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Pelos G, Riester M, Pal J, Myacheva K, Moneke I, Rotondo JC, Lübbert M, Diederichs S. Fast proliferating and slowly migrating non-small cell lung cancer cells are vulnerable to decitabine and retinoic acid combinatorial treatment. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1029-1042. [PMID: 37947765 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are often elderly or unfit and thus cannot tolerate standard aggressive therapy regimes. In our study, we test the efficacy of the DNA-hypomethylating agent decitabine (DAC) in combination with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which has been shown to possess little systemic adverse effects. Screening a broad panel of 56 NSCLC cell lines uncovered a decrease in cell viability after the combination treatment in 77% of the cell lines. Transcriptomics, proteomics, proliferation and migration profiling revealed that fast proliferating and slowly migrating cell lines were more sensitive to the drug combination. The comparison of mutational profiles found oncogenic KRAS mutations only in sensitive cells. Additionally, different cell lines showed a heterogeneous gene expression response to the treatment pointing to diverse mechanisms of action. Silencing KRAS, RIG-I or RARB partially reversed the sensitivity of KRAS-mutant NCI-H460 cells. To study resistance, we generated two NCI-H460 cell populations resistant to ATRA and DAC, which migrated faster and proliferated slower than the parental sensitive cells and showed signs of senescence. In summary, this comprehensive dataset uncovers a broad sensitivity of NSCLC cells to the combinatorial treatment with DAC and ATRA and indicates that migration and proliferation capacities correlate with and could thus serve as determinants for drug sensitivity in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pelos
- Division of Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marisa Riester
- Division of Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jagriti Pal
- Division of Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ksenia Myacheva
- Division of Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, A Partnership Between DKFZ and University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Moneke
- Division of Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lübbert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sven Diederichs
- Division of Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, A Partnership Between DKFZ and University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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2
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Sozio F, Schioppa T, Laffranchi M, Salvi V, Tamassia N, Bianchetto-Aguilera FM, Tiberio L, Bonecchi R, Bosisio D, Parmentier M, Bottazzi B, Leone R, Russo E, Bernardini G, Garofalo S, Limatola C, Gismondi A, Sciumè G, Mantovani A, Del Prete A, Sozzani S. CCRL2 Expression by Specialized Lung Capillary Endothelial Cells Controls NK-cell Homing in Lung Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1280-1295. [PMID: 37343073 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Patterns of receptors for chemotactic factors regulate the homing of leukocytes to tissues. Here we report that the CCRL2/chemerin/CMKLR1 axis represents a selective pathway for the homing of natural killer (NK) cells to the lung. C-C motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) is a nonsignaling seven-transmembrane domain receptor able to control lung tumor growth. CCRL2 constitutive or conditional endothelial cell targeted ablation, or deletion of its ligand chemerin, were found to promote tumor progression in a Kras/p53Flox lung cancer cell model. This phenotype was dependent on the reduced recruitment of CD27- CD11b+ mature NK cells. Other chemotactic receptors identified in lung-infiltrating NK cells by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), such as Cxcr3, Cx3cr1, and S1pr5, were found to be dispensable in the regulation of NK-cell infiltration of the lung and lung tumor growth. scRNA-seq identified CCRL2 as the hallmark of general alveolar lung capillary endothelial cells. CCRL2 expression was epigenetically regulated in lung endothelium and it was upregulated by the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza). In vivo administration of low doses of 5-Aza induced CCRL2 upregulation, increased recruitment of NK cells, and reduced lung tumor growth. These results identify CCRL2 as an NK-cell lung homing molecule that has the potential to be exploited to promote NK cell-mediated lung immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sozio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schioppa
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Laffranchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Italy
| | | | - Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marc Parmentier
- WELBIO and I.R.I.B.H.M., Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Roberto Leone
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Garofalo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
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3
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Ma C, Li F, He Z, Zhao S, Yang Y, Gu Z. Prognosis and personalized treatment prediction in lung adenocarcinoma: An in silico and in vitro strategy adopting cuproptosis related lncRNA towards precision oncology. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1113808. [PMID: 36874011 PMCID: PMC9975170 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1113808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a rapid increase in lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD), and studies suggest associations between cuproptosis and the occurrence of various types of tumors. However, it remains unclear whether cuproptosis plays a role in LUAD prognosis. Methods: Dataset of the TCGA-LUAD was treated as training cohort, while validation cohort consisted of the merged datasets of the GSE29013, GSE30219, GSE31210, GSE37745, and GSE50081. Ten studied cuproptosis-related genes (CRG) were used to generated CRG clusters and CRG cluster-related differential expressed gene (CRG-DEG) clusters. The differently expressed lncRNA that with prognosis ability between the CRG-DEG clusters were put into a LASSO regression for cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature (CRLncSig). Kaplan-Meier estimator, Cox model, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), time-dependent AUC (tAUC), principal component analysis (PCA), and nomogram predictor were further deployed to confirm the model's accuracy. We examined the model's connections with other forms of regulated cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. The immunotherapy ability of the signature was demonstrated by applying eight mainstream immunoinformatic algorithms, TMB, TIDE, and immune checkpoints. We evaluated the potential drugs for high risk CRLncSig LUADs. Real-time PCR in human LUAD tissues were performed to verify the CRLncSig expression pattern, and the signature's pan-cancer's ability was also assessed. Results: A nine-lncRNA signature, CRLncSig, was built and demonstrated owning prognostic power by applied to the validation cohort. Each of the signature genes was confirmed differentially expressed in the real world by real-time PCR. The CRLncSig correlated with 2,469/3,681 (67.07%) apoptosis-related genes, 13/20 (65.00%) necroptosis-related genes, 35/50 (70.00%) pyroptosis-related genes, and 238/380 (62.63%) ferroptosis-related genes. Immunotherapy analysis suggested that CRLncSig correlated with immune status, and checkpoints, KIR2DL3, IL10, IL2, CD40LG, SELP, BTLA, and CD28, were linked closely to our signature and were potentially suitable for LUAD immunotherapy targets. For those high-risk patients, we found three agents, gemcitabine, daunorubicin, and nobiletin. Finally, we found some of the CRLncSig lncRNAs potentially play a vital role in some types of cancer and need more attention in further studies. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest our cuproptosis-related CRLncSig can help to determine the outcome of LUAD and the effectiveness of immunotherapy, as well as help to better select targets and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhanfeng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuoyu Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Traube FR, Brás NF, Roos WP, Sommermann CC, Diehl T, Mayer RJ, Ofial AR, Müller M, Zipse H, Carell T. Epigenetic Anti-Cancer Treatment With a Stabilized Carbocyclic Decitabine Analogue. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200640. [PMID: 35285586 PMCID: PMC9314125 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Decitabine, AzadC) is a nucleoside analogue, which is in clinical use to treat patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia. Its mode of action is unusual because the compound is one of the few drugs that act at the epigenetic level of the genetic code. AzadC is incorporated as an antimetabolite into the genome and creates covalent, inhibitory links to DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) that methylate 2'-deoxycytidine (dC) to 5-methyl-dC (mdC). Consequently, AzadC treatment leads to a global loss of mdC, which presumably results in a reactivation of silenced genes, among them tumor suppressor and DNA damage response genes. Because AzadC suffers from severe instability, which limits its use in the clinic, a more sophisticated AzadC derivative would be highly valuable. Here, we report that a recently developed carbocyclic AzadC analogue (cAzadC) blocks DNMT1 in the AML cell line MOLM-13 as efficient as AzadC. Moreover, cAzadC has a surprisingly strong anti-proliferative effect and leads to a significantly higher number of double strand breaks compared to AzadC, while showing less off-target toxicity. These results show that cAzadC triggers more deleterious repair and apoptotic pathways in cancer cells than AzadC, which makes cAzadC a promising next generation epigenetic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska R. Traube
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Natércia F. Brás
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
- LAQV-REQUIMTEDepartamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre s/n4169-007PortoPortugal
| | - Wynand P. Roos
- Institut für ToxikologieUniversitätsmedizin MainzObere Zahlbacher Str. 6755131MainzGermany
| | - Corinna C. Sommermann
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Tamara Diehl
- Institut für ToxikologieUniversitätsmedizin MainzObere Zahlbacher Str. 6755131MainzGermany
| | - Robert J. Mayer
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
- Present address: Institut des Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS)Université des Strasbourg & CNRS8 Allée Gaspard Monge67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Markus Müller
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
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Wang Y, Huang J, Wu Q, Zhang J, Ma Z, Zhu L, Xia B, Ma S, Zhang S. Decitabine Sensitizes the Radioresistant Lung Adenocarcinoma to Pemetrexed Through Upregulation of Folate Receptor Alpha. Front Oncol 2021; 11:668798. [PMID: 34079760 PMCID: PMC8165306 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.668798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the backbone of subsequent treatment for patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) exhibiting radiation resistance, and pemetrexed plays a critical role in this chemotherapy. However, few studies have assessed changes in the sensitivity of LUAD cells to pemetrexed under radioresistant circumstances. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to delineate changes in the sensitivity of radioresistant LUAD cells to pemetrexed and to elucidate the related mechanisms and then develop an optimal strategy to improve the cytotoxicity of pemetrexed in radioresistant LUAD cells. Our study showed a much lower efficacy of pemetrexed in radioresistant cells than in parental cells, and the mechanism of action was the significant downregulation of folate receptor alpha (FRα) by long-term fractionated radiotherapy, which resulted in less cellular pemetrexed accumulation. Interestingly, decitabine effectively reversed the decrease in FRα expression in radioresistant cells through an indirect regulatory approach. Thereafter, we designed a combination therapy of pemetrexed and decitabine and showed that the activation of FRα by decitabine sensitizes radioresistant LUAD cells to pemetrexed both in vitro and in xenografts. Our findings raised a question regarding the administration of pemetrexed to patients with LUAD exhibiting acquired radioresistance and accordingly suggested that a combination of pemetrexed and decitabine would be a promising treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- The Fourth College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lucheng Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cancer Medical Center, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Cheng H, Zou Y, Shah CD, Fan N, Bhagat TD, Gucalp R, Kim M, Verma A, Piperdi B, Spivack SD, Halmos B, Perez-Soler R. First-in-human study of inhaled Azacitidine in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2021; 154:99-104. [PMID: 33636454 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerosolized Azacitidine has been shown to inhibit orthotopic lung cancer growth and induce re-expression of methylated tumor suppressor genes in murine models. We hypothesized that inhaled Azacitidine is safe and effective in reversing epigenetic changes in the bronchial epithelium secondary to chronic smoking. PATIENTS AND METHODS We report the first in human study of inhaled Azacitidine. Azacitidine in aqueous solution was used to generate an aerosol suspension of 0.25-5 μm particle size. Main inclusion criteria: Stage IV or recurrent NSCLC with predominantly lung involvement, ≥1 prior systemic therapy, ECOG PS 0-1, and adequate pulmonary function. Patients received inhaled Azacitidine daily on days 1-5 and 15-19 of 28-day cycles, at 3 escalating doses (15, 30 and 45 mg/m2 daily). The primary objective was to determine the feasibility and tolerability of this new therapeutic modality. The key secondary objectives included pharmacokinetics, methylation profiles and efficacy. RESULTS From 3/2015 to 2/2018, eight patients received a median number of 2 (IQR = 1) cycles of inhaled Azacitidine. No clinically significant adverse events were observed, except one patient treated at the highest dose developed an asymptomatic grade 2 decreased DLCO which resolved spontaneously. One patient receiving 12 cycles of therapy had an objective and durable partial response, and two patients had stable disease. Plasma Azacitidine was only briefly detectable in patients treated at the higher doses. Moreover, in 2 of 3 participants who agreed and underwent pre- and post-treatment bronchoscopy, the global DNA methylation in the bronchial epithelium decreased by 24 % and 79 % post-therapy, respectively. The interval between last inhaled treatment and bronchoscopy was 3 days. CONCLUSIONS Inhaled Azacitidine resulted in negligible plasma levels compared to the previously reported subcutaneous administration and was well-tolerated. The results justify the continued development of inhaled Azacitidine at non-cytotoxic doses for patients with lung-confined malignant and/or premalignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA.
