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Calado CMSDS, Manhães-de-Castro R, da Conceição Pereira S, da Silva Souza V, Barbosa LNF, Dos Santos Junior OH, Lagranha CJ, Juárez PAR, Torner L, Guzmán-Quevedo O, Toscano AE. Resveratrol Reduces Neuroinflammation and Hippocampal Microglia Activation and Protects Against Impairment of Memory and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Experimental Cerebral Palsy. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3619-3640. [PMID: 38001357 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and postural impairments. However, early brain injury can promote deleterious effects on the hippocampus, impairing memory. This study aims to investigate the effects of resveratrol treatment on memory, anxiety-like behavior, and neuroinflammation markers in rats with CP. Male Wistar rats were subjected to perinatal anoxia (P0-P1) and sensory-motor restriction (P2-P28). They were treated with resveratrol (10 mg/kg, 0.1 ml/100 g) or saline from P3-P21, being divided into four experimental groups: CS (n = 15), CR (n = 15), CPS (n = 15), and CPR (n = 15). They were evaluated in the tests of novel object recognition (NORT), T-Maze, Light-Dark Box (LDB), and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM). Compared to the CS group, the CPS group has demonstrated a reduced discrimination index on the NORT (p < 0.0001) and alternation on the T-Maze (p < 0.01). In addition, the CPS group showed an increase in permanence time on the dark side in LDB (p < 0.0001) and on the close arms of the EPM (p < 0.001). The CPR group demonstrated an increase in the object discrimination index (p < 0.001), on the alternation (p < 0.001), on the permanence time on the light side (p < 0.0001), and on the open arms (p < 0.001). The CPR group showed a reduction in gene expression of IL-6 (p = 0.0175) and TNF-α (p = 0.0007) and an increase in Creb-1 levels (p = 0.0020). The CPS group showed an increase in the activated microglia and a reduction in cell proliferation in the hippocampus, while CPR animals showed a reduction of activated microglia and an increase in cell proliferation. These results demonstrate promising effects of resveratrol in cerebral palsy behavior impairment through reduced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Matheus Santos da Silva Calado
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Conceição Pereira
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Vanessa da Silva Souza
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Leticia Nicoly Ferreira Barbosa
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Osmar Henrique Dos Santos Junior
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Pedro Alberto Romero Juárez
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuronutrition and Food Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM), Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, 61651, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 58330, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Luz Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 58330, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Omar Guzmán-Quevedo
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuronutrition and Food Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TECNM), Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, 61651, Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 58330, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
- Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Do Alto Do Reservatório S/N, Bela Vista, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil.
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Nikolic B, Trnski-Levak S, Kosic K, Drlje M, Banovac I, Hranilovic D, Jovanov-Milosevic N. Lasting mesothalamic dopamine imbalance and altered exploratory behavior in rats after a mild neonatal hypoxic event. Front Integr Neurosci 2024; 17:1304338. [PMID: 38304737 PMCID: PMC10832065 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1304338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adversities during the perinatal period can decrease oxygen supply to the fetal brain, leading to various hypoxic brain injuries, which can compromise the regularity of brain development in different aspects. To examine the catecholaminergic contribution to the link between an early-life hypoxic insult and adolescent behavioral aberrations, we used a previously established rat model of perinatal hypoxia but altered the hypobaric to normobaric conditions. Methods Exploratory and social behavior and learning abilities were tested in 70 rats of both sexes at adolescent age. Inherent vertical locomotion, sensory-motor functions and spatial learning abilities were explored in a subset of animals to clarify the background of altered exploratory behavior. Finally, the concentrations of dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline in midbrain and pons, and the relative expression of genes for DA receptors D1 and D2, and their down-stream targets (DA- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa, the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A, and inhibitor-5 of protein phosphatase 1) in the hippocampus and thalamus were investigated in 31 rats. Results A lesser extent of alterations in exploratory and cognitive aspects of behavior in the present study suggests that normobaric conditions mitigate the hypoxic injury compared to the one obtained under hypobaric conditions. Increased exploratory rearing was the most prominent consequence, with impaired spatial learning in the background. In affected rats, increased midbrain/pons DA content, as well as mRNA levels for DA receptors and their down-stream elements in the thalamus, but not the hippocampus, were found. Conclusion We can conclude that a mild hypoxic event induced long-lasting disbalances in mesothalamic DA signaling, contributing to the observed behavioral alterations. The thalamus was thereby indicated as another structure, besides the well-established striatum, involved in mediating hypoxic effects on behavior through DA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Nikolic
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Trnski-Levak
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Kosic
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Drlje
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Banovac
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department for Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Hranilovic
