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Wang L, Guo Q, Acharya S, Zheng X, Huynh V, Whitmore B, Yimit A, Malhotra M, Chatterji S, Rosin N, Labit E, Chipak C, Gorzo K, Haidey J, Elliott DA, Ram T, Zhang Q, Kuipers H, Gordon G, Biernaskie J, Guo J. Primary cilia signaling in astrocytes mediates development and regional-specific functional specification. Nat Neurosci 2024:10.1038/s41593-024-01726-z. [PMID: 39103557 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Astrocyte diversity is greatly influenced by local environmental modulation. Here we report that the majority of astrocytes across the mouse brain possess a singular primary cilium localized to the cell soma. Comparative single-cell transcriptomics reveals that primary cilia mediate canonical SHH signaling to modulate astrocyte subtype-specific core features in synaptic regulation, intracellular transport, energy and metabolism. Independent of canonical SHH signaling, primary cilia are important regulators of astrocyte morphology and intracellular signaling balance. Dendritic spine analysis and transcriptomics reveal that perturbation of astrocytic cilia leads to disruption of neuronal development and global intercellular connectomes in the brain. Mice with primary ciliary-deficient astrocytes show behavioral deficits in sensorimotor function, sociability, learning and memory. Our results uncover a critical role for primary cilia in transmitting local cues that drive the region-specific diversification of astrocytes within the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizheng Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sandesh Acharya
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vanessa Huynh
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brandon Whitmore
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Askar Yimit
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mehr Malhotra
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Siddharth Chatterji
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole Rosin
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elodie Labit
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colten Chipak
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kelsea Gorzo
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jordan Haidey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David A Elliott
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tina Ram
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qingrun Zhang
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hedwich Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Grant Gordon
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeff Biernaskie
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jiami Guo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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2
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Guillén-Yunta M, García-Aldea Á, Valcárcel-Hernández V, Sanz-Bógalo A, Muñoz-Moreno E, Matheus MG, Grijota-Martínez C, Montero-Pedrazuela A, Guadaño-Ferraz A, Bárez-López S. Defective thyroid hormone transport to the brain leads to astroglial alterations. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106621. [PMID: 39097035 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS) is a rare X-linked disorder that causes severe neurological damage, for which there is no effective treatment. AHDS is due to inactivating mutations in the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 that impair the entry of thyroid hormones into the brain, resulting in cerebral hypothyroidism. However, the pathophysiology of AHDS is still not fully understood and this is essential to develop therapeutic strategies. Based on evidence suggesting that thyroid hormone deficit leads to alterations in astroglial cells, including gliosis, in this work, we have evaluated astroglial impairments in MCT8 deficiency by means of magnetic resonance imaging, histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical techniques, and by mining available RNA sequencing outputs. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging values obtained from magnetic resonance imaging showed changes indicative of alterations in brain cytoarchitecture in MCT8-deficient patients (n = 11) compared to control subjects (n = 11). Astroglial alterations were confirmed by immunohistochemistry against astroglial markers in autopsy brain samples of an 11-year-old and a 30th gestational week MCT8-deficient subjects in comparison to brain samples from control subjects at similar ages. These findings were validated and further explored in a mouse model of AHDS. Our findings confirm changes in all the astroglial populations of the cerebral cortex in MCT8 deficiency that impact astrocytic metabolic and mitochondrial cellular respiration functions. These impairments arise early in brain development and persist at adult stages, revealing an abnormal distribution, density, morphology of cortical astrocytes, along with altered transcriptome, compatible with an astrogliosis-like phenotype at adult stages. We conclude that astrocytes are potential novel therapeutic targets in AHDS, and we propose ADC imaging as a tool to monitor the progression of neurological impairments and potential effects of treatments in MCT8 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Guillén-Yunta
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel García-Aldea
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Valcárcel-Hernández
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Sanz-Bógalo
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Muñoz-Moreno
- Magnetic Imaging Resonance Core Facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Gisele Matheus
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Carmen Grijota-Martínez
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Montero-Pedrazuela
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Guadaño-Ferraz
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Soledad Bárez-López
- Department of Neurological Diseases and Aging, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
