Sleep Quality and Insomnia Are Associated With Quality of Life in Functional Dyspepsia

Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Local Wisdom and Web-Based Counseling on Generalized Anxiety Disorders and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Adolescent College Girls: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND

The high academic demands experienced by students will often have an impact on the quality of their mental and physical health. The most common health problems reported are gastrointestinal disorders. This condition tends to manifest in the emergence of generalized anxiety disorders (GADs) and reduces the quality of life and productivity. The population that experiences this disorder the most is female adolescents, and this condition occurs in both South African and Indonesian populations. The use of drugs, especially benzodiazepines, often causes psychological conditions as side effects. For this reason, it is necessary to have a solution in the form of a targeted and efficient approach to reduce psychological symptoms that arise from functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in the form of anxiety.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to produce and implement a counseling intervention model to assist female students with GADs caused by FGID factors using an approach combining cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), web-based counseling, and local wisdom in Indonesian and South African populations.

METHODS

The research subjects will comprise 118 female adolescent students from Indonesia and 118 female adolescent students from South Africa, making a total sample of 236 participants, and the study will use a prospective, parallel randomized controlled trial design. The recruitment process will begin in July 2023, and the trial will begin in August 2023. The posttest assessment data gathering will take place by November 2023. Questionnaires that will be used in this study include the Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder Checklist (FGI-Checklist) to collect data related to FGIDs and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) to measure the anxiety conditions experienced by respondents.

RESULTS

By adopting the intention-to-treat principle, there will be significant mean changes in GAD scores and FGID scores after exposure to this combined approach in the Indonesian and South African populations. Implementing this comprehensive intervention will improve the students' psychological symptoms related to FGIDs and ultimately enhance their overall well-being.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will develop and implement a model of counseling intervention for female students with GADs obtained from FGIDs using a combination approach to CBT, web-based counseling, and local wisdom in both the Indonesian and South African populations. The trial findings will contribute to our understanding of the effects of CBT combined with local wisdom and web-based counseling approaches that mental health counselors can use to treat GAD-affected adolescent girls who have FGIDs.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

UMIN Clinical Trial Registry UMIN000051386; https://tinyurl.com/yjwz8kht.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/50316.

[Prevalence Survey of Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Chinese College Students Based on Rome Ⅳ Diagnostic Criteria]

Objective

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among college students in China.

Methods

An online questionnaire survey of college students aged 17-35 from across China was conducted. The online questionnaire survey was supplemented by an offline survey. A total of 2025 valid samples were included for statistical analysis. χ 2 test and logistic regression were performed for statistical analysis.

Results

The prevalence of FD among college students who met the Rome Ⅳ diagnostic criteria was 5.5% (112/2025), with most of them, or 66.1% (74/112), suffering from postprandial discomfort syndrome (PDS). Smoking (odds ratio [ OR]=2.334, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.187-4.589, P=0.014), depression ( OR=2.447, 95% CI: 1.421-4.214, P=0.001), and insomnia ( OR=1.947, 95% CI: 1.291-2.937, P=0.001) were positively correlated with the prevalence of FD. The prevalence of IBS was 1.9% (38/2025), with IBS-diarrhea dominant (IBS-D) being the most important subtype that accounted for 44.7%. Anxiety ( OR=3.63, 95% CI: 1.34-9.88, P=0.012) and insomnia ( OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.18-4.68, P=0.015) were positively correlated with the prevalence of IBS.

Conclusion

Based on Rome Ⅳ criteria, IBS and FD are not uncommon among Chinese university students. Psychological disorders and some related lifestyle factors may be related to the development of the disease. In the future, more series of studies based on different diagnostic criteria, different regions, and multiple factors should be conducted in China.

U-shaped association between sleep duration with chronic constipation and diarrhea: A population-based study

To examine the association between sleep duration with chronic constipation and diarrhea, we collected demographic and questionnaire data of participants from The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the period 2005 to 2010. A restricted cubic spline curve function was used to determine the association between sleep duration and chronic constipation or diarrhea. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between sleep duration groups and chronic constipation or diarrhea. 14,054 eligible participants were included in this study. Among all sleep durations, 7 hours sleep per day had the highest percentage of normal stool forms (86.3%, P < .001), while people with ≤4 hours sleep had a higher number of bowel movements per week (P < .001). RCS models demonstrated a significant nonlinear association between sleep duration and risk of chronic constipation (P < .001). The inflection points of the U-shaped association curve corresponded to 7 hours of sleep per day. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that compared to participants with 7 hours daily sleep duration, participants with ≤4 hours and ≥10 hours sleep duration had a 54% (95%CI: (1.16-2.04), P = .002) and 90% (95%CI: (1.33-2.72), P < .001) higher risk of constipation, respectively. There is a non-linear association between sleep duration and the risk of chronic constipation. Our findings indicate that both shorter and longer sleep duration are associated with an increased risk of constipation.