| | - Yiyu Zou
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Chirag D Shah
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Ni Fan
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Tushar D Bhagat
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Rasim Gucalp
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Mimi Kim
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | | | - Simon D Spivack
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Balazs Halmos
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA
| | - Roman Perez-Soler
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461, USA.
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Zhu Z, Lin S, Wu X, Xu J, Li L, Ye W, Li J, Huang Z. Decitabine and Cisplatin are Synergistic to Exert Anti-Tumor Effect on Gastric Cancer via Inducing Sox2 DNA Demethylation. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:623-636. [PMID: 33519210 PMCID: PMC7837578 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s276168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin is a vital chemotherapy regimen for gastric cancer (GC), while partial response is observed (approximately 40%) because of drug resistance. Thus, it is urgent to improve drug sensitivity to improve the therapeutic effect of cisplatin on GC. Purpose The study was performed to explore the synergistic effect of decitabine and cisplatin in GC. Materials and Methods Cancer and matched adjacent tissues from patients with GC were obtained and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate Sox2 expression level. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was performed to assess the effect of 5-aza-2ʹ-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) on Sox2 promoter. Cell proliferation assay, scratch-wound migration assay and Transwell invasion ability were performed to assess the effect of 5-Aza-CdR on proliferation, migration and invasion ability. Meantime, the effect of 5-Aza-CdR was also investigated in gastric cell lines BGC-823 and nude mouse xenograft tumor model. Finally, the anti-cancer effect of decitabine, cisplatin and their combination treatment were investigated in a BGC-823 and nude mouse xenograft tumor model, Sox2 methylation level, Sox2 expression of BGC-823 and xenograft tumors were analyzed by MSP, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results Sox2 expression was significantly associated with different differentiated degrees, depth of invasion (0.0011), lymph node metastasis (0.0013), and TNM stage (0.0002). Next, methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-CdR restored Sox2 expression to promote proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Finally, cisplatin and decitabine was found to be synergistic to inhibit proliferation of xenograft tumors. Likewise, cisplatin and decitabine were also synergistic to induce Sox2 DNA demethylation to promote Sox2 mRNA and protein expression in BGC-823 and xenograft tumors. Conclusion Cisplatin and decitabine could be synergistic to induce Sox2 DNA demethylation to promote expression of the Sox2 gene, which exerted an anti-tumor effect on GC. It may suggest an insight for innovative therapeutics of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihao Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuhua Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weipeng Ye
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Cancer center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjie Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, People's Republic of China
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8
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Kim MJ, Chen G, Sica GL, Deng X. Epigenetic modulation of FBW7/Mcl-1 pathway for lung cancer therapy. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 22:55-65. [PMID: 33336620 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2020.1856756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylation induces epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes in human lung cancer. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferases by decitabine (DAC) can demethylate and activate epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes. Epigenetic therapy using DAC should be an attractive strategy for lung cancer therapy. FBW7 is a tumor suppressor that functions as an Mcl-1 E3 ligase to degrade Mcl-1 by ubiquitination. Here we discovered that treatment of various human lung cancer cells with DAC resulted in activation of FBW7 expression, decreased levels of Mcl-1 protein, and growth inhibition. DAC-activated FBW7 expression promoted Mcl-1 ubiquitination and degradation leading to a significant reduction in the half-life of Mcl-1 protein. Mechanistically, treatment of lung cancer cells or lung cancer xenografts with DAC induced the conversion of the FBW7 gene from a methylated form to an unmethylated form, which was associated with the increased expression of FBW7 and decreased expression of Mcl-1 in vitro and in vivo. DAC suppressed lung cancer growth in a dose-dependent manner in vivo. Combined treatment with DAC and a Bcl2 inhibitor, venetoclax, exhibited strong synergistic potency against lung cancer without normal tissue toxicity. These findings uncover a novel mechanism by which DAC suppresses tumor growth by targeting the FBW7/Mcl-1 signaling pathway. Combination of DAC with Bcl2 inhibitor venetoclax provides more effective epigenetic therapy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jeong Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University , Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gabriel L Sica
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xingming Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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9