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Bormann D, Knoflach M, Poreba E, Riedl CJ, Testa G, Orset C, Levilly A, Cottereau A, Jauk P, Hametner S, Stranzl N, Golabi B, Copic D, Klas K, Direder M, Kühtreiber H, Salek M, Zur Nedden S, Baier-Bitterlich G, Kiechl S, Haider C, Endmayr V, Höftberger R, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell type-specific responses to ischemic stroke in male rodents. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6232. [PMID: 39043661 PMCID: PMC11266704 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroglia critically shape the brain´s response to ischemic stroke. However, their phenotypic heterogeneity impedes a holistic understanding of the cellular composition of the early ischemic lesion. Here we present a single cell resolution transcriptomics dataset of the brain´s acute response to infarction. Oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes range among the most transcriptionally perturbed populations and exhibit infarction- and subtype-specific molecular signatures. Specifically, we find infarction restricted proliferating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), mature oligodendrocytes and reactive astrocytes, exhibiting transcriptional commonalities in response to ischemic injury. OPCs and reactive astrocytes are involved in a shared immuno-glial cross talk with stroke-specific myeloid cells. Within the perilesional zone, osteopontin positive myeloid cells accumulate in close proximity to CD44+ proliferating OPCs and reactive astrocytes. In vitro, osteopontin increases the migratory capacity of OPCs. Collectively, our study highlights molecular cross talk events which might govern the cellular composition of acutely infarcted brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bormann
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Knoflach
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, Centre on Clinical Stroke Research, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emilia Poreba
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian J Riedl
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulia Testa
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cyrille Orset
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Anthony Levilly
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Andréa Cottereau
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Philipp Jauk
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Hametner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Stranzl
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bahar Golabi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragan Copic
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Direder
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Kühtreiber
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Salek
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie Zur Nedden
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry, CCB-Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Baier-Bitterlich
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry, CCB-Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, Centre on Clinical Stroke Research, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carmen Haider
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Endmayr
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik J Ankersmit
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Aposcience AG, 1200, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Hanin A, Zhang L, Huttner AJ, Plu I, Mathon B, Bielle F, Navarro V, Hirsch LJ, Hafler DA. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analyses of Brain Parenchyma in Patients With New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE). NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2024; 11:e200259. [PMID: 38810181 PMCID: PMC11139018 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) occurs in previously healthy children or adults, often followed by refractory epilepsy and poor outcomes. The mechanisms that transform a normal brain into an epileptic one capable of seizing for prolonged periods despite treatment remain unclear. Nonetheless, several pieces of evidence suggest that immune dysregulation could contribute to hyperexcitability and modulate NORSE sequelae. METHODS We used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to delineate the composition and phenotypic states of the CNS of 4 patients with NORSE, to better understand the relationship between hyperexcitability and immune disturbances. We compared them with 4 patients with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and 2 controls with no known neurologic disorder. RESULTS Patients with NORSE and TLE exhibited a significantly higher proportion of excitatory neurons compared with controls, with no discernible difference in inhibitory GABAergic neurons. When examining the ratio between excitatory neurons and GABAergic neurons for each patient individually, we observed a higher ratio in patients with acute NORSE or TLE compared with controls. Furthermore, a negative correlation was found between the ratio of excitatory to GABAergic neurons and the proportion of GABAergic neurons. The ratio between excitatory neurons and GABAergic neurons correlated with the proportion of resident or infiltrating macrophages, suggesting the influence of microglial reactivity on neuronal excitability. Both patients with NORSE and TLE exhibited increased expression of genes associated with microglia activation, phagocytic activity, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, patients with NORSE had decreased expression of genes related to the downregulation of the inflammatory response, potentially explaining the severity of their presentation. Microglial activation in patients with NORSE also correlated with astrocyte reactivity, possibly leading to higher degrees of demyelination. DISCUSSION Our study sheds light on the complex cellular dynamics in NORSE, revealing the potential roles of microglia, infiltrating macrophages, and astrocytes in hyperexcitability and demyelination, offering potential avenues for future research targeting the identified pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Hanin
