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Wen S, Xu X, Kong J, Luo L, Yue P, Cao W, Zhang Y, Liu M, Fan Y, Chen J, Ma M, Tao L, Peng Y, Wang F, Dong Y, Li B, Luo S, Zhou G, Chen T, Li L, Liu A, Bao F. Comprehensive analyses of transcriptomes induced by Lyme spirochete infection to CNS model system. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 103:105349. [PMID: 35964914 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lyme disease is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the involvement of the nervous system in Lyme disease is usually referred to as Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). LNB has diverse clinical manifestations, most commonly including meningitis, Bell's palsy, and encephalitis. However, the molecular pathogenesis of neuroborreliosis is still poorly understood. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis following Bb infection could provide new insights into the pathogenesis of LNB and may identify novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets for LNB diagnosis and treatment. METHODS In the present study, we pooled transcriptomic dataset of Macaca mulatta (rhesus) from our laboratory and the human astrocyte dataset GSE85143 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to screen common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the Bb infection group and the control group. Functional and enrichment analyses were applied for the DEGs. Protein-Protein Interaction network, and hub genes were identified using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interaction Genes database and the CytoHubba plugin. Finally, mRNA expression of hub genes was validated in vitro and ex vivo from Bb infected models and normal controls by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS A total of 80 upregulated DEGs and 32 downregulated DEGs were identified. Among them, 11 hub genes were selected. The pathway enrichment analyses on 11 hub genes revealed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was significantly enriched. The mRNA levels of ANGPT1, TLR6, SREBF1, LDLR, TNC, and ITGA2 in U251 cells and/or rhesus brain explants by exposure to Bb were validated by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that TLR6, ANGPT1, LDLR, SREBF1, TNC, and ITGA may be candidate mammal biomarkers for LNB, and the TLR6/PI3K-Akt signaling pathway may play an important role in LNB pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Intensive Care Unit, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lisha Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Peng Yue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Meixiao Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuxin Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Mingbiao Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Children's Major Diseases Research, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650030, China
| | - Lvyan Tao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Children's Major Diseases Research, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650030, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bingxue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Suyi Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guozhong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Taigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lianbao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Children's Major Diseases Research, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650030, China; The Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Demonstration Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Tropical Diseases, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Fukai Bao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Children's Major Diseases Research, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650030, China; The Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Demonstration Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Tropical Diseases, Kunming 650500, China.
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2
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Lu Y, Zhang MX, Pang W, Song TZ, Zheng HY, Tian RR, Zheng YT. Transcription Factor ZNF683 Inhibits SIV/HIV Replication through Regulating IFNγ Secretion of CD8+ T Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040719. [PMID: 35458449 PMCID: PMC9030044 DOI: 10.3390/v14040719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary microbial invasion frequently occurs during AIDS progression in HIV patients. Inflammatory cytokines and other immunoregulatory factors play important roles in this process. We previously established an AIDS model of SIVmac239 infection in northern pig-tailed macaques (NPMs), which were divided into rapid progressor (RP) and slow progressor (SP) groups according to their AIDS progression rates. In this study, we performed 16S rDNA and transcriptome sequencing of the lungs to reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the difference in progression rate between the RPs and SPs. We found that microbial invasion in the RP group was distinct from that in the SP group, showing marker flora of the Family XI, Enterococcus and Ezakiella, and more Lactobacilli. Through pulmonary transcriptome analysis, we found that the transcription factor ZNF683 had higher expression in the SP group than in the RP group. In subsequent functional experiments, we found that ZNF683 increased the proliferation and IFNγ secretion ability of CD8+ T cells, thus decreasing SIV or HIV replication, which may be related to AIDS progression in SIVmac239-infected NPMs. This study helps elucidate the various complexities of disease progression in HIV-1-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Y.L.); (M.-X.Z.); (W.P.); (T.-Z.S.); (H.-Y.Z.); (R.-R.T.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Ming-Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Y.L.); (M.-X.Z.); (W.P.); (T.-Z.S.); (H.-Y.Z.); (R.-R.T.)
| | - Wei Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Y.L.); (M.-X.Z.); (W.P.); (T.-Z.S.); (H.-Y.Z.); (R.-R.T.)
| | - Tian-Zhang Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Y.L.); (M.-X.Z.); (W.P.); (T.-Z.S.); (H.-Y.Z.); (R.-R.T.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Hong-Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Y.L.); (M.-X.Z.); (W.P.); (T.-Z.S.); (H.-Y.Z.); (R.-R.T.)
| | - Ren-Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Y.L.); (M.-X.Z.); (W.P.); (T.-Z.S.); (H.-Y.Z.); (R.-R.T.)