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Lou M, Li R, Lang TY, Zhang LY, Zhou Q, Li L. Aberrant methylation of GADD45A is associated with decreased radiosensitivity in cervical cancer through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:8. [PMID: 33240414 PMCID: PMC7681222 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic inactivation of GADD45A is a common occurrence in different types of cancer. However, little is known regarding its association with radiosensitivity in cervical cancer (CC). Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between aberrant GADD45A methylation and radiosensitivity in CC. SiHa, HeLa and CaSki CC cells were treated with 5-azacytidine (5-azaC), with or without irradiation. The expression levels of GADD45A and AKT related molecules were detected via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. The methylation status of GADD45A was assessed via methylation-specific PCR and cell proliferation assays, while clonogenic assays and flow cytometric analysis were performed to assess the function of the genes (GADD45A and AKT) in the CC cell lines. The results demonstrated that methylation of GADD45A was significantly higher in the radioresistant tissues (63.16%) compared with the radiosensitive samples (33.33%). In addition, the surviving fraction of SiHa cells following irradiation with 2 Gy was demonstrated to be highest amongst the three CC cells (CaSki, 57±9.5%; HeLa, 70±4% and SiHa, 75±10%). The survival rate of SiHa cells following treatment with 5-azaC and ionizing radiation (IR) significantly decreased as the radiation dose increased, compared with treatment with IR alone. Following overexpression of GADD45A or treatment with 5-azaC, the radiosensitivity of SiHa cells significantly increased compared with both the control vector and PBS treated groups. In addition, the AKT inhibitor, MK-2206, increased the radiosensitivity of SiHa cells. Notably, aberrant methylation of GADD45A was associated with decreased radiosensitivity in CC, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was essential for radioresistance, which was mediated through downregulation of GADD45A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Yuan Lang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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10
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Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Despite significant advances in the early detection and treatment of the disease, the prognosis remains poor, with an overall 5-year survival rate ranging from 15% to 20%. This poor prognosis results largely from early micrometastatic spread of cancer cells to nearby lymph nodes or tissues and partially from early recurrence after curative surgical resection. Recently, precision medicines that target potential oncogenic driver mutations have been approved to treat lung cancer. However, some lung cancer patients do not have targetable mutations, and many patients develop resistance to targeted therapy. Tumor heterogeneity and mutational density are also challenges in treating lung cancer, which underscores the need for developing alternative therapeutic strategies for treating lung cancer. Epigenetic therapy may circumvent the problems of tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance by affecting the expression of several hundred target genes. This review highlights precision medicine using an innovative approach of epigenetic priming prior to conventional standard therapy or targeted cancer therapy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongho Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea. .,Samsung Medical Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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11
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Yan J, Zhang J, Zhang X, Li X, Li L, Li Z, Chen R, Zhang L, Wu J, Wang X, Sun Z, Fu X, Chang Y, Nan F, Yu H, Wu X, Feng X, Li W, Zhang M. SPARC is down-regulated by DNA methylation and functions as a tumor suppressor in T-cell lymphoma. Exp Cell Res 2017; 364:125-132. [PMID: 29277504 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the functional role of SPARC in T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL), as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we first identified SPARC expression in T-NHL tissues and cell lines through western blot and real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Overall survival of T-NHL patients with different levels of SPARC was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Then cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of T-NHL cells with either knockdown or overexpression of SPARC were determined by MTT, flow cytometry, transwell migration and invasion assay, respectively. Finally, the molecular mechanism by which SPARC modulated T-NHL cell progression was assessed. We confirmed that SPARC was significantly down-regulated in T-NHL tissues and cell lines. T-NHL patients with high levels of SPARC demonstrated a favorable clinical outcome. SPARC significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and EMT process, but facilitated cell apoptosis in T-NHL cells. Further, we found that loss of SPARC expression in T-NHL tissues and cell lines, both in mRNA and protein levels, was associated with the aberrant DNA methylation in SPRAC gene, and the disrupted SPARC expression could be rescued after treatment with the demethylating agent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycitydine (5-Aza-Cdr). Additionally, 5-Aza-Cdr reversed SPARC hypermethylation to restore its biological role as a tumor suppressor in T-NHL cells, including inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and migration, while promoting cell apoptosis. Our data provided evidence that DNA methylation in SPARC gene may play a role in the progression of T-NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqin Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Renyin Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Zhenchang Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaorui Fu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Feifei Nan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Wencai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
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12
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Epigenetic modification of miR-141 regulates SKA2 by an endogenous 'sponge' HOTAIR in glioma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:30610-25. [PMID: 27121316 PMCID: PMC5058705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of miR-141 has recently implicated in the occurrence and development of various types of malignant tumors. However whether the involvement of miR-141 in the pathogenesis of glioma remains unknown. Here, we showed that miR-141 was markedly downregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines compared with normal brain tissues, and its expression correlated with the pathological grading. Enforced expression of miR-141 in glioma cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of miR-141 exerted opposite effect. Mechanistic investigations revealed that HOTAIR might act as an endogenous 'sponge' of miR-141, thereby regulating the derepression of SKA2. Further, we explored the molecular mechanism by which miR-141 expression was regulated, and found that the miR-141 promoter was hypermethylated and that promoter methylation of miR-141 was mediated by DNMT1 in glioma cells. Finally, both overexpression of miR-141 and knockdown of HOTAIR in a mouse model of human glioma resulted in significant reduction of tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, these results suggest that epigenetic modification of miR-141 and the interaction of ceRNA regulatory network will provide a new approach for therapeutics against glioma.