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Le Zhang
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Anita J Huttner
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Plu
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Mathon
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Navarro
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lawrence J Hirsch
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - David A Hafler
- From the Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology (A.H., L.Z., D.A.H.); Comprehensive Epilepsy Center (A.H., L.J.H.), Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Sorbonne Université (A.H., I.P., B.M., V.N.), Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP; AP-HP (A.H., V.N.), Epilepsy Unit and Clinical Neurophysiology Department, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Pathology (A.J.H.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; AP-HP (I.P., F.B.), Department of Neuropathology, DMU Neurosciences; AP-HP (B.M.), Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; and Center of Reference for Rare Epilepsies (V.N.), EpiCare, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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5
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Cuautle DG, Donna S, Cieri MB, Villarreal A, Ramos AJ. Pathological remodeling of reactive astrocytes: Involvement of DNA methylation and downregulation of homeostatic genes. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38943350 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes provide metabolic support to neurons, maintain ionic and water homeostasis, and uptake and recycle neurotransmitters. After exposure to the prototypical PAMP lipopolysaccharide (LPS), reactive astrocytes increase the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, facilitating neurodegeneration. In this study, we analyzed the expression of homeostatic genes in astrocytes exposed to LPS and identified the epigenetic factors contributing to the suppression of homeostatic genes in reactive astrocytes. Primary astrocytic cultures were acutely exposed to LPS and allowed to recover for 24, 72 h, and 7 days. As expected, LPS exposure induced reactive astrogliosis and increased the expression of pro-inflammatory IL-1B and IL-6. Interestingly, the acute exposure resulted in persistent hypermethylation of astroglial DNA. Similar hypermethylation was observed in highly reactive astrocytes from the traumatic brain injury (TBI) penumbra in vivo. Hypermethylation was accompanied by decreased expression of homeostatic genes including LDHA and Scl16a1 (MCT1) both involved in the lactate shuttle to neurons; glutamine synthase (GS) responsible for glutamate processing; Kcnj10 (Kir4.1) important for K+ homeostasis, and the water channel aquaporin-4 (Aqp4). Furthermore, the master regulator of DNA methylation, MAFG-1, as well as DNA methyl transferases DNMT1 and DNMT3a were overexpressed. The downregulation of homeostatic genes correlated with increased methylation of CpG islands in their promoters, as assessed by methylation-sensitive PCR and increased DNMT3a binding to the GS promoter. Treatment with decitabine, a DNMT inhibitor, prevented the LPS- and the HMGB-1-induced downregulation of homeostatic genes. Decitabine treatment also prevented the neurotoxic effects of these astrocytes in primary cortical cultures. In summary, our findings reveal that the pathological remodeling of reactive astrocytes encompasses not only the pro-inflammatory response but, significantly, also entails a long-term suppression of homeostatic gene expression with methylation of crucial CpG islands within their promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dante Gómez Cuautle
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Soledad Donna
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Cieri
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Villarreal
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto Javier Ramos
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" UBA-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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6
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Groh AMR, Caporicci-Dinucci N, Afanasiev E, Bigotte M, Lu B, Gertsvolf J, Smith MD, Garton T, Callahan-Martin L, Allot A, Hatrock DJ, Mamane V, Drake S, Tai H, Ding J, Fournier AE, Larochelle C, Calabresi PA, Stratton JA. Ependymal cells undergo astrocyte-like reactivity in response to neuroinflammation. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38702968 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Ependymal cells form a specialized brain-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interface and regulate local CSF microcirculation. It is becoming increasingly recognized that ependymal cells assume a reactive state in response to aging and disease, including conditions involving hypoxia, hydrocephalus, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Yet what transcriptional signatures govern these reactive states and whether this reactivity shares any similarities with classical descriptions of glial reactivity (i.e., in astrocytes) remain largely unexplored. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we interrogated this phenomenon by directly comparing the reactive ependymal cell transcriptome to the reactive astrocyte transcriptome using a well-established model of autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation (MOG35-55 EAE). In doing so, we unveiled core glial reactivity-associated genes that defined the reactive ependymal cell and astrocyte response to MOG35-55 EAE. Interestingly, known reactive astrocyte genes from other CNS injury/disease contexts were also up-regulated by MOG35-55 EAE ependymal cells, suggesting that this state may be conserved in response to a variety of pathologies. We were also able to recapitulate features of the reactive ependymal cell state acutely using a classic neuroinflammatory cocktail (IFNγ/LPS) both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, by comparing reactive ependymal cells and astrocytes, we identified a conserved signature underlying glial reactivity that was present in several neuroinflammatory contexts. Future work will explore the mechanisms driving ependymal reactivity and assess downstream functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M R Groh