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Natasa Jovanov-Milosevic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Bordet S, Luaces JP, Herrera MI, Gonzalez LM, Kobiec T, Perez-Lloret S, Otero-Losada M, Capani F. Neuroprotection from protein misfolding in cerebral hypoperfusion concurrent with metabolic syndrome. A translational perspective. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1215041. [PMID: 37650104 PMCID: PMC10463751 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1215041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on clinical and experimental evidence, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are considered risk factors for chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) and neurodegeneration. Scientific evidence suggests that protein misfolding is a potential mechanism that explains how CCH can lead to either Alzheimer's disease (AD) or vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of experimental studies regarding this issue. Using several animal paradigms and different markers of CCH, scientists have discussed the extent to which MetSor T2D causes a decrease in cerebral blood flow (CBF). In addition, different models of CCH have explored how long-term reductions in oxygen and energy supply can trigger AD or VCID via protein misfolding and aggregation. Research that combines two or three animal models could broaden knowledge of the links between these pathological conditions. Recent experimental studies suggest novel neuroprotective properties of protein-remodeling factors. In this review, we present a summarized updated revision of preclinical findings, discussing clinical implications and proposing new experimental approaches from a translational perspective. We are confident that research studies, both clinical and experimental, may find new diagnostic and therapeutic tools to prevent neurodegeneration associated with MetS, diabetes, and any other chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) associated with diet and lifestyle risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Bordet
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CAECIHS, UAI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Luaces
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CAECIHS, UAI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Ines Herrera
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CAECIHS, UAI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana Mirta Gonzalez
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CAECIHS, UAI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamara Kobiec
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CAECIHS, UAI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Perez-Lloret
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Observatorio de Salud Pública, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CAECIHS, UAI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CAECIHS, UAI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Herrera MI, Udovin LD, Kobiec T, Toro-Urrego N, Kusnier CF, Kölliker-Frers RA, Luaces JP, Otero-Losada M, Capani F. Palmitoylethanolamide attenuates neurodevelopmental delay and early hippocampal damage following perinatal asphyxia in rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:953157. [PMID: 36090655 PMCID: PMC9452789 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.953157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired gas exchange close to labor causes perinatal asphyxia (PA), a neurodevelopmental impairment factor. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) proved neuroprotective in experimental brain injury and neurodegeneration models. This study aimed to evaluate PEA effects on the immature-brain, i.e., early neuroprotection by PEA in an experimental PA paradigm. Newborn rats were placed in a 37°C water bath for 19 min to induce PA. PEA 10 mg/kg, s.c., was administered within the first hour of life. Neurobehavioral responses were assessed from postnatal day 1 (P1) to postnatal day 21 (P21), recording the day of appearance of several reflexes and neurological signs. Hippocampal CA1 area ultrastructure was examined using electron microscopy. Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2), phosphorylated high and medium molecular weight neurofilaments (pNF H/M), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were assessed using immunohistochemistry and Western blot at P21. Over the first 3 weeks of life, PA rats showed late gait, negative geotaxis and eye-opening onset, and delayed appearance of air-righting, auditory startle, sensory eyelid, forelimb placing, and grasp reflexes. On P21, the hippocampal CA1 area showed signs of neuronal degeneration and MAP-2 deficit. PEA treatment reduced PA-induced hippocampal damage and normalized the time of appearance of gait, air-righting, placing, and grasp reflexes. The outcome of this study might prove useful in designing intervention strategies to reduce early neurodevelopmental delay following PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Facultad de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas D. Udovin
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamara Kobiec
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Facultad de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Toro-Urrego
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos F. Kusnier
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo A. Kölliker-Frers
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan P. Luaces
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: Francisco Capani,
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Cristiano C, Avagliano C, Cuozzo M, Liguori FM, Calignano A, Russo R. The Beneficial Effects of Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide in the Management of Neuropathic Pain and Associated Mood Disorders Induced by Paclitaxel in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081155. [PMID: 36009049 PMCID: PMC9406031 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common complication of antineoplastic drugs, particularly paclitaxel (PTX). It can affect the quality of patients’ lives and increase the risk of developing mood disorders. Although several drugs are recommended, they yielded inconclusive results in clinical trials. The aim of the present work is to investigate whether the palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) would reduce PTX-induced CIPN and associated mood disorders. Moreover, the role PPAR-α and the endocannabinoid system will also be investigated. CIPN was induced by intraperitoneally injection of PTX (8 mg/kg) every other day for a week. PEA, 30 mg/kg, was orally administrated in a bioavailable form (i.e., ultramicronized PEA, um-PEA) one hour after the last PTX injection, for 7 days. In the antagonism experiments, AM281 (1 mg/kg) and GW6471 (2 mg/kg) were administrated 30 min before um-PEA. Our results demonstrated that um-PEA reduced the development of hypersensitivity with the effect being associated with the reduction in spinal and hippocampal pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as antidepressive and anxiolytic effects. Moreover, the PPAR-α and CB1 receptor antagonists blocked the behavioral and antinociceptive effects of um-PEA. Our findings suggest that um-PEA is a promising adjunct in CIPN and associated mood disorders through the activation of PPAR-α, which influences the endocannabinoid system.