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13
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Schiffmann I, Greve G, Jung M, Lübbert M. Epigenetic therapy approaches in non-small cell lung cancer: Update and perspectives. Epigenetics 2016; 11:858-870. [PMID: 27846368 PMCID: PMC5193491 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1237345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still constitutes the most common cancer-related cause of death worldwide. All efforts to introduce suitable treatment options using chemotherapeutics or targeted therapies have, up to this point, failed to exhibit a substantial effect on the 5-year-survival rate. The involvement of epigenetic alterations in the evolution of different cancers has led to the development of epigenetics-based therapies, mainly targeting DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone-modifying enzymes. So far, their greatest success stories have been registered in hematologic neoplasias. As the effects of epigenetic single agent treatment of solid tumors have been limited, the investigative focus now lies on combination therapies of epigenetically active agents with conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or kinase inhibitors. This review includes a short overview of the most important preclinical approaches as well as an extensive discussion of clinical trials using epigenetic combination therapies in NSCLC, including ongoing trials. Thus, we are providing an overview of what lies ahead in the field of epigenetic combinatory therapies of NSCLC in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Schiffmann
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Greve
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- University of Freiburg, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lübbert
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany
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14
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Taguchi YH, Iwadate M, Umeyama H. SFRP1 is a possible candidate for epigenetic therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2016; 9 Suppl 1:28. [PMID: 27534621 PMCID: PMC4989892 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-016-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a lethal disease despite many proposed treatments. Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic therapy, which targets epigenetic effects, might be a new therapeutic methodology for NSCLC. However, it is not clear which objects (e.g., genes) this treatment specifically targets. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) are promising candidates for epigenetic therapy in many cancers, but there have been no reports of SFRPs targeted by epigenetic therapy for NSCLC. Methods This study performed a meta-analysis of reprogrammed NSCLC cell lines instead of the direct examination of epigenetic therapy treatment to identify epigenetic therapy targets. In addition, mRNA expression/promoter methylation profiles were processed by recently proposed principal component analysis based unsupervised feature extraction and categorical regression analysis based feature extraction. Results The Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway was extensively enriched among 32 genes identified by feature extraction. Among the genes identified, SFRP1 was specifically indicated to target β-catenin, and thus might be targeted by epigenetic therapy in NSCLC cell lines. A histone deacetylase inhibitor might reactivate SFRP1 based upon the re-analysis of a public domain data set. Numerical computation validated the binding of SFRP1 to WNT1 to suppress Wnt signalling pathway activation in NSCLC. Conclusions The meta-analysis of reprogrammed NSCLC cell lines identified SFRP1 as a promising target of epigenetic therapy for NSCLC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12920-016-0196-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Iwadate
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Umeyama
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Jing Y, Jin X, Wang L, Dou L, Wang Q, Yao Y, Lian S, Zhou J, Zhu H, Yao Z, Gao L, Wang L, Li Y, Bai X, Fang M, Yu L. Decitabine-based chemotherapy followed by haploidentical lymphocyte infusion improves the effectiveness in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 8:53654-53663. [PMID: 28881839 PMCID: PMC5581138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we first initiated a multicenter, single-arm, phase-II clinical trial using decitabine (DAC) (20mg/m2 for five days) based chemotherapy, followed by haploidentical lymphocyte infusion (HLI) that was applied as induction therapy for elderly patients with AML. Furthermore, the role of HLI infusion was explored in a mouse model. The clinical trial included 29 elderly patients (median age: 64, range 57-77) with AML. Sixteen cases achieved complete remission (CR) and 9 cases achieved partial remission (PR) after the first treatment cycle. Of the patients with PR, 5 subjects achieved remission after the second induction, which brings the overall CR rate to 72.4%. The 2-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was 59.6% and 36.9% respectively. The treatment regimen was well tolerated with only one patient died of severe pneumonia one month after the first treatment. In the mouse experiment, we found that DAC/HLI significantly enhanced the survival of leukemic mice. These results suggested that DAC-based chemotherapy combined with HLI is an alternative first line induction therapy for elderly patients with AML. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01690507).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jing
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangshu Jin
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Hematology, Navy General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Dou
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanshun Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yushi Yao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shimei Lian