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nina Caporicci-Dinucci
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elia Afanasiev
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maxime Bigotte
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brianna Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joshua Gertsvolf
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthew D Smith
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Garton
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Liam Callahan-Martin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexis Allot
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dale J Hatrock
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Victoria Mamane
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sienna Drake
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Huilin Tai
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jun Ding
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alyson E Fournier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Pereira MF, Finazzi V, Rizzuti L, Aprile D, Aiello V, Mollica L, Riva M, Soriani C, Dossena F, Shyti R, Castaldi D, Tenderini E, Carminho-Rodrigues MT, Bally JF, de Vries BBA, Gabriele M, Vitriolo A, Testa G. YY1 mutations disrupt corticogenesis through a cell-type specific rewiring of cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous transcriptional programs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.16.580337. [PMID: 38405909 PMCID: PMC10888784 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.16.580337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Germline mutations of YY1 cause Gabriele-de Vries syndrome (GADEVS), a neurodevelopmental disorder featuring intellectual disability and a wide range of systemic manifestations. To dissect the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying GADEVS, we combined large-scale imaging, single-cell multiomics and gene regulatory network reconstruction in 2D and 3D patient-derived physiopathologically relevant cell lineages. YY1 haploinsufficiency causes a pervasive alteration of cell type specific transcriptional networks, disrupting corticogenesis at the level of neural progenitors and terminally differentiated neurons, including cytoarchitectural defects reminiscent of GADEVS clinical features. Transcriptional alterations in neurons propagated to neighboring astrocytes through a major non-cell autonomous pro-inflammatory effect that grounds the rationale for modulatory interventions. Together, neurodevelopmental trajectories, synaptic formation and neuronal-astrocyte cross talk emerged as salient domains of YY1 dosage-dependent vulnerability. Mechanistically, cell-type resolved reconstruction of gene regulatory networks uncovered the regulatory interplay between YY1, NEUROG2 and ETV5 and its aberrant rewiring in GADEVS. Our findings underscore the reach of advanced in vitro models in capturing developmental antecedents of clinical features and exposing their underlying mechanisms to guide the search for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene F Pereira
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Finazzi
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovico Rizzuti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Aprile
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Aiello
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mollica
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Riva
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Soriani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Reinald Shyti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Castaldi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Tenderini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Julien F Bally
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital & University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Michele Gabriele
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research; Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alessandro Vitriolo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Testa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Santa Sofia 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
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8
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He Z, Chen Q, Wang K, Lin J, Peng Y, Zhang J, Yan X, Jie Y. Single-cell transcriptomics analysis of cellular heterogeneity and immune mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:333-357. [PMID: 38221677 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell transcriptomics analysis is an advanced technology that can describe the intracellular transcriptome in complex tissues. It profiles and analyses datasets by single-cell RNA sequencing. Neurodegenerative diseases are identified by the abnormal apoptosis of neurons in the brain with few or no effective therapy strategies at present, which has been a growing healthcare concern and brought a great burden to society. The transcriptome of individual cells provides deep insights into previously unforeseen cellular heterogeneity and gene expression differences in neurodegenerative disorders. It detects multiple cell subsets and functional changes during pathological progression, which deepens the understanding of the molecular underpinnings and cellular basis of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the transcriptome analysis of immune cells shows the regulation of immune response. Different subtypes of immune cells and their interaction are found to contribute to disease progression. This finding enables the discovery of novel targets and biomarkers for early diagnosis. In this review, we emphasize the principles of the technology, and its recent progress in the study of cellular heterogeneity and immune mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases. The application of single-cell transcriptomics analysis in neurodegenerative disorders would help explore the pathogenesis of these diseases and develop novel therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping He
