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Fu R, Liu H, Zhang Y, Mao L, Zhu L, Jiang H, Zhang L, Liu X. Imidacloprid affects the visual behavior of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) by mediating the expression of opsin and phototransduction genes and altering the metabolism of neurotransmitters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168572. [PMID: 37992846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the visual toxicity of imidacloprid and the underlying molecular mechanisms in adult zebrafish. After exposure to imidacloprid at environmental relevant concentrations (10 and 100μg/L) for 21 days, the detectable contents of imidacloprid were 23.0 ± 0.80 and 121 ± 1.56 ng/mg in eyes of adult zebrafish, respectively. The visual behavior of adult zebrafish was impaired including a reduced ability to track smoothly visual stimuli and visually guided self-motion. The immunofluorescence experiment showed that the content of Rhodopsin (Rho) in the retina of zebrafish was changed significantly. The expression rhythm of genes played key roles in capturing photons in dim (rho) and bright (opn1mw3, opn1lw2 and opn1sw2) light, and in phototransduction (gnb3b, arr3a and rpe65a), was disrupted significantly throughout a 24-h period in adult zebrafish. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed that the content of 16 metabolites associated with neurotransmitter function changed significantly, and were enriched in top three metabolism pathways including Arginine biosynthesis, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and Tryptophan metabolism. These results indicated that imidacloprid exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations could cause optical toxicity through disturbing the expression of opsins and affecting the phototransduction in the retina of zebrafish adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liangang Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lizhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongyun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xingang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Subramaniam S, Boregowda S. Curbing Rhes Actions: Mechanism-based Molecular Target for Huntington's Disease and Tauopathies. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:21-29. [PMID: 36959146 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230320103518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
A highly interconnected network of diverse brain regions is necessary for the precise execution of human behaviors, including cognitive, psychiatric, and motor functions. Unfortunately, degeneration of specific brain regions causes several neurodegenerative disorders, but the mechanisms that elicit selective neuronal vulnerability remain unclear. This knowledge gap greatly hinders the development of effective mechanism-based therapies, despite the desperate need for new treatments. Here, we emphasize the importance of the Rhes (Ras homolog-enriched in the striatum) protein as an emerging therapeutic target. Rhes, an atypical small GTPase with a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) E3-ligase activity, modulates biological processes such as dopaminergic transmission, alters gene expression, and acts as an inhibitor of motor stimuli in the brain striatum. Mutations in the Rhes gene have also been identified in selected patients with autism and schizophrenia. Moreover, Rhes SUMOylates pathogenic form of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) and tau, enhancing their solubility and cell toxicity in Huntington's disease and tauopathy models. Notably, Rhes uses membrane projections resembling tunneling nanotubes to transport mHTT between cells and Rhes deletion diminishes mHTT spread in the brain. Thus, we predict that effective strategies aimed at diminishing brain Rhes levels will prevent or minimize the abnormalities that occur in HD and tauopathies and potentially in other brain disorders. We review the emerging technologies that enable specific targeting of Rhes in the brain to develop effective disease-modifying therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Subramaniam
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, C323, Florida, Jupiter, 33458, USA
| | - Siddaraju Boregowda
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, C323, Florida, Jupiter, 33458, USA
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Nogo D, Nazal H, Song Y, Teopiz KM, Ho R, McIntyre RS, Lui LMW, Rosenblat JD. A review of potential neuropathological changes associated with ketamine. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2022; 21:813-831. [PMID: 35502632 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2022.2071867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Ketamine is an established intervention for treatment resistant depression (TRD). However, long-term adverse effects with repeated doses remain insufficiently characterized. Although several animal models have shown N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonists to produce various neuropathological reactions, attention surrounding the risk of brain lesions has been minimal. AREAS COVERED : The current review focuses on potential neuropathological changes associated with ketamine. Search terms included variations of ketamine, Olney lesions, tau hyperphosphorylation, and parvalbumin interneurons. EXPERT OPINION : Daily high-dose ketamine use in substance use disorder (SUD) populations was associated with clear neurotoxic effects, while no studies specifically evaluated effects of ketamine protocols used for TRD. It is difficult to discern effects directly attributable to ketamine due to methodological factors, such as comorbidities and dramatic differences in dose in SUD populations versus infrequent sub-anesthetic doses typically prescribed for TRD. Taken together, animal models and human ketamine SUD populations suggest potential neuropathology with chronic high-dose ketamine exposure exceeding those recommended for adults with TRD. It is unknown whether repeat sub-anesthetic dosing of ketamine in adults with TRD is associated with Olney lesions or other neuropathologies. In the interim, practitioners should be vigilant for this possibility recognizing that the condition itself is associated with neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Nogo
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hana Nazal
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Yuetong Song
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kayla M Teopiz
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leanna M W Lui
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joshua D Rosenblat
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada
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Liao RM, Pattij T. Neural basis of operant behaviors maintained on the differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedule in rodents. Brain Res Bull 2022; 185:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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