- Department of Hematology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jihao Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zilong Yao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Meiyun Fang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Kroes RA, Moskal JR. The role of DNA methylation in ST6Gal1 expression in gliomas. Glycobiology 2016; 26:1271-1283. [PMID: 27510958 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of transcriptional silencing of ST6Gal1 in gliomas has not yet been elucidated. Multiple independent promoters govern the expression of the ST6Gal I gene. Here, we investigated whether epigenetic abnormalities involving DNA methylation affect ST6Gal1 expression. Transcript-specific qRT-PCR following exposure of glioma cell lines to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, resulted in the re-expression of the normally quiescent ST6Gal1 mRNA driven exclusively by the P3 promoter sequence. The P3 promoter-specific transcription start site (TSS) was delineated by primer extension and core promoter sequences and associated functional transcription elements identified by deletion analysis utilizing chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter constructs. Minimal promoter activity was found to reside within the first 100 bp of the TSS and maximal activity was controlled by functional AP2 binding sites residing between 400 and 500 bp upstream of the initiation site. As altered AP2 binding was not directly associated with AP2 availability, these analyses demonstrate that ST6Gal1 transcription is regulated by DNA methylation within core promoter regions, ultimately by determining critical transcription factor accessibility within these regions. Transcriptional reactivation of ST6Gal1 expression by 5-aza-dC resulted in increased cell surface α2,6 sialoglycoconjugate expression, increased α2,6 sialylation of β1 integrin, and decreased adhesion to fibronectin substrate: functional correlates of decreased invasivity. The effects of global hypomethylation are not glycome-wide. Focused glycotranscriptomic analyses of three invasive glioma cell lines following 5-aza-dC treatment demonstrated the modulation of select glycogene transcripts. Taken together, these results demonstrate that epigenetic modulation of ST6Gal1 expression plays a key role in the glioma phenotype in vitro and that that therapeutic approaches targeting elements of the epigenetic machinery for the treatment of human glioblastoma are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Kroes
- Falk Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Joseph R Moskal
- Falk Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
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17
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Drzewiecka H, Gałęcki B, Jarmołowska-Jurczyszyn D, Kluk A, Dyszkiewicz W, Jagodziński PP. Decreased expression of connective tissue growth factor in non-small cell lung cancer is associated with clinicopathological variables and can be restored by epigenetic modifiers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1927-46. [PMID: 27393180 PMCID: PMC4978771 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies indicated undisputed contribution of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the development of many cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the functional role and regulation of CTGF expression during tumorigenesis remain elusive. Our goal was to determine CTGF transcript and protein levels in tumoral and matched control tissues from 98 NSCLC patients, to correlate the results with clinicopathological features and to investigate whether the CTGF expression can be epigenetically regulated in NSCLC. Methods We used quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to evaluate CTGF expression in lung cancerous and histopathologically unchanged tissues. We tested the impact of 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-dAzaC) and trichostatin A (TSA) on CTGF transcript and protein levels in NSCLC cells (A549, Calu-1). DNA methylation status of the CTGF regulatory region was evaluated by bisulfite sequencing. The influence of 5-dAzaC and TSA on NSCLC cells viability and proliferation was monitored by the trypan blue assay. Results We found significantly decreased levels of CTGF mRNA and protein (both p < 0.0000001) in cancerous tissues of NSCLC patients. Down-regulation of CTGF occurred regardless of gender in all histological subtypes of NSCLC. Moreover, we showed that 5-dAzaC and TSA were able to restore CTGF mRNA and protein contents in NSCLC cells. However, no methylation within CTGF regulatory region was detected. Both compounds significantly reduced NSCLC cells proliferation. Conclusions Decreased expression of CTGF is a common feature in NSCLC; however, it can be restored by the chromatin-modifying agents such as 5-dAzaC or TSA and consequently restrain cancer development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00432-016-2195-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Drzewiecka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Gałęcki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569, Poznan, Poland
| | - Donata Jarmołowska-Jurczyszyn
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49 Street, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kluk
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49 Street, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dyszkiewicz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
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18
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A genome-wide search for epigenetically [corrected] regulated genes in zebra finch using MethylCap-seq and RNA-seq. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20957. [PMID: 26864856 PMCID: PMC4750092 DOI: 10.1038/srep20957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory formation are known to require dynamic CpG (de)methylation and gene expression changes. Here, we aimed at establishing a genome-wide DNA methylation map of the zebra finch genome, a model organism in neuroscience, as well as identifying putatively epigenetically regulated genes. RNA- and MethylCap-seq experiments were performed on two zebra finch cell lines in presence or absence of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine induced demethylation. First, the MethylCap-seq methodology was validated in zebra finch by comparison with RRBS-generated data. To assess the influence of (variable) methylation on gene expression, RNA-seq experiments were performed as well. Comparison of RNA-seq and MethylCap-seq results showed that at least 357 of the 3,457 AZA-upregulated genes are putatively regulated by methylation in the promoter region, for which a pathway analysis showed remarkable enrichment for neurological networks. A subset of genes was validated using Exon Arrays, quantitative RT-PCR and CpG pyrosequencing on bisulfite-treated samples. To our knowledge, this study provides the first genome-wide DNA methylation map of the zebra finch genome as well as a comprehensive set of genes of which transcription is under putative methylation control.