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaiyue Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yilin Peng
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xisheng Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Jie
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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9
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Bormann D, Knoflach M, Poreba E, Riedl CJ, Testa G, Orset C, Levilly A, Cottereau A, Jauk P, Hametner S, Golabi B, Copic D, Klas K, Direder M, Kühtreiber H, Salek M, zur Nedden S, Baier-Bitterlich G, Kiechl S, Haider C, Endmayr V, Höftberger R, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. Single nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell type-specific responses to ischemic stroke. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573302. [PMID: 38234821 PMCID: PMC10793395 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Reactive neuroglia critically shape the braińs response to ischemic stroke. However, their phenotypic heterogeneity impedes a holistic understanding of the cellular composition and microenvironment of the early ischemic lesion. Here we generated a single cell resolution transcriptomics dataset of the injured brain during the acute recovery from permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. This approach unveiled infarction and subtype specific molecular signatures in oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes, which ranged among the most transcriptionally perturbed cell types in our dataset. Specifically, we characterized and compared infarction restricted proliferating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), mature oligodendrocytes and heterogeneous reactive astrocyte populations. Our analyses unveiled unexpected commonalities in the transcriptional response of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes to ischemic injury. Moreover, OPCs and reactive astrocytes were involved in a shared immuno-glial cross talk with stroke specific myeloid cells. In situ, osteopontin positive myeloid cells accumulated in close proximity to proliferating OPCs and reactive astrocytes, which expressed the osteopontin receptor CD44, within the perilesional zone specifically. In vitro, osteopontin increased the migratory capacity of OPCs. Collectively, our study highlights molecular cross talk events which might govern the cellular composition and microenvironment of infarcted brain tissue in the early stages of recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bormann
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Knoflach
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emilia Poreba
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian J. Riedl
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulia Testa
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cyrille Orset
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Anthony Levilly
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Andreá Cottereau
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Philipp Jauk
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Hametner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bahar Golabi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragan Copic
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Direder
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Kühtreiber
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Salek
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie zur Nedden
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry, CCB-Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Baier-Bitterlich
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry, CCB-Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carmen Haider
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Endmayr
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik J. Ankersmit
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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10
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Wurl JA, Mac Nair CE, Dietz JA, Shestopalov VI, Nickells RW. Contralateral Astrocyte Response to Acute Optic Nerve Damage Is Mitigated by PANX1 Channel Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15641. [PMID: 37958624 PMCID: PMC10647301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glial reactivity is considered a hallmark of damage-induced innate immune responses in the central nervous system. In the visual system, unilateral optic nerve damage elicits dramatic glial reactivity in the retina directly affected by the lesion and a similar, albeit more modest, effect in the contralateral eye. Evaluation of astrocyte changes in a mouse model of optic nerve crush indicates that astrocyte reactivity, as a function of retinal coverage and cellular hypertrophy, occurs within both the experimental and contralateral retinas, although the hypertrophic response of the astrocytes in the contralateral eyes is delayed for at least 24 h. Evaluation of astrocytic reactivity as a function of Gfap expression indicates a similar, muted but significant, response in contralateral eyes. This constrained glial response is completely negated by conditional knock out of Panx1 in both astrocytes and Müller cells. Further studies are required to identify if this is an autocrine or a paracrine suppression of astroglial reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A. Wurl
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.A.W.); (C.E.M.N.); (J.A.D.)