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Coccurello R, Marrone MC, Maccarrone M. The Endocannabinoids-Microbiota Partnership in Gut-Brain Axis Homeostasis: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:869606. [PMID: 35721203 PMCID: PMC9204215 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.869606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The latest years have witnessed a growing interest towards the relationship between neuropsychiatric disease in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and severe alterations in gut microbiota composition. In parallel, an increasing literature has focused the attention towards the association between derangement of the endocannabinoids machinery and some mechanisms and symptoms identified in ASD pathophysiology, such as alteration of neural development, immune system dysfunction, defective social interaction and stereotypic behavior. In this narrative review, we put together the vast ground of endocannabinoids and their partnership with gut microbiota, pursuing the hypothesis that the crosstalk between these two complex homeostatic systems (bioactive lipid mediators, receptors, biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes and the entire bacterial gut ecosystem, signaling molecules, metabolites and short chain fatty acids) may disclose new ideas and functional connections for the development of synergic treatments combining “gut-therapy,” nutritional intervention and pharmacological approaches. The two separate domains of the literature have been examined looking for all the plausible (and so far known) overlapping points, describing the mutual changes induced by acting either on the endocannabinoid system or on gut bacteria population and their relevance for the understanding of ASD pathophysiology. Both human pathology and symptoms relief in ASD subjects, as well as multiple ASD-like animal models, have been taken into consideration in order to provide evidence of the relevance of the endocannabinoids-microbiota crosstalk in this major neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Coccurello
- Institute for Complex Systems (ISC), National Council of Research (CNR), Rome, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberto Coccurello, ; Mauro Maccarrone,
| | - Maria Cristina Marrone
- Ministry of University and Research, Mission Unity for Recovery and Resilience Plan, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical and Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberto Coccurello, ; Mauro Maccarrone,
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Clayton P, Hill M, Bogoda N, Subah S, Venkatesh R. Palmitoylethanolamide: A Natural Compound for Health Management. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5305. [PMID: 34069940 PMCID: PMC8157570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
All nations which have undergone a nutrition transition have experienced increased frequency and falling latency of chronic degenerative diseases, which are largely driven by chronic inflammatory stress. Dietary supplementation is a valid strategy to reduce the risk and severity of such disorders. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endocannabinoid-like lipid mediator with extensively documented anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. It is well tolerated and devoid of side effects in animals and humans. PEA's actions on multiple molecular targets while modulating multiple inflammatory mediators provide therapeutic benefits in many applications, including immunity, brain health, allergy, pain modulation, joint health, sleep and recovery. PEA's poor oral bioavailability, a major obstacle in early research, has been overcome by advanced delivery systems now licensed as food supplements. This review summarizes the functionality of PEA, supporting its use as an important dietary supplement for lifestyle management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Clayton
- Institute of Food, Brain and Behaviour, Beaver House, 23-28 Hythe Bridge Street, Oxford OX1 2EP, UK
| | - Mariko Hill
- Gencor Pacific Limited, Discovery Bay, Lantau Island, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (M.H.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Nathasha Bogoda
- Gencor Pacific Limited, Discovery Bay, Lantau Island, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (M.H.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Silma Subah
- Gencor Pacific Limited, Discovery Bay, Lantau Island, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (M.H.); (N.B.); (S.S.)
