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Xu R, Liu Z, Li H, Luo L, Zheng Y, Mu F, Liu Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu Y. Influence of PCDH9 (rs9540720) and narcissistic personality traits on the incidence of major depressive disorder in Chinese first-year university students: findings from a 2-year cohort study. Front Genet 2024; 14:1267972. [PMID: 38384361 PMCID: PMC10879931 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1267972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the influence of the polymorphism of the protocadherin 9 (PCDH9) gene and the narcissistic personality trait (NPT) on the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Chinese first-year university students. Methods: A 2-year cohort study was conducted among Chinese first-year university students who were enrolled in 2018 from two universities in Shandong Province, China. The snapshot technique was used to detect the genotypes of PCDH9 (rs9540720). The Chinese version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used for the MDD assessment. The NPTs were measured by 11 items based on DSM-IV. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Logistic regression modeling was carried out to examine the relationship between rs9540720, NPTs, and the incidence of MDD. Results: A total of 5,327 students participated in the baseline and follow-up studies and provided their blood samples. PCDH9 (rs9540720) (ORGG+GA = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.35-4.02) and NPTs (OR5-9 = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.40-3.64) increased the risk of MDD onset. There was no multiplicative interaction between NPTs and Rs9540720 (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 0.30-7.63). Furthermore, there was no additive interaction between them (RERI = 2.40, 95% CI: -0.82-5.62; AP = 0.47, 95% CI: -0.04-0.97; and S = 2.37, 95% CI: 0.54-10.33). Conclusion: PCDH9 (rs9540720) and more NPTs are the risk factors for the incidence of MDD in Chinese first-year university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Xu
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhaorui Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyun Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Luo
- Department of Hematology, Tai’an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fuqin Mu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Weixin Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jianli Wang
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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