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Zhu F. Modifications of whey proteins for emulsion based applications: Current status, issues and prospectives. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113935. [PMID: 38309906 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Whey proteins are a major group of dairy proteins with high potential for various food based applications. Whey protein isolate has a limited range of functionalities. This functional range can be expanded using diverse modification methods to suit specific applications. This review summarizes the recent advances in the modifications of whey proteins using chemical, physical, and enzymatic methods and their combinations as well as the modification effects on the physicochemical properties. The uses of these modified whey proteins in emulsion based food and beverage systems are described. The limitations in the studies summarized are critically discussed, while future research directions are suggested on how to better utilize whey proteins for emulsion based uses through modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhu
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Monasterio A, Osorio FA. Physicochemical Properties of Nanoliposomes Encapsulating Grape Seed Tannins Formed with Ultrasound Cycles. Foods 2024; 13:414. [PMID: 38338549 PMCID: PMC10855365 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Grape seeds are an excellent source of flavonoids and tannins with powerful antioxidant properties. However, the astringency of tannins limits their direct incorporation into food. To overcome this challenge, we investigated the encapsulation of grape seed tannins within nanoliposomes formed by ultrasound cycling. We characterized the nanoliposomes' physicochemical properties, including encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant activity, stability, microstructure, and rheological properties. Our findings reveal that the nanoliposomes exhibited excellent stability under refrigerated conditions for up to 90 days with a mean particle size of 228 ± 26 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.598 ± 0.087, and a zeta potential of -41.6 ± 1.30 mV, maintaining a spherical multilamellar microstructure. Moreover, they displayed high antioxidant activity, with encapsulation efficiencies of 79% for epicatechin and 90% for catechin. This innovative approach demonstrates the potential of using ultrasound-assisted nanoliposome encapsulation to directly incorporate grape seed tannins into food matrices, providing a sustainable and efficient method for enhancing their bioavailability and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando A. Osorio
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Technological Faculty, University of Santiago—Chile, USACH, Av. El Belloto 3735, Estación Central, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
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Hossain MS, Roney M, Bin Mohd Yunus MY, Shariffuddin JH. Virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and MM-GBSA approaches identify prospective fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inhibitors from pineapple for diabetes management. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37916669 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2276889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes affects millions globally and poses treatment challenges. Targeting the enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) in gluconeogenesis and exploring plant-based therapies offer potential solutions for improving diabetes management while supporting sustainability and medicinal advancements. Utilizing pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) waste as a source of drug precursors could be valuable for health and environmental care due to its medicinal benefits and abundant yearly biomass production. Therefore, this study conducted a virtual screening to identify potential natural compounds from pineapple that could inhibit FBPase activity. A total of 112 compounds were screened for drug-likeness and ADMET properties, and molecular docking simulations were performed on 20 selected compounds using blind docking. The lead compound, butane-2,3-diyl diacetate, was subjected to 100 ns MD simulations, revealing a binding energy of -5.4 kcal/mol comparable to metformin (-5.6 kcal/mol). The MD simulation also confirmed stable complexes with crucial hydrogen bonds. Glu20, Ala24, Thr27, Gly28, Glu29, Leu30, Val160, Met177, Asp178, and Cys179 were identified as key amino acids that stabilized the human liver FBPase-butane-2,3-diyl diacetate complex, while Tyr215 and Asp218 played a crucial role in the human liver FBPase-Metformin complex. Our study indicates that the lead compound has high intestinal solubility. Therefore, it would show rapid bloodstream distribution and effective action on the target protein, making butane-2,3-diyl diacetate a potential antidiabetic drug candidate. However, further investigations in vitro, preclinical, and clinical trials are required to thoroughly assess its efficacy and safety.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sanower Hossain
- Centre for Sustainability of Mineral and Resource Recovery Technology (Pusat SMaRRT), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yusri Bin Mohd Yunus
- Centre for Sustainability of Mineral and Resource Recovery Technology (Pusat SMaRRT), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kuantan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Jun Haslinda Shariffuddin
- Centre for Sustainability of Mineral and Resource Recovery Technology (Pusat SMaRRT), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kuantan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kuantan, Malaysia
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Nascimento APS, Carvalho AJDBA, Lima MDS, Barros SL, Ribeiro S, Pasqualli M, Lisboa HM, Barros AN. Enhancing Antioxidant Retention through Varied Wall Material Combinations in Grape Spray Drying and Storage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1745. [PMID: 37760048 PMCID: PMC10525094 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The encapsulation of bioactive compounds, which spans phytochemicals, vitamins, antioxidants, and other precious substances, has risen to prominence as a crucial area of interest spanning various domains, including food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. This investigation delved into the efficacy of distinct wall materials-whey protein isolate, high methoxy pectin, and gum arabic-when employed individually or in combination to encapsulate and preserve phenolic compounds and antioxidants during storage. The encapsulation process involved spray-drying bioactive compounds extracted from grapes. Over a span of 120 days, the stability of these encapsulated compounds was meticulously evaluated, encompassing assessments via different antioxidant capacity assays, phenolic content analyses, and high-performance liquid chromatography measurements. The modeling of retention kinetics during storage facilitated the comprehension of the release mechanisms. Notably, the findings underscore the pivotal role of wall materials in preserving these bioactive compounds, with each material or combination of materials exhibiting varying degrees of protective capacity. Remarkably, the synergistic blend of whey protein, pectin, and gum arabic showcased the utmost retention of bioactive compounds over this study's period. The amassed data distinctly show that an amalgamation of wall materials can indeed considerably enhance the stability of encapsulated bioactive compounds, presenting promising applications within the realms of both the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Priscila Silva Nascimento
- Post-Graduate Program Process Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Av. Aprigio Veloso, 882, Campina Grande 58400-900, PB, Brazil; (A.P.S.N.); (S.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Ana Júlia de Brito Araújo Carvalho
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Institute of Sertão Pernambucano, CEP, Petrolina 56314-522, PE, Brazil; (A.J.d.B.A.C.); (M.d.S.L.)
| | - Marcos dos Santos Lima
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Institute of Sertão Pernambucano, CEP, Petrolina 56314-522, PE, Brazil; (A.J.d.B.A.C.); (M.d.S.L.)
| | - Samela Leal Barros
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Federal University of Ceára, Av. da Universidade, 2853—Benfica, CEP, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil;
| | - Samara Ribeiro
- Post-Graduate Program Process Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Av. Aprigio Veloso, 882, Campina Grande 58400-900, PB, Brazil; (A.P.S.N.); (S.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Matheus Pasqualli
- Post-Graduate Program Process Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Av. Aprigio Veloso, 882, Campina Grande 58400-900, PB, Brazil; (A.P.S.N.); (S.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Hugo M. Lisboa
- Post-Graduate Program Process Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Av. Aprigio Veloso, 882, Campina Grande 58400-900, PB, Brazil; (A.P.S.N.); (S.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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