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Oyebode OT, Adebiyi OR, Olorunsogo OO. Toxicity of some broad-spectrum antibacterials in normal rat liver: the role of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:128-137. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1528651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola T. Oyebode
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun R. Adebiyi
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunso O. Olorunsogo
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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2
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Abstract
Current models theorizing on what the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore is made of, implicate the c-subunit rings of ATP synthase complex. However, two very recent studies, one on atomistic simulations and in the other disrupting all genes coding for the c subunit disproved those models. As a consequence of this, the structural elements of the pore remain unknown. The purpose of the present short-review is to (i) briefly review the latest findings, (ii) serve as an index for more comprehensive reviews regarding mPT specifics, (iii) reiterate on the potential pitfalls while investigating mPT in conjunction to bioenergetics, and most importantly (iv) suggest to those in search of mPT pore identity, to also look elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary; MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Hungary.
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3
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Mnatsakanyan N, Beutner G, Porter GA, Alavian KN, Jonas EA. Physiological roles of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2017; 49:13-25. [PMID: 26868013 PMCID: PMC4981558 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-016-9652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurons experience high metabolic demand during such processes as synaptic vesicle recycling, membrane potential maintenance and Ca2+ exchange/extrusion. The energy needs of these events are met in large part by mitochondrial production of ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. The job of ATP production by the mitochondria is performed by the F1FO ATP synthase, a multi-protein enzyme that contains a membrane-inserted portion, an extra-membranous enzymatic portion and an extensive regulatory complex. Although required for ATP production by mitochondria, recent findings have confirmed that the membrane-confined portion of the c-subunit of the ATP synthase also houses a large conductance uncoupling channel, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), the persistent opening of which produces osmotic dysregulation of the inner mitochondrial membrane, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and cell death. Recent advances in understanding the molecular components of mPTP and its regulatory mechanisms have determined that decreased uncoupling occurs in states of enhanced mitochondrial efficiency; relative closure of mPTP therefore contributes to cellular functions as diverse as cardiac development and synaptic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Mnatsakanyan
- Department Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gisela Beutner
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - George A Porter
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kambiz N Alavian
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Jonas
- Department Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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4
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Elustondo PA, Nichols M, Negoda A, Thirumaran A, Zakharian E, Robertson GS, Pavlov EV. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore induction is linked to formation of the complex of ATPase C-subunit, polyhydroxybutyrate and inorganic polyphosphate. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:16070. [PMID: 27924223 PMCID: PMC5137186 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening allows free movement of ions and small molecules leading to mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ATP depletion that triggers cell death. A multi-protein complex of the mitochondrial ATP synthase has an essential role in mPTP. However, the molecular identity of the central 'pore' part of mPTP complex is not known. A highly purified fraction of mammalian mitochondria containing C-subunit of ATPase (C-subunit), calcium, inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) forms ion channels with properties that resemble the native mPTP. We demonstrate here that amount of this channel-forming complex dramatically increases in intact mitochondria during mPTP activation. This increase is inhibited by both Cyclosporine A, an inhibitor of mPTP and Ruthenium Red, an inhibitor of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter. Similar increases in the amount of complex formation occurs in areas of mouse brain damaged by ischemia-reperfusion injury. These findings suggest that calcium-induced mPTP is associated with de novo assembly of a channel comprising C-subunit, polyP and PHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Elustondo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - M Nichols
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2f Canada
| | - A Negoda
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - A Thirumaran
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2f Canada
| | - E Zakharian
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine , 1 Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
| | - G S Robertson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie University , Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2f Canada
| | - E V Pavlov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2 Canada; Department of Basic Sciences, New York University, College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA
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5
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Biasutto L, Azzolini M, Szabò I, Zoratti M. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore in AD 2016: An update. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1863:2515-30. [PMID: 26902508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 30years the mitochondrial permeability transition - the permeabilization of the inner mitochondrial membrane due to the opening of a wide pore - has progressed from being considered a curious artifact induced in isolated mitochondria by Ca(2+) and phosphate to a key cell-death-inducing process in several major pathologies. Its relevance is by now universally acknowledged and a pharmacology targeting the phenomenon is being developed. The molecular nature of the pore remains to this day uncertain, but progress has recently been made with the identification of the FOF1 ATP synthase as the probable proteic substrate. Researchers sharing this conviction are however divided into two camps: these believing that only the ATP synthase dimers or oligomers can form the pore, presumably in the contact region between monomers, and those who consider that the ring-forming c subunits in the FO sector actually constitute the walls of the pore. The latest development is the emergence of a new candidate: Spastic Paraplegia 7 (SPG7), a mitochondrial AAA-type membrane protease which forms a 6-stave barrel. This review summarizes recent developments of research on the pathophysiological relevance and on the molecular nature of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Channels edited by Pierre Sonveaux, Pierre Maechler and Jean-Claude Martinou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biology, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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Doczi J, Torocsik B, Echaniz-Laguna A, Mousson de Camaret B, Starkov A, Starkova N, Gál A, Molnár MJ, Kawamata H, Manfredi G, Adam-Vizi V, Chinopoulos C. Alterations in voltage-sensing of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in ANT1-deficient cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26700. [PMID: 27221760 PMCID: PMC4879635 DOI: 10.1038/srep26700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The probability of mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore opening is inversely related to the magnitude of the proton electrochemical gradient. The module conferring sensitivity of the pore to this gradient has not been identified. We investigated mPT’s voltage-sensing properties elicited by calcimycin or H2O2 in human fibroblasts exhibiting partial or complete lack of ANT1 and in C2C12 myotubes with knocked-down ANT1 expression. mPT onset was assessed by measuring in situ mitochondrial volume using the ‘thinness ratio’ and the ‘cobalt-calcein’ technique. De-energization hastened calcimycin-induced swelling in control and partially-expressing ANT1 fibroblasts, but not in cells lacking ANT1, despite greater losses of mitochondrial membrane potential. Matrix Ca2+ levels measured by X-rhod-1 or mitochondrially-targeted ratiometric biosensor 4mtD3cpv, or ADP-ATP exchange rates did not differ among cell types. ANT1-null fibroblasts were also resistant to H2O2-induced mitochondrial swelling. Permeabilized C2C12 myotubes with knocked-down ANT1 exhibited higher calcium uptake capacity and voltage-thresholds of mPT opening inferred from cytochrome c release, but intact cells showed no differences in calcimycin-induced onset of mPT, irrespective of energization and ANT1 expression, albeit the number of cells undergoing mPT increased less significantly upon chemically-induced hypoxia than control cells. We conclude that ANT1 confers sensitivity of the pore to the electrochemical gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Doczi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beata Torocsik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Andoni Echaniz-Laguna
- Département de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Bénédicte Mousson de Camaret
- Service des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, CHU Lyon, 69677 Bron cedex, France
| | - Anatoly Starkov
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Natalia Starkova
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aniko Gál
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Mária J Molnár
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Hibiki Kawamata
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vera Adam-Vizi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University MTA-SE Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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Abstract
In the last 5 years, most of the molecules that control mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis have been finally identified. Mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake is mediated by the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) complex, a macromolecular structure that guarantees Ca(2+) accumulation inside mitochondrial matrix upon increases in cytosolic Ca(2+). Conversely, Ca(2+) release is under the control of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, encoded by the NCLX gene, and of a H(+)/Ca(2+) antiporter, whose identity is still debated. The low affinity of the MCU complex, coupled to the activity of the efflux systems, protects cells from continuous futile cycles of Ca(2+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane and consequent massive energy dissipation. In this review, we discuss the basic principles that govern mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis and the methods used to investigate the dynamics of Ca(2+) concentration within the organelles. We discuss the functional and structural role of the different molecules involved in mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling and their pathophysiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego De Stefani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; , ,
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; , , .,National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Tullio Pozzan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; , , .,National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute, 35121 Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35121 Padova, Italy
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9
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Jonas EA, Porter GA, Beutner G, Mnatsakanyan N, Alavian KN. Cell death disguised: The mitochondrial permeability transition pore as the c-subunit of the F(1)F(O) ATP synthase. Pharmacol Res 2015; 99:382-92. [PMID: 25956324 PMCID: PMC4567435 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ion transport across the mitochondrial inner and outer membranes is central to mitochondrial function, including regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and cell death. Although essential for ATP production by mitochondria, recent findings have confirmed that the c-subunit of the ATP synthase also houses a large conductance uncoupling channel, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), the persistent opening of which produces osmotic dysregulation of the inner mitochondrial membrane and cell death. This review will discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular components of mPTP, its regulatory mechanisms and how these contribute directly to its physiological as well as pathological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Jonas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - George A Porter
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gisela Beutner
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nelli Mnatsakanyan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kambiz N Alavian
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