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Y.L.); (M.-X.Z.); (W.P.); (T.-Z.S.); (H.-Y.Z.); (R.-R.T.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-871-65295684
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3
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Bi Y, Liu J, Ma M, Tao L, Peng Y, Dai X, Ji Z, Bai R, Jian M, Chen T, Luo L, Wang F, Ding Z, Liu A, Bao F. Comparative proteomics profiling revealed the involvement of GRB2-ROCK2 axis in Lyme neuroborreliosis caused by Borrelia Burgdorferi. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2312-2321. [PMID: 35212166 PMCID: PMC8995463 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The zoonotic Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, with wide distribution, rapid dissemination and high disability rate. However, the molecular mechanism underlying B. burgdorferi mediated neuroborreliosis remains largely unknown. Here, the frontal cortex from rhesus brains was incubated with B. burgdorferi, and proteomics profiling was evaluated by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation. Proteins were identified and quantified, and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were isolated by comparing co-cultured samples and control samples. A total of 43, 164 and 368 DEPs were significantly altered after 6, 12 and 24 h treatment with B. burgdorferi respectively. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that chemokine biological process was significantly enriched. Two genes in chemokine pathway including GRB2 and ROCK2 were significantly up-regulated after B. burgdorferi co-culturing. By in vitro assay, we confirmed that the expression of GRB2 and ROCK2 was increased after B. burgdorferi infection. In conclusion, our study revealed the involvement of chemokine pathway in the pathogenesis of LNB. GRB2 and ROCK2 may be novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Bi
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingbiao Ma
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lvyan Tao
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiting Dai
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenhua Ji
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruolan Bai
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Miaomiao Jian
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Taigui Chen
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lisha Luo
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhe Ding
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fukai Bao
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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4
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Ford L, Tufts DM. Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Mechanisms of B. burgdorferi Infection of the Nervous System. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11060789. [PMID: 34203671 PMCID: PMC8232152 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme borreliosis is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in the United States, infecting ~476,000 people annually. Borrelia spp. spirochetal bacteria are the causative agents of Lyme disease in humans and are transmitted by Ixodes spp ticks. Clinical manifestations vary depending on which Borrelia genospecies infects the patient and may be a consequence of distinct organotropism between species. In the US, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto is the most commonly reported genospecies and infection can manifest as mild to severe symptoms. Different genotypes of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto may be responsible for causing varying degrees of clinical manifestations. While the majority of Lyme borreliae-infected patients fully recover with antibiotic treatment, approximately 15% of infected individuals experience long-term neurological and psychological symptoms that are unresponsive to antibiotics. Currently, long-term antibiotic treatment remains the only FDA-approved option for those suffering from these chronic effects. Here, we discuss the current knowledge pertaining to B. burgdorferi sensu stricto infection in the central nervous system (CNS), termed Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), within North America and specifically the United States. We explore the molecular mechanisms of spirochete entry into the brain and the role B. burgdorferi sensu stricto genotypes play in CNS infectivity. Understanding infectivity can provide therapeutic targets for LNB treatment and offer public health understanding of the B. burgdorferi sensu stricto genotypes that cause long-lasting symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenzie Ford
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Danielle M. Tufts
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Department, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (D.M.T.)
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5
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Li L, Luo L, Chen T, Cao W, Xu X, Zhang Y, Yue P, Fan Y, Chen J, Liu M, Ma M, Tao L, Peng Y, Dong Y, Li B, Luo S, Kong J, Zhou G, Wen S, Liu A, Bao F. Proteomic Analysis of Rhesus Macaque Brain Explants Treated With Borrelia burgdorferi Identifies Host GAP-43 as a Potential Factor Associated With Lyme Neuroborreliosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:647662. [PMID: 34178719 PMCID: PMC8224226 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.647662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is one of the most dangerous manifestations of Lyme disease, but the pathogenesis and inflammatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Methods Cultured explants from the frontal cortex of rhesus monkey brain (n=3) were treated with live Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 6, 12, and 24 h. Total protein was collected for sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. In addition, changes in protein expression in the explants over time following Bb treatment were screened. Results We identified 1237 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs; fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.67, P-value ≤0.05). One of these, growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43), was highly expressed at all time points in the explants. The results of the protein-protein interaction network analysis of DEPs suggested that GAP-43 plays a role in the neuroinflammation associated with LNB. In HMC3 cells incubated with live Bb or PBS for 6, 12, and 24 h, real-time PCR and western blot analyses confirmed the increase of GAP-43 mRNA and protein, respectively. Conclusions Elevated GAP-43 expression is a potential marker for LNB that may be useful for diagnosis or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lisha Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Taigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Yue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuxin Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Meixiao Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingbiao Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lvyan Tao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bingxue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Suyi Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guozhong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shiyuan Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Children's Major Diseases Research, The Children's Hospital of Kunming/Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Demonstration Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Tropical Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Fukai Bao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Children's Major Diseases Research, The Children's Hospital of Kunming/Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Demonstration Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Tropical Diseases, Kunming, China
