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Kordi N, Saydi A, Azimi M, Mazdarani F, Gadruni K, Jung F, Karami S. Cuproptosis and physical training: A review. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH242329. [PMID: 39031346 DOI: 10.3233/ch-242329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Copper is an essential element in the human body, involved in many physiological and metabolic functions, including coagulation, oxidative metabolism, and hormone production. The maintenance of copper homeostasis within cells is a complex procedure that is intrinsically controlled by a multitude of intricate mechanisms. Disorders of copper homeostasis encompass a wide range of pathological conditions, including degenerative neurological diseases, metabolic disorders, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and tumors. Cuproptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic mode of cell death mode, is characterized by copper dependence and the regulation of mitochondrial respiration. Cuproptosis represents a novel form of cell death distinct from the previously described modes, including apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Excess copper has been shown to induce cuproptosis by stimulating protein toxic stress responses via copper-dependent abnormal oligomerization of lipoylation proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the subsequent reduction of iron-sulfur cluster protein levels. Ferredoxin1 facilitates the lipoacylation of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, which in turn degrades iron-sulfur cluster proteins by reducing Cu2+ to Cu+, thereby inducing cell death. Furthermore, copper homeostasis is regulated by the copper transporter, and disturbances in this homeostasis result in cuproptosis. Current evidence suggests that cuproptosis plays an important role in the onset and development of several cardiovascular diseases. Copper-chelating agents, including ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (VI) and DL-penicillamine, have been shown to facilitate the alleviation of cardiovascular disease by inhibiting cuproptosis. It is hypothesized that oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors such as physical training may inhibit cuproptosis by inhibiting the protein stress response. In conclusion, the implementation of physical training may be a viable strategy to reducte the incidence of cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Kordi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Saydi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maliheh Azimi
- Faculty of Physical Education, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Farivar Mazdarani
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Gadruni
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Kurdistan Education Office, Ministry of Education, Kurdistan, Iran
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Sajad Karami
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
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El-Houseiny W, Arisha AH, Behairy A, Metwally MMM, Abdel-Warith AWA, Younis EM, Davies SJ, Hassan BA, Abd-Elhakim YM. The immunosuppressive, growth-hindering, hepatotoxic, and oxidative stress and immune related-gene expressions-altering effects of gibberellic acid in Oreochromis niloticus: A mitigation trial using alpha-lipoic acid. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105725. [PMID: 38225080 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of gibberellic acid (GBA) on growth, hemato-biochemical parameters related to liver functions, digestive enzymes, and immunological response in Oreochromis niloticus. Besides, the probable underlying mechanisms were explored by assessing antioxidant, apoptotic, and immune-related gene expression. Furthermore, the likelihood of restoration following alpha-lipoic acid (LIP) dietary supplementation was explored. The fish (average initial weight 30.75 ± 0.46) were equally classified into four groups: the control group, the LIP group (fed on a basal diet plus 600 mg/kg of LIP), the GBA group (exposed to 150 mg GBA/L), and the GBA + LIP group (exposed to 150 mg GBA/L and fed a diet containing LIP and GBA) for 60 days. The study findings showed that LIP supplementation significantly reduced GBA's harmful effects on survival rate, growth, feed intake, digestive enzymes, and antioxidant balance. Moreover, the GBA exposure significantly increased liver enzymes, stress markers, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, all of which were effectively mitigated by the supplementation of LIP. Additionally, LIP addition to fish diets significantly minimized the histopathological alterations in the livers of GBA-treated fish, including fatty change, sharply clear cytoplasm with nuclear displacement to the cell periphery, single-cell necrosis, vascular congestion, and intralobular hemorrhages. The GBA-induced reduction in lysozyme activity, complement C3, and nitric oxide levels, together with the downregulation of antioxidant genes (cat and sod), was significantly restored by dietary LIP. Meanwhile, adding LIP to the GBA-exposed fish diets significantly corrected the aberrant expression of hsp70, caspase- 3, P53, pcna, tnf-a, and il-1β in O. niloticus liver. Conclusively, dietary LIP supplementation could mitigate the harmful effects of GBA exposure on fish growth and performance, physiological conditions, innate immunity, antioxidant capability, inflammatory response, and cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa El-Houseiny
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed H Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology and Clinical pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Salman international University, Ras sidr, Egypt.; Department of pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig university, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simon J Davies
- Aquaculture Nutrition Research Unit ANRU, Carna Research Station, Ryan Institute, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91V8Y1 Galway, Ireland
| | - Bayan A Hassan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
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Petrović DJ, Jagečić D, Krasić J, Sinčić N, Mitrečić D. Effect of Fetal Bovine Serum or Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Cell Survival and the Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells: The Influence of Homocysteine Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14161. [PMID: 37762465 PMCID: PMC10531752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro cell culture is a routinely used method which is also applied for in vitro modeling of various neurological diseases. On the other hand, media used for cell culture are often not strictly standardized between laboratories, which hinders the comparison of the obtained results. Here, we compared the effects of homocysteine (Hcy), a molecule involved in neurodegeneration, on immature cells of the nervous system cultivated in basal medium or media supplemented by either fetal bovine serum or basic fibroblast growth factor. The number of cells in basal media supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was 2.5 times higher in comparison to the number of cells in basal media supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS). We also found that the neuron-specific β-3-tubulin protein expression dose dependently decreased with increasing Hcy exposure. Interestingly, bFGF exerts a protective effect on β-3-tubulin protein expression at a concentration of 1000 µM Hcy compared to FBS-treated neural stem cells on Day 7. Supplementation with bFGF increased SOX2 protein expression two-fold compared to FBS supplementation. GFAP protein expression increased five-fold on Day 3 in FBS-treated neural stem cells, whereas on Day 7, bFGF increased GFAP expression two-fold compared to FBS-treated neural stem cells. Here, we have clearly shown that the selection of culturing media significantly influences various cellular parameters, which, in turn, can lead to different conclusions in experiments based on in vitro models of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dražen Juraj Petrović
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.J.P.); (D.J.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- BIMIS—Biomedical Research Center Šalata, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Denis Jagečić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.J.P.); (D.J.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- BIMIS—Biomedical Research Center Šalata, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jure Krasić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.J.P.); (D.J.)
