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Kalyuzhnaya YN, Logvinov AK, Pashkevich SG, Golubova NV, Seryogina ES, Potapova EV, Dremin VV, Dunaev AV, Demyanenko SV. An Alternative Photothrombotic Model of Transient Ischemic Attack. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01285-2. [PMID: 39069596 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Animal models mimicking human transient ischemic attack (TIA) and cerebral microinfarcts are essential tools for studying their pathogenetic mechanisms and finding methods of their treatment. Despite its advantages, the model of single arteriole photothrombosis requires complex experimental equipment and highly invasive surgery, which may affect the results of further studies. Hence, to achieve high translational potential, we focused on developing a TIA model based on photothrombosis of arterioles to combine good reproducibility and low invasiveness. For the first time, noninvasive laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) was used to monitor blood flow in cerebral arterioles and reperfusion was achieved. We demonstrate that irradiation of mouse cerebral cortical arterioles using a 532-nm laser with a 1-mm-wide beam at 2.4 or 3.7 mW for 55 or 40 s, respectively, after 15 mg/kg intravenous Rose Bengal administration, induces similar ischemia-reperfusion lesions resulting in microinfarct formation. The model can be used to study the pathogenesis of spontaneously developing cerebral microinfarcts in neurodegeneration. Reducing the exposure times by 10 s while maintaining the same other parameters caused photothrombosis of the arteriole with reperfusion in less than 1 h. This mode of photodynamic exposure caused cellular and subcellular level ischemic changes in neurons and promoted the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the first day after irradiation, but not later, without the formation of microinfarcts. This mode of photodynamic exposure most accurately reproduced human TIA, characterized by the absence of microinfarcts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Kalyuzhnaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 194/1 Stachki Ave, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - A K Logvinov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 194/1 Stachki Ave, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - S G Pashkevich
- State Scientific Institution "Institute of Physiology, of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus", Akademicheskaya Str., 28, 220072, Minsk, Belarus
| | - N V Golubova
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 95 Komsomolskaya St, Orel, 302026, Russia
| | - E S Seryogina
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 95 Komsomolskaya St, Orel, 302026, Russia
| | - E V Potapova
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 95 Komsomolskaya St, Orel, 302026, Russia
| | - V V Dremin
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 95 Komsomolskaya St, Orel, 302026, Russia
| | - A V Dunaev
- Research and Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 95 Komsomolskaya St, Orel, 302026, Russia
| | - S V Demyanenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 194/1 Stachki Ave, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
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Kalyuzhnaya Y, Khaitin A, Demyanenko S. Modeling transient ischemic attack via photothrombosis. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1279-1286. [PMID: 37974996 PMCID: PMC10643708 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The health significance of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) is largely underestimated. Often, TIAs are not given significant importance, and in vain, because TIAs are a predictor of the development of serious cardiovascular diseases and even death. Because of this, and because of the difficulty in diagnosing the disease, TIAs and related microinfarcts are poorly investigated. Photothrombotic models of stroke and TIA allow reproducing the occlusion of small brain vessels, even single ones. When dosing the concentration of photosensitizer, intensity and irradiation time, it is possible to achieve occlusion of well-defined small vessels with high reproducibility, and with the help of modern methods of blood flow assessment it is possible to achieve spontaneous restoration of blood flow without vessel rupture. In this review, we discuss the features of microinfarcts and the contemporary experimental approaches used to model TIA and microinfarcts, with an emphasis on models using the principle of photothrombosis of brain vessels. We review modern techniques for in vivo detection of blood flow in small brain vessels, as well as biomarkers of microinfarcts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.N. Kalyuzhnaya
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - A.M. Khaitin
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - S.V. Demyanenko
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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Gerasimova-Meigal L, Meigal A, Gerasimova M, Sklyarova A, Sirotinina E. Cerebral Circulation and Brain Temperature during an Ultra-Short Session of Dry Immersion in Young Subjects. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2023; 30:209-218. [PMID: 37218916 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology30020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of the study was to assess cerebral circulation in healthy young subjects during an ultra-short (45 min) session of ground-based microgravity modeled by "dry" immersion (DI), with the help of a multifunctional Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) analyzer. In addition, we tested a hypothesis that cerebral temperature would grow during a DI session. The supraorbital area of the forehead and forearm area were tested before, within, and after a DI session. Average perfusion, five oscillation ranges of the LDF spectrum, and brain temperature were assessed. Within a DI session, in the supraorbital area most of LDF parameters remained unchanged except for a 30% increase in respiratory associated (venular) rhythm. The temperature of the supraorbital area increased by up to 38.5 °C within the DI session. In the forearm area, the average value of perfusion and its nutritive component increased, presumably due to thermoregulation. In conclusion, the results suggest that a 45 min DI session does not exert a substantial effect on cerebral blood perfusion and systemic hemodynamics in young healthy subjects. Moderate signs of venous stasis were observed, and brain temperature increased during a DI session. These findings must be thoroughly validated in future studies because elevated brain temperature during a DI session can contribute to some reactions to DI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila Gerasimova-Meigal
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Petrozavodsk State University, 33, Lenin Pr., 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Meigal
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Petrozavodsk State University, 33, Lenin Pr., 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Maria Gerasimova
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Petrozavodsk State University, 33, Lenin Pr., 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Anna Sklyarova
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Petrozavodsk State University, 33, Lenin Pr., 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Sirotinina
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Petrozavodsk State University, 33, Lenin Pr., 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia
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