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Colizzi M, Bortoletto R, Costa R, Zoccante L. Palmitoylethanolamide and Its Biobehavioral Correlates in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Evidence. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041346. [PMID: 33919499 PMCID: PMC8073263 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) pathophysiology is not completely understood; however, altered inflammatory response and glutamate signaling have been reported, leading to the investigation of molecules targeting the immune-glutamatergic system in ASD treatment. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a naturally occurring saturated N-acylethanolamine that has proven to be effective in controlling inflammation, depression, epilepsy, and pain, possibly through a neuroprotective role against glutamate toxicity. Here, we systematically reviewed all human and animal studies examining PEA and its biobehavioral correlates in ASD. Studies indicate altered serum/brain levels of PEA and other endocannabinoids (ECBs)/acylethanolamines (AEs) in ASD. Altered PEA signaling response to social exposure and altered expression/activity of enzymes responsible for the synthesis and catalysis of ECBs/AEs, as well as downregulation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) and cannabinoid receptor target GPR55 mRNA brain expression, have been reported. Stress and exposure to exogenous cannabinoids may modulate ECBs/AEs levels and expression of candidate genes for neuropsychiatric disorders, with implications for ASD. Limited research suggests that PEA supplementation reduces overall autism severity by improving language and social and nonsocial behaviors. Potential neurobiological underpinnings include modulation of immune response, neuroinflammation, neurotrophy, apoptosis, neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, neurodegeneration, mitochondrial function, and microbiota activity, possibly through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Colizzi
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.B.); (L.Z.)
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-812-6832
| | - Riccardo Bortoletto
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.B.); (L.Z.)
| | - Rosalia Costa
- Community Mental Health Team, Department of Mental Health, ASST Mantova, 46100 Mantua, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Zoccante
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.B.); (L.Z.)
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Petrosino S, Schiano Moriello A. Palmitoylethanolamide: A Nutritional Approach to Keep Neuroinflammation within Physiological Boundaries-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9526. [PMID: 33333772 PMCID: PMC7765232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a physiological response aimed at maintaining the homodynamic balance and providing the body with the fundamental resource of adaptation to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Although the response is initiated with protective purposes, the effect may be detrimental when not regulated. The physiological control of neuroinflammation is mainly achieved via regulatory mechanisms performed by particular cells of the immune system intimately associated with or within the nervous system and named "non-neuronal cells." In particular, mast cells (within the central nervous system and in the periphery) and microglia (at spinal and supraspinal level) are involved in this control, through a close functional relationship between them and neurons (either centrally, spinal, or peripherally located). Accordingly, neuroinflammation becomes a worsening factor in many disorders whenever the non-neuronal cell supervision is inadequate. It has been shown that the regulation of non-neuronal cells-and therefore the control of neuroinflammation-depends on the local "on demand" synthesis of the endogenous lipid amide Palmitoylethanolamide and related endocannabinoids. When the balance between synthesis and degradation of this bioactive lipid mediator is disrupted in favor of reduced synthesis and/or increased degradation, the behavior of non-neuronal cells may not be appropriately regulated and neuroinflammation exceeds the physiological boundaries. In these conditions, it has been demonstrated that the increase of endogenous Palmitoylethanolamide-either by decreasing its degradation or exogenous administration-is able to keep neuroinflammation within its physiological limits. In this review the large number of studies on the benefits derived from oral administration of micronized and highly bioavailable forms of Palmitoylethanolamide is discussed, with special reference to neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Napoli, Italy;
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030 Padova, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Napoli, Italy;
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030 Padova, Italy
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10
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Herrera MI, Kobiec T, Kölliker-Frers R, Otero-Losada M, Capani F. Synaptoprotection in Perinatal Asphyxia: An Experimental Approach. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2020; 12:35. [PMID: 33071771 PMCID: PMC7539062 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is an obstetric complication occurring when the oxygen supply to the newborn is temporally interrupted. This health problem is associated with high morbimortality in term and preterm neonates. It severely affects the brain structure and function, involving cortical, hippocampal, and striatal loss of neurons. Nearly 25% of PA survivor newborns develop several neurodevelopmental disabilities. Behavioral alterations, as well as the morphological and biochemical pathways involved in PA pathophysiology, have been studied using an animal model that resembles intrauterine asphyxia. Experimental evidence shows that PA induces synaptic derangement. Then, synaptic dysfunction embodies a putative target for neuroprotective strategies. Over the last years, therapeutic hypothermia (TH), the only treatment available, has shown positive results in the clinic. Several pharmacological agents are being tested in experimental or clinical trial studies to prevent synaptopathy. Preservation of the synaptic structure and function, i.e., “synaptoprotection,” makes up a promising challenge for reducing incidental neurodevelopmental disorders associated with PA. Accordingly, here, we summarize and review the findings obtained from the referred experimental model and propose a renewed overview in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Inés Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamara Kobiec