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6
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Pei W, Fu L, Li SQ, Yu Y. Brain transcriptomics of nonhuman primates: A review. Neurosci Lett 2021; 753:135872. [PMID: 33812931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The brain is one of the most important and intricate organs in our bodies. Interpreting brain function and illustrating the changes and molecular mechanisms during physiological or pathological processes are essential but sometimes difficult to achieve. In addition to histology, ethology and pharmacology, the development of transcriptomics alleviates this condition by enabling high-throughput observation of the brain at various levels of anatomical specificity. Moreover, because human brain samples are scarce, the brains of nonhuman primates are important alternative models. Here in this review, we summarize the applications of transcriptomics in nonhuman primate brain studies, including investigations of brain development, aging, toxic effects and diseases. Overall, as a powerful tool with developmental potential, transcriptomics has been widely utilized in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Pei
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shui-Qing Li
- Department of Pain, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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7
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Ding Z, Sun L, Bi Y, Zhang Y, Yue P, Xu X, Cao W, Luo L, Chen T, Li L, Ji Z, Jian M, Lu L, Abi ME, Liu A, Bao F. Integrative Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses Provide New Insights Into the Interaction Between Live Borrelia burgdorferi and Frontal Cortex Explants of the Rhesus Brain. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:518-529. [PMID: 32196082 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), which is neurotropic, can attack the central nervous system (CNS), leading to the development of various neurologic symptoms. The pathogenesis of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) remains poorly understood. Presently, there is a lack of knowledge of the changes in mRNA and proteins in the CNS following early disseminated Lyme disease. Explants from the frontal cortex of 3 rhesus brains were incubated with medium alone or with medium containing live Bb for 6, 12, or 24 hours. Then, we analyzed identified mRNA and proteins in the frontal cortex tissues, allowing for an in-depth view of the transcriptome and proteome for a macroscopic and unbiased understanding of early disseminated Lyme disease in the brain. Through bioinformatics analysis, a complex network of enriched pathways that were mobilized during the progression of Lyme spirochete infection was described. Furthermore, based on the analysis of omics data, translational regulation, glycosaminoglycan/proteoglycan-binding activity in colonization and dissemination to tissues, disease-associated genes, and synaptic function were enriched, which potentially play a role in pathogenesis during the interaction between frontal cortex tissues and spirochetes. These integrated omics results provide unbiased and comprehensive information for the further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of LNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ding
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Luyun Sun
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities
| | - Yunfeng Bi
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities
| | - Yu Zhang
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Peng Yue
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Xin Xu
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University
| | - Wenjing Cao
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University
| | - Lisha Luo
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University
| | - Taigui Chen
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Lianbao Li
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Zhenhua Ji
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Miaomiao Jian
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University
| | - Lihong Lu
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities
| | - Manzama-Esso Abi
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Aihua Liu
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Children's Major Diseases Research, The Children's Hospital of Kunming.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University.,Yunnan Demonstration Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Tropical Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Fukai Bao
- From the Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases in Universities.,Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Children's Major Diseases Research, The Children's Hospital of Kunming.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,Yunnan Demonstration Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Tropical Diseases, Kunming, China
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8
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Torres JP, Senejani AG, Gaur G, Oldakowski M, Murali K, Sapi E. Ex Vivo Murine Skin Model for B. burgdorferi Biofilm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E528. [PMID: 32824942 PMCID: PMC7558507 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, has been recently shown to form biofilm structures in vitro and in vivo. Biofilms are tightly clustered microbes characterized as resistant aggregations that allow bacteria to withstand harsh environmental conditions, including the administration of antibiotics. Novel antibiotic combinations have recently been identified for B. burgdorferi in vitro, however, due to prohibiting costs, those agents have not been tested in an environment that can mimic the host tissue. Therefore, researchers cannot evaluate their true effectiveness against B. burgdorferi, especially its biofilm form. A skin ex vivo model system could be ideal for these types of experiments due to its cost effectiveness, reproducibility, and ability to investigate host-microbial interactions. Therefore, the main goal of this study was the establishment of a novel ex vivo murine skin biopsy model for B. burgdorferi biofilm research. Murine skin biopsies were inoculated with B. burgdorferi at various concentrations and cultured in different culture media. Two weeks post-infection, murine skin biopsies were analyzed utilizing immunohistochemical (IHC), reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and various microscopy methods to determine B. burgdorferi presence and forms adopted as well as whether it remained live in the skin tissue explants. Our results showed that murine skin biopsies inoculated with 1 × 107 cells of B. burgdorferi and cultured in BSK-H + 6% rabbit serum media for two weeks yielded not just significant amounts of live B. burgdorferi spirochetes but biofilm forms as well. IHC combined with confocal and atomic force microscopy techniques identified specific biofilm markers and spatial distribution of B. burgdorferi aggregates in the infected skin tissues, confirming that they are indeed biofilms. In the future, this ex vivo skin model can be used to study development and antibiotic susceptibility of B. burgdorferi biofilms in efforts to treat Lyme disease effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eva Sapi
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (J.P.T.); (A.G.S.); (G.G.); (M.O.); (K.M.)
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