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von Stockum S, Giorgio V, Trevisan E, Lippe G, Glick GD, Forte MA, Da-Rè C, Checchetto V, Mazzotta G, Costa R, Szabò I, Bernardi P. F-ATPase of Drosophila melanogaster forms 53-picosiemen (53-pS) channels responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4537-4544. [PMID: 25550160 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c114.629766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria of Drosophila melanogaster undergo Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release through a putative channel (mCrC) that has several regulatory features of the permeability transition pore (PTP). The PTP is an inner membrane channel that forms from F-ATPase, possessing a conductance of 500 picosiemens (pS) in mammals and of 300 pS in yeast. In contrast to the PTP, the mCrC of Drosophila is not permeable to sucrose and appears to be selective for Ca(2+) and H(+). We show (i) that like the PTP, the mCrC is affected by the sense of rotation of F-ATPase, by Bz-423, and by Mg(2+)/ADP; (ii) that expression of human cyclophilin D in mitochondria of Drosophila S2R(+) cells sensitizes the mCrC to Ca(2+) but does not increase its apparent size; and (iii) that purified dimers of D. melanogaster F-ATPase reconstituted into lipid bilayers form 53-pS channels activated by Ca(2+) and thiol oxidants and inhibited by Mg(2+)/γ-imino ATP. These findings indicate that the mCrC is the PTP of D. melanogaster and that the signature conductance of F-ATPase channels depends on unique structural features that may underscore specific roles in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giovanna Lippe
- the Department of Food Science, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gary D Glick
- the Department of Chemistry, Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, and
| | - Michael A Forte
- the Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Caterina Da-Rè
- Biology, University of Padova and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vanessa Checchetto
- Biology, University of Padova and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Mazzotta
- Biology, University of Padova and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Costa
- Biology, University of Padova and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Biology, University of Padova and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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Chen Y, Liu J, Zheng Y, Wang J, Wang Z, Gu S, Tan J, Jing Q, Yang H. Uncoupling protein 3 mediates H₂O₂ preconditioning-afforded cardioprotection through the inhibition of MPTP opening. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 105:192-202. [PMID: 25514931 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3), located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, is cardioprotective, but its mechanisms of preserving mitochondrial function during ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) are not fully understood. This study investigated whether UCP3 mediates/mimics the cardioprotection of H₂O₂ preconditioning (H₂O₂PC) against I/R injury and the downstream pathway that mediates H₂O₂PC- and UCP3-afforded cardioprotection. METHODS AND RESULTS H₂O₂PC at 20 µM for 5 min significantly improved post-ischaemic functional recovery and reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and infarct size with concurrently up-regulated UCP3 expressions in perfused rat hearts subjected to global no-flow I/R. These protections were blocked by UCP3 knockdown with short hairpin RNA but mimicked by UCP3 overexpression. Consistently, H₂O₂PC-attenuated I/R-induced cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload, Ca(2+) transient suppression, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species burst, and loss of mitochondrial inner membrane potential were reversed by UCP3 knockdown but mimicked by UCP3 overexpression. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation assay revealed an interaction of UCP3 with the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) component, adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), while the cardioprotection induced by H₂O₂PC- and UCP3 overexpression in mitochondria, cardiac function, and cell survival was abolished by atractyloside, a mPTP opener binding to ANT, and partially inhibited by a PI3K/Akt inhibitor wortmannin. Furthermore, H₂O₂PC up-regulated the phosphorylation of Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β was blocked by UCP3 knockdown but mimicked by UCP3 overexpression. CONCLUSION UCP3 mediates the cardioprotection of H₂O₂PC against I/R injury by preserving the mitochondrial function through inhibiting mPTP opening via the interaction with ANT and the PI3K/Akt pathway. Our findings reveal novel mechanisms of UCP3 in the cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jinlong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yanjun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shanshan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiliang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huangtian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 320 Yue Yang Road, Biological Research Building A, Shanghai 200031, China
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12
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Elustondo PA, Negoda A, Kane CL, Kane DA, Pavlov EV. Spermine selectively inhibits high-conductance, but not low-conductance calcium-induced permeability transition pore. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1847:231-240. [PMID: 25448536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The permeability transition pore (PTP) is a large channel of the mitochondrial inner membrane, the opening of which is the central event in many types of stress-induced cell death. PTP opening is induced by elevated concentrations of mitochondrial calcium. It has been demonstrated that spermine and other polyamines can delay calcium-induced swelling of isolated mitochondria, suggesting their role as inhibitors of the mitochondrial PTP. Here we further investigated the mechanism by which spermine inhibits the calcium-induced, cyclosporine A (CSA) -sensitive PTP by using three indicators: 1) calcium release from the mitochondria detected with calcium green, 2) mitochondrial membrane depolarization using TMRM, and 3) mitochondrial swelling by measuring light absorbance. We found that despite calcium release and membrane depolarization, indicative of PTP activation, mitochondria underwent only partial swelling in the presence of spermine. This was in striking contrast to the high-amplitude swelling detected in control mitochondria and in mitochondria treated with the PTP inhibitor CSA. We conclude that spermine selectively prevents opening of the high-conductance state, while allowing activation of the lower conductance state of the PTP. We propose that the existence of lower conductance, stress-induced PTP might play an important physiological role, as it is expected to allow the release of toxic levels of calcium, while keeping important molecules (e.g., NAD) within the mitochondrial matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia A Elustondo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alexander Negoda
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Constance L Kane
- Department of Human Kinetics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Daniel A Kane
- Department of Human Kinetics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Evgeny V Pavlov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
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