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo Kölliker-Frers
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Universidad Argentina John F. Kennedy, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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11
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Hamdy N, Eide S, Sun HS, Feng ZP. Animal models for neonatal brain injury induced by hypoxic ischemic conditions in rodents. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113457. [PMID: 32889009 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia and resulting encephalopathies are of significant concern. Intrapartum asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal death globally. Among surviving infants, there remains a high incidence of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, manifesting as mild conditions including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and debilitating disorders such as cerebral palsy. Various animal models of neonatal hypoxic brain injury have been implemented to explore cellular and molecular mechanisms, assess the potential of novel therapeutic strategies, and characterize the functional and behavioural correlates of injury. Each of the animal models has individual advantages and limitations. The present review looks at several widely-used and alternative rodent models of neonatal hypoxia and hypoxia-ischemia; it highlights their strengths and limitations, and their potential for continued and improved use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Hamdy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sarah Eide
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
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12
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Udovin LD, Kobiec T, Herrera MI, Toro-Urrego N, Kusnier CF, Kölliker-Frers RA, Ramos-Hryb AB, Luaces JP, Otero-Losada M, Capani F. Partial Reversal of Striatal Damage by Palmitoylethanolamide Administration Following Perinatal Asphyxia. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1345. [PMID: 31969800 PMCID: PMC6960201 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a clinical condition brought by a birth temporary oxygen deprivation associated with long-term damage in the corpus striatum, one of the most compromised brain areas. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a neuromodulator well known for its protective effects in brain injury models, including PA, albeit not deeply studied regarding its particular effects in the corpus striatum following PA. Using Bjelke et al. (1991) PA model, full-term pregnant rats were decapitated, and uterus horns were placed in a water bath at 37°C for 19 min. One hour later, the pups were injected with PEA 10 mg/kg s.c., and placed with surrogate mothers. After 30 days, the animals were perfused, and coronal striatal sections were collected to analyze protein-level expression by Western blot and the reactive area by immunohistochemistry for neuron markers: phosphorylated neurofilament-heavy/medium-chain (pNF-H/M) and microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), and the astrocyte marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Results indicated that PA produced neuronal damage and morphological changes. Asphyctic rats showed a decrease in pNF-H/M and MAP-2 reactive areas, GFAP+ cells number, and MAP-2 as well as pNF-H/M protein expression in the striatum. Treatment with PEA largely restored the number of GFAP+ cells. Most important, it ameliorated the decrease in pNF-H/M and MAP-2 reactive areas in asphyctic rats. Noticeably, PEA treatment reversed the decrease in MAP-2 protein expression and largely prevented PA-induced decrease in pNF-H/M protein expression. PA did not affect the GFAP protein level. Treatment with PEA attenuated striatal damage induced by PA, suggesting its therapeutic potential for the prevention of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas D Udovin
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamara Kobiec
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María I Herrera
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP), Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Toro-Urrego
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos F Kusnier
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo A Kölliker-Frers
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana B Ramos-Hryb
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan P Luaces
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- Institute of Cardiological Research, University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Universidad Argentina John F. Kennedy (UAJK), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Hohmann U, Pelzer M, Kleine J, Hohmann T, Ghadban C, Dehghani F. Opposite Effects of Neuroprotective Cannabinoids, Palmitoylethanolamide, and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol on Function and Morphology of Microglia. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1180. [PMID: 31787870 PMCID: PMC6853843 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various studies performed in cultured cells and in in vivo models of neuronal damage showed that cannabinoids exert a neuroprotective effect. The increase in cannabinoids and cannabinoid like substances after stroke has been postulated to limit the content of neuronal injury. As well-accepted, inflammation, and neuronal damage are coupled processes and microglial cells as the main intrinsic immunological effector within the brain play a central role in their regulation. Treatment with the endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) or the endocannabinoid-like substance, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) affected microglial cells and led to a decrease in the number of damaged neurons after excitotoxical lesion in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC). 2-AG activated abnormal cannabidiol (abn-CBD) receptor, PEA was shown to mediate neuroprotection via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α. Despite the known neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, the potential synergistic effect, namely possible entourage effect after treatment with the combination of these two protective cannabinoids has not been examined yet. After excitotoxical lesion OHSC were treated with PEA, 2-AG or a combination of both and the number of damaged neurons was evaluated. To investigate the role of microglial cells in PEA and 2-AG mediated protection, primary microglial cell cultures were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 2-AG, PEA or a combination of those. Thereafter, we measured NO production, ramification index, proliferation and PPARα distribution in microglial cells. While PEA or 2-AG alone were neuroprotective, their co-application vanished the protective effect. This behavior was independent of microglial cells. Furthermore, PEA and 2-AG had contrary effects on ramification index and on NO production. No significant changes were observed in the proliferation rate of microglial cells after treatment. The expression of PPARα was not changed upon stimulation with PEA or 2-AG, but the distribution was significantly altered. 2-AG and PEA mediated neuroprotection was abolished when co-applied. Both cannabinoids exert contrary effects on morphology and function of microglial cells. Co-application of both cannabinoids with different targets did not lead to a positive additive effect as expected, presumably due to the contrary polarization of microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Hohmann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Markus Pelzer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Joshua Kleine