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19
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Phan NLC, Trinh NV, Pham PV. Low concentrations of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine induce breast cancer stem cell differentiation by triggering tumor suppressor gene expression. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 9:49-59. [PMID: 26730203 PMCID: PMC4694670 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are considered the cause of tumor growth, multidrug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence. Therefore, differentiation therapy to reduce self-renewal of BCSCs is a promising approach. We have examined the effects of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (DAC) on BCSC differentiation. Materials and methods BCSCs were treated with a range of DAC concentrations from 0.625 to 100 µM. The differentiation status of DAC-treated BCSCs was graded by changes in cell proliferation, CD44+CD24− phenotype, expression of tumor suppressor genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, p15, p16, p53, and PTEN, and antitumor drug resistance. Results DAC treatment caused significant BCSC differentiation. BCSCs showed a 15%–23% reduction in proliferation capacity, 3.0%–21.3% decrease in the expression of BCSC marker CD44+/CD24−, activation of p53 expression, and increased p15, p16, BRCA1, and BRCA2 expression. Concentrations of DAC ranging from 0.625 to 40 µM efficiently induce cell cycle arrest in S-phase. ABCG2, highly expressed in BCSCs, also decreased with DAC exposure. Of particular note, drug-sensitivity of BCSCs to doxorubicin, verapamil, and tamoxifen also increased 1.5-, 2.0-, and 3.7-fold, respectively, after pretreatment with DAC. Conclusion DAC reduced breast cancer cell survival and induced differentiation through reexpression of tumor suppressor genes. These results indicate the potential of DAC in targeting specific chemotherapy-resistant cells within a tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhan Lu-Chinh Phan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngu Van Trinh
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuc Van Pham
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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20
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Yan F, Shen N, Pang J, Molina JR, Yang P, Liu S. The DNA Methyltransferase DNMT1 and Tyrosine-Protein Kinase KIT Cooperatively Promote Resistance to 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Decitabine) and Midostaurin (PKC412) in Lung Cancer Cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18480-94. [PMID: 26085088 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.633693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer cells are sensitive to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (decitabine) or midostaurin (PKC412), because decitabine restores the expression of methylation-silenced tumor suppressor genes, whereas PKC412 inhibits hyperactive kinase signaling, which is essential for cancer cell growth. Here, we demonstrated that resistance to decitabine (decitabine(R)) or PKC412 (PKC412(R)) eventually results from simultaneously remethylated DNA and reactivated kinase cascades. Indeed, both decitabine(R) and PKC412(R) displayed the up-regulation of DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 and tyrosine-protein kinase KIT, the enhanced phosphorylation of KIT and its downstream effectors, and the increased global and gene-specific DNA methylation with the down-regulation of tumor suppressor gene epithelial cadherin CDH1. Interestingly, decitabine(R) and PKC412(R) had higher capability of colony formation and wound healing than parental cells in vitro, which were attributed to the hyperactive DNMT1 or KIT, because inactivation of KIT or DNMT1 reciprocally blocked decitabine(R) or PKC412(R) cell proliferation. Further, DNMT1 knockdown sensitized PKC412(R) cells to PKC412; conversely, KIT depletion synergized with decitabine in eliminating decitabine(R). Importantly, when engrafted into nude mice, decitabine(R) and PKC412(R) had faster proliferation with stronger tumorigenicity that was caused by the reactivated KIT kinase signaling and further CDH1 silencing. These findings identify functional cross-talk between KIT and DNMT1 in the development of drug resistance, implying the reciprocal targeting of protein kinases and DNA methyltransferases as an essential strategy for durable responses in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yan
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912 and
| | - Na Shen
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912 and
| | - Jiuxia Pang
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912 and
| | | | - Ping Yang
- the Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Shujun Liu
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912 and
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21
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Sechler M, Borowicz S, Van Scoyk M, Avasarala S, Zerayesus S, Edwards MG, Kumar Karuppusamy Rathinam M, Zhao X, Wu PY, Tang K, Bikkavilli RK, Winn RA. Novel Role for γ-Catenin in the Regulation of Cancer Cell Migration via the Induction of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Activator Inhibitor Type 1 (HAI-1). J Biol Chem 2015; 290:15610-15620. [PMID: 25925948 PMCID: PMC4505473 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.631820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-catenin (Plakoglobin), a well-described structural protein functioning at the adherens junctions and desmosomes, was shown to be either lost or weakly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and tumor tissues. However, the tumor suppressive affects of γ-catenin were not fully understood. In this study, we have identified a novel role for the affects of γ-catenin on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell migration. Expression of γ-catenin in NSCLC cells resulted in reduced cell migration as determined by both scratch assays and trans-well cell migration assays. Moreover, the affects of γ-catenin on cell migration were observed to be p53-dependent. Mechanistically, the anti-migratory effects seen via γ-catenin were driven by the expression of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor Type I (HAI-1 or SPINT-1), an upstream inhibitor of the c-MET signaling pathway. Furthermore, the re-expression of γ-catenin sensitized NSCLC cells to c-MET inhibitor-mediated growth inhibition. Taken together, we identify γ-catenin as a novel regulator of HAI-1, which is a critical regulator of HGF/c-MET signaling. Therefore, targeting γ-catenin-mediated HAI-1 expression might be a useful strategy to sensitize NSCLC to c-MET inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marybeth Sechler