| | - Caitlin E. Mac Nair
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.A.W.); (C.E.M.N.); (J.A.D.)
| | - Joel A. Dietz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.A.W.); (C.E.M.N.); (J.A.D.)
| | - Valery I. Shestopalov
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Robert W. Nickells
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.A.W.); (C.E.M.N.); (J.A.D.)
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Pauwels EK, Boer GJ. Friends and Foes in Alzheimer's Disease. Med Princ Pract 2023; 32:313-322. [PMID: 37788649 PMCID: PMC10727688 DOI: 10.1159/000534400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disabling neurodegenerative disease. The prognosis is poor, and currently there are no proven effective therapies. Most likely, the etiology is related to cerebral inflammatory processes that cause neuronal damage, resulting in dysfunction and apoptosis of nerve cells. Pathogens that evoke a neuroinflammatory response, collectively activate astrocytes and microglia, which contributes to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This leads to the deposit of clustered fragments of beta-amyloid and misfolded tau proteins which do not elicit an adequate immune reaction. Apart from the function of astrocytes and microglia, molecular entities such as TREM2, SYK, C22, and C33 play a role in the physiopathology of AD. Furthermore, bacteria and viruses may trigger an overactive inflammatory response in the brain. Pathogens like Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumonia, and Porphyromonas gingivalis (known for low-grade infection in the oral cavity) can release gingipains, which are enzymes that can damage and destroy neurons. Chronic infection with Borrelia burgdorferi (the causative agent of Lyme disease) can co-localize with tau tangles and amyloid deposits. As for viral infections, herpes simplex virus 1, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus can play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Present investigations have resulted in the development of antibodies that can clear the brain of beta-amyloid plaques. Trials with humanized aducanumab, lecanemab, and donanemab revealed limited success in AD patients. However, AD should be considered as a continuum in which the initial preclinical phase may take 10 or even 20 years. It is generally thought that this phase offers a window for efficacious treatment. Therefore, research is also focused on the identification of biomarkers for early AD detection. In this respect, the plasma measurement of neurofilament light chain in patients treated with hydromethylthionine mesylate may well open a new way to prevent the formation of tau tangles and represents the first treatment for AD at its roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest K.J. Pauwels
- Leiden University and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J. Boer
- Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Collyer E, Blanco-Suarez E. Astrocytes in stroke-induced neurodegeneration: a timeline. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 3:1240862. [PMID: 39086680 PMCID: PMC11285566 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1240862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is a condition characterized by sudden deprivation of blood flow to a brain region and defined by different post-injury phases, which involve various molecular and cellular cascades. At an early stage during the acute phase, fast initial cell death occurs, followed by inflammation and scarring. This is followed by a sub-acute or recovery phase when endogenous plasticity mechanisms may promote spontaneous recovery, depending on various factors that are yet to be completely understood. At later time points, stroke leads to greater neurodegeneration compared to healthy controls in both clinical and preclinical studies, this is evident during the chronic phase when recovery slows down and neurodegenerative signatures appear. Astrocytes have been studied in the context of ischemic stroke due to their role in glutamate re-uptake, as components of the neurovascular unit, as building blocks of the glial scar, and synaptic plasticity regulators. All these roles render astrocytes interesting, yet understudied players in the context of stroke-induced neurodegeneration. With this review, we provide a summary of previous research, highlight astrocytes as potential therapeutic targets, and formulate questions about the role of astrocytes in the mechanisms during the acute, sub-acute, and chronic post-stroke phases that may lead to neurorestoration or neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Blanco-Suarez
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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