- BIMIS—Biomedical Research Center Šalata, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Neurogenomics and In Situ Hybridization, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nino Sinčić
- BIMIS—Biomedical Research Center Šalata, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers (epiMark), Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.J.P.); (D.J.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- BIMIS—Biomedical Research Center Šalata, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Wang D, Tian Z, Zhang P, Zhen L, Meng Q, Sun B, Xu X, Jia T, Li S. The molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis and its relevance to cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114830. [PMID: 37150036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, cuproptosis has been demonstrated to be a new non-apototic cell death mode that is characterized by copper dependence and the regulation of mitochondrial respiration. Cuproptosis is distinct from known cell death modes such as apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, or ferroptosis. Excessive copper induces cuproptosis by promoting protein toxic stress reactions via copper-dependent anomalous oligomerization of lipoylation proteins in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and reducing iron-sulfur cluster protein levels. Ferredoxin1 (FDX1) promotes dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (DLAT) lipoacylation and abates iron-sulfur cluster proteins by reducing Cu2+ to Cu+, inducing cell death. Copper homeostasis depends on the copper transporter, and disturbances to this homeostasis cause cuproptosis. Recent evidence has shown that cuproptosis plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of many cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and arrhythmias. Copper chelators, such as ammonium tetrathiomolybdate(VI) and DL-Penicillamine, may ease the above cardiovascular diseases by inhibiting the cuproptosis pathway. Oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors may inhibit cuproptosis by inhibiting protein stress response. In conclusion, cuproptosis plays an essential role in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Inhibition of cardiovascular cuproptosis is expected to become a potential treatment. Here, we will thoroughly review the molecular mechanisms involved in cuproptosis and its significance in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health. Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational. Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zibo Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zibo, China
| | - Lv Zhen
- Department of Cardiology, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Qingju Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zoucheng Xiangcheng Town Health Center, Jining, China
| | - Benteng Sun
- Department of Primary and Secondary education, Qufu Mingde School, Jining, China
| | - Xingli Xu
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Jia
- Department of Geratology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengqiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Chen YF, Hsu CC, Chung CH. Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters Conjugated with α-Lipoic Acid. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3868. [PMID: 36364646 PMCID: PMC9654421 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent gold nanoclusters conjugated with α-lipoic acid (FANC) is a promising biocompatible fluorescent nanomaterial with a high potential for drug development. However, there is still no FANC-related research on toxicology, which is very important for future research and the development of healthy food supplements or drugs. This study uses oral administration of FANC to determine the most appropriate dose range in ICR mice for further evaluation. The in vivo acute and subacute toxicity study was conducted by oral administration of FANC to male and female ICR mice. Animal survival, body weight, daily food consumption, hematological profile, organ coefficient, serum biochemistry profile, and histopathological changes were analyzed. FANC did not show any form of morbidity or mortality at acute and subacute toxicity in both male and female ICR mice. Animal behavior, daily food consumption, hematological profile, organ coefficient, and histopathology showed no treatment-related malignant changes at single and repeated doses. Furthermore, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CRE) levels showed no significant malignant changes, which indicated that FANC does not cause liver and renal damage. The only change observed in this study was the change in body weight. The body weight of the FANC-treated group was slightly decreased in female mice but increased in male mice; however, the body weight decreases were below the threshold of concern, and there was no dose-response effect. In conclusion, no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in repeated doses was considered in 20 μM/100 μL/25 g male and female ICR mice.
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