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Huang YH, Chen HK, Hsu YF, Chen HC, Chuang CH, Huang SW, Hsu MJ. Src-FAK Signaling Mediates Interleukin 6-Induced HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076650. [PMID: 37047623 PMCID: PMC10095449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies, affecting approximately 900,000 individuals each year worldwide. Patients with colorectal cancer are found with elevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is associated with advanced tumor grades and is related to their poor survival outcomes. Although IL-6 is recognized as a potent inducer of colorectal cancer progression, the detail mechanisms underlying IL-6-induced colorectal cancer epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), one of the major process of tumor metastasis, remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the regulatory role of IL-6 signaling in colorectal cancer EMT using HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells. We noted that the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin was reduced in HCT116 cells exposed to IL-6, along with the increase in a set of mesenchymal cell markers including vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), as well as EMT transcription regulators—twist, snail and slug. The changes of EMT phenotype were related to the activation of Src, FAK, ERK1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), as well as transcription factors STAT3, κB and C/EBPβ. IL-6 treatment has promoted the recruitment of STAT3, κB and C/EBPβ toward the Twist promoter region. Furthermore, the Src-FAK signaling blockade resulted in the decline of IL-6 induced activation of ERK1/2, p38MAPK, κB, C/EBPβ and STAT3, as well as the decreasing mesenchymal state of HCT116 cells. These results suggested that IL-6 activates the Src-FAK-ERK/p38MAPK signaling cascade to cause the EMT of colorectal cancer cells. Pharmacological approaches targeting Src-FAK signaling may provide potential therapeutic strategies for rescuing colorectal cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Huang
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Han-Kun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan 324, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hui Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wen Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Research Center of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Hsu MJ, Chen HK, Chen CY, Lien JC, Gao JY, Huang YH, Hsu JBK, Lee GA, Huang SW. Anti-Angiogenetic and Anti-Lymphangiogenic Effects of a Novel 2-Aminobenzimidazole Derivative, MFB. Front Oncol 2022; 12:862326. [PMID: 35795066 PMCID: PMC9251317 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.862326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Benzimidazoles have attracted much attention over the last few decades due to their broad-spectrum pharmacological properties. Increasing evidence is showing the potential use of benzimidazoles as anti-angiogenic agents, although the mechanisms that impact angiogenesis remain to be fully defined. In this study, we aim to investigate the anti-angiogenic mechanisms of MFB, a novel 2-aminobenzimidazole derivative, to develop a novel angiogenesis inhibitor. Experimental Approach MTT, BrdU, migration and invasion assays, and immunoblotting were employed to examine MFB’s effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced endothelial cell proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as signaling molecules activation. The anti-angiogenic effects of MFB were analyzed by tube formation, aorta ring sprouting, and matrigel plug assays. We also used a mouse model of lung metastasis to determine the MFB’s anti-metastatic effects. Key Results MFB suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and endothelial tube formation of VEGF-A-stimulated human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) or VEGF-C-stimulated lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). MFB suppressed VEGF-A and VEGF-C signaling in HUVECs or LECs. In addition, MFB reduced VEGF-A- or tumor cells-induced neovascularization in vivo. MFB also diminished B16F10 melanoma lung metastasis. The molecular docking results further showed that MFB may bind to VEGFR-2 rather than VEGF-A with high affinity. Conclusions and Implications These observations indicated that MFB may target VEGF/VEGFR signaling to suppress angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. It also supports the role of MFB as a potential lead in developing novel agents for the treatment of angiogenesis- or lymphangiogenesis-associated diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Kun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Chen
- Translational Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Cherng Lien
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Huang
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Justin Bo-Kai Hsu
- Translational Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research; Research Center of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gilbert Aaron Lee
- Translational Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research; Research Center of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Translational Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research; Research Center of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shiu-Wen Huang,
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Nunes SC. Exploiting Cancer Cells Metabolic Adaptability to Enhance Therapy Response in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:297-310. [PMID: 32130705 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite all the progresses developed in prevention and new treatment approaches, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, being chemoresistance a pivotal barrier in cancer management. Cancer cells present several mechanisms of drug resistance/tolerance and recently, growing evidence have been supporting a role of metabolism reprograming per se as a driver of chemoresistance. In fact, cancer cells display several adaptive mechanisms that allow the emergency of chemoresistance, revealing cancer as a disease that adapts and evolve along with the treatment. Therefore, clinical protocols that take into account the adaptive potential of cancer cells should be more effective than the current traditional standard protocols on the fighting against cancer.In here, some of the recent findings on the role of metabolism reprograming in cancer chemoresistance emergence will be discussed, as the potential evolutionary strategies that could unable these adaptations, hence allowing to prevent the emergency of treatment resistance, changing cancer outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia C Nunes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal
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Huang SW, Yang HY, Huang WJ, Chen WC, Yu MC, Wang SW, Hsu YF, Hsu MJ. WMJ-S-001, a Novel Aliphatic Hydroxamate-Based Compound, Suppresses Lymphangiogenesis Through p38mapk-p53-survivin Signaling Cascade. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1188. [PMID: 31781495 PMCID: PMC6851263 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are major routes for metastatic spread of tumor cells. It thus represent the rational targets for therapeutic intervention of cancer. Recently, we showed that a novel aliphatic hydroxamate-based compound, WMJ-S-001, exhibits anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, whether WMJ-S-001 is capable of suppressing lymphangiogenesis remains unclear. We are thus interested in exploring WMJ-S-001's anti-lymphangiogenic mechanisms in lymphatic endothelial cell (LECs). Experimental approach: WMJ-S-001's effects on LEC proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as signaling molecules activation were analyzed by immunoblotting, flow-cytometry, MTT, BrdU, migration and invasion assays. We performed tube formation assay to examine WMJ-S-001's ex vivo anti-lymphangiogenic effects. Key results: WMJ-S-001 inhibited serum-induced cell proliferation, migration, invasion in murine LECs (SV-LECs). WMJ-S-001 reduced the mRNA and protein levels of survivin. Survivin siRNA significantly suppressed serum-induced SV-LEC invasion. WMJ-S-001 induced p53 phosphorylation and increased its reporter activities. In addition, WMJ-S-001 increased p53 binding to the promoter region of survivin, while Sp1 binding to the region was decreased. WMJ-S-001 induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation. p38MPAK signaling blockade significantly inhibited p53 phosphorylation and restored survivin reduction in WMJ-S-001-stimulated SV-LCEs. Furthermore, WMJ-S-001 induced survivin reduction and inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation of primary human LECs. Conclusions and Implications: These observations indicate that WMJ-S-001 may suppress lymphatic endothelial remodeling and reduce lymphangiogenesis through p38MAPK-p53-survivin signaling. It also suggests that WMJ-S-001 is a potential lead compound in developing novel agents for the treatment of lymphangiogenesis-associated diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Wen Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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