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tim Hohmann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chalid Ghadban
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Faramarz Dehghani
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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14
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Toro-Urrego N, Vesga-Jiménez DJ, Herrera MI, Luaces JP, Capani F. Neuroprotective Role of Hypothermia in Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury: Combined Therapies using Estrogen. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:874-890. [PMID: 30520375 PMCID: PMC7052835 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666181206101314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is a complex network of factors, which is mainly characterized by a decrease in levels of oxygen concentration and blood flow, which lead to an inefficient supply of nutrients to the brain. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury can be found in perinatal asphyxia and ischemic-stroke, which represent one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in children and adults worldwide. Therefore, knowledge of underlying mechanisms triggering these insults may help establish neuroprotective treatments. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators and Selective Tissue Estrogenic Activity Regulators exert several neuroprotective effects, including a decrease of reactive oxygen species, maintenance of cell viability, mitochondrial survival, among others. However, these strategies represent a traditional approach of targeting a single factor of pathology without satisfactory results. Hence, combined therapies, such as the administration of therapeutic hypothermia with a complementary neuroprotective agent, constitute a promising alternative. In this sense, the present review summarizes the underlying mechanisms of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and compiles several neuroprotective strategies, including Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators and Selective Tissue Estrogenic Activity Regulators, which represent putative agents for combined therapies with therapeutic hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Toro-Urrego
- Address correspondence to this author at the Laboratorio de Citoarquitectura y Plasticidad Neuronal, Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; E-mail:
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15
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Ge QD, Tan Y, Luo Y, Wang WJ, Zhang H, Xie C. MiR-132, miR-204 and BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway may be involved in spatial learning and memory impairment of the offspring rats caused by fluorine and aluminum exposure during the embryonic stage and into adulthood. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 63:60-68. [PMID: 30172012 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine and aluminium are nervous system poisons, but it remains unclear whether combined fluorine and aluminium exposure damages spatial learning and memory and, if so, by what mechanism. This study showed that exposure to fluorine and aluminium, either alone or combined, during the embryonic stage and into adulthood caused spatial learning and memory impairment in offspring rats; its mechanism may be associated with increases in miR-132 and miR-204 expression and downregulation of the BDNF-TrkB pathway in the hippocampus. The effects of F were obvious, but the effects of Al were slight. There were antagonistic effects between F and Al, with Al reducing the toxicity of F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Di Ge
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Wen-Juan Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Chun Xie
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
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16
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Herrera MI, Udovin LD, Toro-Urrego N, Kusnier CF, Luaces JP, Otero-Losada M, Capani F. Neuroprotection Targeting Protein Misfolding on Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion in the Context of Metabolic Syndrome. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:339. [PMID: 29904335 PMCID: PMC5990610 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors that lead to microvascular dysfunction and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Long-standing reduction in oxygen and energy supply leads to brain hypoxia and protein misfolding, thereby linking CCH to Alzheimer's disease. Protein misfolding results in neurodegeneration as revealed by studying different experimental models of CCH. Regulating proteostasis network through pathways like the unfolded protein response (UPR), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and macroautophagy emerges as a novel target for neuroprotection. Lipoxin A4 methyl ester, baclofen, URB597, N-stearoyl-L-tyrosine, and melatonin may pose potential neuroprotective agents for rebalancing the proteostasis network under CCH. Autophagy is one of the most studied pathways of proteostatic cell response against the decrease in blood supply to the brain though the role of the UPR-specific chaperones and the UPS system in CCH deserves further research. Pharmacotherapy targeting misfolded proteins at different stages in the proteostatic pathway might be promising in treating cognitive impairment following CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas D Udovin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Toro-Urrego
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos F Kusnier
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan P Luaces
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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