA/GelMA-SC (VA) conduits, whereas autograft, PLGA, PLGA/GelMA, and PLGA/GelMA-SC (NC) were used as controls. VEGF-A-transfected SCs can provide a stable source for VEGF-A secretion. Furthermore, encapsulation in GelMA cannot only promote proliferation and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells but also enhance dorsal root ganglia and neuronal cell extension. Previous animal studies have demonstrated that the regenerative effects of PLGA/GelMA-SC (VA) nerve conduit were similar to those of autografts and much better than those of other conduits. These findings indicate that combination of VEGF-A-overexpressing SCs and PLGA/GelMA conduit-guided peripheral nerve repair provides a promising method that enhances angiogenesis and regeneration during nerve repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Nerve guidance conduits shows promise for peripheral nerve repair, while achieving the repair efficiency of autografts remains a challenge. In this study, a composite nerve conduit with a PLGA hollow tube as the outer layer and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) encapsulated with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)-transfected Schwann cells (SCs) as the inner layer was established to evaluate its potential ability for peripheral nerve repair. This approach preserves growth factor bioactivity and enhances material properties. GelMA insertion promotes Schwann cell proliferation and morphology extension. Moreover, transfected SCs serve as a stable VEGF-A source and fostering angiogenesis. This study offers a method preserving growth factor efficacy and safeguarding SCs, providing a comprehensive solution for enhanced angiogenesis and nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; Center for Medical and Engineering Innovation, Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Kai Ye
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Andong He
- Center for Medical and Engineering Innovation, Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Shaobo Wan
- Yuyao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Miaoben Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Donghao Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kailei Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; Center for Medical and Engineering Innovation, Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Jun Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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Zhang Y, Deng Q, Hong H, Qian Z, Wan B, Xia M. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress following spinal cord injury by mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction via the SIRT1/PGC1α/DRP1 signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:304. [PMID: 38528569 PMCID: PMC10962082 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) has always been a significant research focus of clinical neuroscience, with inhibition of microglia-mediated neuro-inflammation as well as oxidative stress key to successful SCI patient treatment. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a compound extracted from propolis, has both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, but its SCI therapeutic effects have rarely been reported. METHODS We constructed a mouse spinal cord contusion model and administered CAPE intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days after injury, and methylprednisolone (MP) was used as a positive control. Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and Luxol Fast Blue staining were used to assess the effect of CAPE on the structures of nervous tissue after SCI. Basso Mouse Scale scores and footprint analysis were used to explore the effect of CAPE on the recovery of motor function by SCI mice. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining assessed levels of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress-related proteins both in vivo and in vitro after CAPE treatment. Further, reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cytoplasm were detected using an ROS kit. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential after CAPE treatment were detected with 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide. Mechanistically, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine the effect of CAPE on the SIRT1/PGC1α/DRP1 signaling pathway. RESULTS CAPE-treated SCI mice showed less neuronal tissue loss, more neuronal survival, and reduced demyelination. Interestingly, SCI mice treated with CAPE showed better recovery of motor function. CAPE treatment reduced the expression of inflammatory and oxidative mediators, including iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, 1L-6, NOX-2, and NOX-4, as well as the positive control MP both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, molecular docking experiments showed that CAPE had a high affinity for SIRT1, and that CAPE treatment significantly activated SIRT1 and PGC1α, with down-regulation of DRP1. Further, CAPE treatment significantly reduced the level of ROS in cellular cytoplasm and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, which improved normal mitochondrial function. After administering the SIRT1 inhibitor nicotinamide, the effect of CAPE on neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress was reversed.On the contrary, SIRT1 agonist SRT2183 further enhanced the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of CAPE, indicating that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of CAPE after SCI were dependent on SIRT1. CONCLUSION CAPE inhibits microglia-mediated neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress and supports mitochondrial function by regulating the SIRT1/PGC1α/DRP1 signaling pathway after SCI. These effects demonstrate that CAPE reduces nerve tissue damage. Therefore, CAPE is a potential drug for the treatment of SCI through production of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Qian Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Postgraduate School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxiang Hong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nantong First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, No. 666, ShengLi Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhanyang Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China.
| | - Bowen Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Mingjie Xia
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nantong First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, No. 666, ShengLi Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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Sámano C, Mazzone GL. The role of astrocytes response triggered by hyperglycaemia during spinal cord injury. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37798949 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2264538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This manuscript aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the physiological, molecular, and cellular mechanisms triggered by reactive astrocytes (RA) in the context of spinal cord injury (SCI), with a particular focus on cases involving hyperglycaemia.Methods: The compilation of articles related to astrocyte responses in neuropathological conditions, with a specific emphasis on those related to SCI and hyperglycaemia, was conducted by searching through databases including Science Direct, Web of Science, and PubMed.Results and Conclusions: This article explores the dual role of astrocytes in both neurophysiological and neurodegenerative conditions within the central nervous system (CNS). In the aftermath of SCI and hyperglycaemia, astrocytes undergo a transformation into RA, adopting a distinct phenotype. While there are currently no approved therapies for SCI, various therapeutic strategies have been proposed to alleviate the detrimental effects of RAs following SCI and hyperglycemia. These strategies show promising potential in the treatment of SCI and its likely comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sámano
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa (UAM-C), Ciudad de México, México
| | - G L Mazzone
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET-Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Reeves B, Smith E, Broussard M, Martin R. Activity based restorative therapy considerations for children: medical and therapeutic perspectives for the pediatric population. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2023; 4:1186212. [PMID: 37744428 PMCID: PMC10511641 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1186212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Well-established scientific evidence demonstrates that activity is essential for the development and repair of the central nervous system, yet traditional rehabilitation approaches target muscles only above the lesion as a means of compensation. Activity-Based Rehabilitation (ABR) represents an evolving paradigm shift in neurorehabilitation targeting activation of the neuromuscular system below the lesion. Based on activity-dependent plasticity, ABR offers high intensity activation of the nervous system to optimize the capacity for recovery, while working to offset the chronic complications that occur as a result of neurologic injury. Treatment focus shifts from compensatory training to promotion of restoration of function with special emphasis on normalizing sensory cues and movement kinematics. ABR in children carries special considerations for a developing nervous system and the focus is not just restoring functions but advancing functions in line with typical development. Application of activity-based interventions includes traditional rehabilitation strategies at higher intensity and frequency than in traditional models, including locomotor training, functional electrical stimulation, massed practice, and task specific training, applied across the continuum of care from early intervention to the chronic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Reeves
- International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Emily Smith
- International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Miranda Broussard
- International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rebecca Martin
- International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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