- Cancer Biology Program, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Stanley Borowicz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Michelle Van Scoyk
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Sreedevi Avasarala
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Sereke Zerayesus
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Michael G Edwards
- School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Manoj Kumar Karuppusamy Rathinam
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Xiangmin Zhao
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Ke Tang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Rama Kamesh Bikkavilli
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Robert A Winn
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
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22
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Bhat J, Kabelitz D. γδ T cells and epigenetic drugs: A useful merger in cancer immunotherapy? Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1006088. [PMID: 26155411 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1006088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer patients are as yet of limited success. Drugs targeting epigenetic mechanisms including histone acetylation and DNA methylation trigger cell death in tumor cells but in addition have immunomodulatory activity. Here, we discuss the potential benefit of combining both strategies in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydeep Bhat
- Institute of Immunology; University of Kiel and UKSH Campus Kiel ; Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology; University of Kiel and UKSH Campus Kiel ; Kiel, Germany
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23
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Li Y, Zhu M, Zhang X, Cheng D, Ma X. Clinical significance of DAPK promoter hypermethylation in lung cancer: a meta-analysis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:1785-96. [PMID: 25848215 PMCID: PMC4378294 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s78012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK) is an important serine/threonine kinase involved in various cellular processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation. DAPK expression and activity are deregulated in a variety of diseases including cancer. Methylation of the DAPK gene is common in many types of cancer and can lead to loss of DAPK expression. However, the association between DAPK promoter hypermethylation and the clinicopathological significance of lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, we searched the MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, systematically investigated the studies of DAPK promoter hypermethylation in lung cancer and quantified the association between DAPK promoter hypermethylation and its clinicopathological significance by meta-analysis. We observed that the frequency of DAPK methylation was significantly higher in lung cancer than in non-malignant lung tissues (odds ratio 6.02, 95% confidence interval 3.17-11.42, P<0.00001). The pooled results also showed the presence of a prognostic impact of DAPK gene methylation in lung cancer patients (odds ratio 3.63, 95% confidence interval 1.09-12.06, P=0.04). In addition, we summarized these findings and discuss tumor suppressor function, clinicopathological significance, and potential drug targeting of DAPK in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjun Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xitao Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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24
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Naldi I, Taranta M, Gherardini L, Pelosi G, Viglione F, Grimaldi S, Pani L, Cinti C. Novel epigenetic target therapy for prostate cancer: a preclinical study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98101. [PMID: 24851905 PMCID: PMC4031137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic events are critical contributors to the pathogenesis of cancer, and targeting epigenetic mechanisms represents a novel strategy in anticancer therapy. Classic demethylating agents, such as 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (Decitabine), hold the potential for reprograming somatic cancer cells demonstrating high therapeutic efficacy in haematological malignancies. On the other hand, epigenetic treatment of solid tumours often gives rise to undesired cytotoxic side effects. Appropriate delivery systems able to enrich Decitabine at the site of action and improve its bioavailability would reduce the incidence of toxicity on healthy tissues. In this work we provide preclinical evidences of a safe, versatile and efficient targeted epigenetic therapy to treat hormone sensitive (LNCap) and hormone refractory (DU145) prostate cancers. A novel Decitabine formulation, based on the use of engineered erythrocyte (Erythro-Magneto-Hemagglutinin Virosomes, EMHVs) drug delivery system (DDS) carrying this drug, has been refined. Inside the EMHVs, the drug was shielded from the environment and phosphorylated in its active form. The novel magnetic EMHV DDS, endowed with fusogenic protein, improved the stability of the carried drug and exhibited a high efficiency in confining its delivery at the site of action in vivo by applying an external static magnetic field. Here we show that Decitabine loaded into EMHVs induces a significant tumour mass reduction in prostate cancer xenograft models at a concentration, which is seven hundred times lower than the therapeutic dose, suggesting an improved pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of drug. These results are relevant for and discussed in light of developing personalised autologous therapies and innovative clinical approach for the treatment of solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Naldi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Experimental Oncology Unit, Siena, Italy
| | - Monia Taranta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Experimental Oncology Unit, Siena, Italy
| | - Lisa Gherardini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Experimental Oncology Unit, Siena, Italy
| | - Gualtiero Pelosi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Viglione
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Settimio Grimaldi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Cinti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Experimental Oncology Unit, Siena, Italy
- * E-mail:
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