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Chen Z, Sun J, Zhang L, Sun Y, Ni Q, Zhu H, Hui M, Zhang L, Wang Q. Molecular Mechanism of WWOX Inhibiting the Development of Esophageal Cancer by Inhibiting Hippo Signaling Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10856-9. [PMID: 38902482 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10856-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
With the emergence of combined surgical treatments, complemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, survival rates for esophageal cancer patients have improved, but the overall 5-year survival rate remains low. Therefore, there is an urgent need for further research into the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer and the development of effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment methods. We initially utilized the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases to identify the esophageal cancer-associated gene WWOX (WW domain containing oxidoreductase). Subsequently, we employed RT-qPCR (Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR) and WB (western blot) to investigate the differential expression of WWOX in HEEC (human esophageal endotheliocytes) and various ESCC (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) cell lines. We further evaluated alterations in cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis via CCK8 (cell counting kit-8) and clonal formation, Transwell assays and flow cytometry. Additionally, we investigated changes in protein expressions related to the Hippo signaling pathway (YAP/TEAD) through RT-qPCR and WB. Lastly, to further elucidate the regulatory mechanism of WWOX in ESCC, we performed exogenous YAP rescue experiments in ESCC cells with WWOX overexpression to investigate the alterations in apoptosis and proliferation. Results indicated that the expression of WWOX in ESCC was significantly downregulated. Subsequently, upon overexpression of WWOX, ESCC cell proliferation and migration decreased, while apoptosis increased. Additionally, the expression of YAP and TEAD were reduced. However, the sustained overexpression of YAP attenuated the inhibitory effects of WWOX on ESCC cell malignancy. In conclusion, WWOX exerts inhibitory effects on the proliferation and migration of ESCC and promotes apoptosis by suppressing the Hippo signaling pathway. These findings highlight the potential of WWOX as a novel target for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chen
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Medical College of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanglin Sun
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingqing Ni
- Medical College of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongkun Zhu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Hui
- Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
- Medical College of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China.
- Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
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Martins TF, Braga Magalhães AF, Verardo LL, Santos GC, Silva Fernandes AA, Gomes Vieira JI, Irano N, dos Santos DB. Functional analysis of litter size and number of teats in pigs: From GWAS to post-GWAS. Theriogenology 2022; 193:157-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Sun Y, Zhao J. Transcription Elongation Factor A (SII)-Like (TCEAL) Gene Family Member-TCEAL2: A Novel Prognostic Marker in Pan-Cancer. Cancer Inform 2022; 21:11769351221126285. [PMID: 36199541 PMCID: PMC9527986 DOI: 10.1177/11769351221126285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. The mechanism is not fully elucidated and the therapeutic effect is also unsatisfactory. In our study, we aim to find new target gene in pan-cancer. Methods: Differently expressed genes (DEGs) was screened out in various types of cancers from GEO database. The expression of DEG (TCEAL2) in tumor cell lines, normal tissues and tumor tissues was calculated. Then the clinical characteristics, DNA methylation, tumor infiltration and gene enrichment of TCEAL2 was studied. Results: TCEAL2 expressions were down-regulated in most cancers. Its expression and methylation were positively or negatively associated with prognosis in different cancers. The tumor infiltration results revealed that TCEAL2 was significantly related with many immune cells especially NK cells and immune-related genes in majority cancers. Furthermore, tau protein and tubulin binding were involved in the molecular function mechanisms of TCEAL2. Conclusion: TCEAL2 may be a novel prognostic marker in different cancers and may affect tumor through immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shen Y, Gao L, Jiang S, Liu J, Cheng W, Shou H. Expression of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase and its clinical implication in endometrial adenocarcinoma patients with metabolic syndrome. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 18:70-75. [PMID: 33629514 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Metabolic syndrome (MS) is tightly associated with the oncogenesis and prognosis of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we studied the relation between the expression status of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) and the clinicopathological features of endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients with MS. METHODS Fifty-seven samples of endometrial adenocarcinoma were chosen for detection of expression level of WWOX. Overall survival (OS) time of these patients was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Survival analysis of patients with different WWOX expression levels from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was also performed. RESULTS The WWOX expression is significantly higher in MS group than that in non-MS group (36.4% vs 65.7%, P = .03). WWOX was closely related to MS (P = .03) and muscle invasion of tumor cells (P = .04), but age, tumor grade, status of lymphatic metastasis, and FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage were not significantly different between the two WWOX expression status. Univariate analysis revealed that lymphatic metastasis (P = .023) and lower stage (P = .006) are significantly associated with OS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that stage was an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio = 0.197; 95% CI, 0.043-0.896). Downregulation of WWOX was statistically associated with OS in patients from TCGA database (P = .04). CONCLUSION WWOX may play an important role in the progression of endometrial cancer with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leilei Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiye Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Shou
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
The WW domain is a modular protein structure that recognizes the proline-rich Pro-Pro-x-Tyr (PPxY) motif contained in specific target proteins. The compact modular nature of the WW domain makes it ideal for mediating interactions between proteins in complex networks and signaling pathways of the cell (e.g. the Hippo pathway). As a result, WW domains play key roles in a plethora of both normal and disease processes. Intriguingly, RNA and DNA viruses have evolved strategies to hijack cellular WW domain-containing proteins and thereby exploit the modular functions of these host proteins for various steps of the virus life cycle, including entry, replication, and egress. In this review, we summarize key findings in this rapidly expanding field, in which new virus-host interactions continue to be identified. Further unraveling of the molecular aspects of these crucial virus-host interactions will continue to enhance our fundamental understanding of the biology and pathogenesis of these viruses. We anticipate that additional insights into these interactions will help support strategies to develop a new class of small-molecule inhibitors of viral PPxY-host WW-domain interactions that could be used as antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Shepley-McTaggart
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix #07-01, Singapore 138671.,Department of Biological Sciences (DBS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077.,Center for Computational Biology, DUKE-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Marius Sudol
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077.,Laboratory of Cancer Signaling and Domainopathies, Yong Loo Li School of Medicine, Block MD9, 2 Medical Drive #04-01, Singapore 117597.,Mechanobiology Institute, T-Lab, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Ronald N Harty
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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Rastogi SK, van Wijlick L, Ror S, Lee KK, Román E, Agarwal P, Manzoor N, Gow NAR, Pla J, Ernst JF, Panwar SL. Ifu5, a WW domain-containing protein interacts with Efg1 to achieve coordination of normoxic and hypoxic functions to influence pathogenicity traits in Candida albicans. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13140. [PMID: 31736226 PMCID: PMC7614792 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic adaptation pathways, essential for Candida albicans pathogenesis, are tied to its transition from a commensal to a pathogen. Herein, we identify a WW domain-containing protein, Ifu5, as a determinant of hypoxic adaptation that also impacts normoxic responses in this fungus. Ifu5 activity supports glycosylation homeostasis via the Cek1 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent up-regulation of PMT1, under normoxia. Transcriptome analysis of ifu5Δ/Δ under normoxia shows a significant up-regulation of the hypoxic regulator EFG1 and EFG1-dependent genes. We demonstrate physical interaction between Ifu5 by virtue of its WW domain and Efg1 that represses EFG1 expression under normoxia. This interaction is lost under hypoxic growth conditions, relieving EFG1 repression. Hypoxic adaptation processes such as filamentation and biofilm formation are affected in ifu5Δ/Δ cells revealing the role of Ifu5 in hypoxic signalling and modulating pathogenicity traits of C. albicans under varied oxygen conditions. Additionally, the WW domain of Ifu5 facilitates its role in hypoxic adaptation, revealing the importance of this domain in providing a platform to integrate various cellular processes. These data forge a relationship between Efg1 and Ifu5 that fosters the role of Ifu5 in hypoxic adaptation thus illuminating novel strategies to undermine the growth of C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K Rastogi
- Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India
| | - Lasse van Wijlick
- Department Biologie, Molekulare Mykologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Shivani Ror
- Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Keunsook K Lee
- The Aberdeen Fungal Group, MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Elvira Román
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología-IRYCIS, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pranjali Agarwal
- Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikhat Manzoor
- Medical Mycology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India
| | - Neil A R Gow
- The Aberdeen Fungal Group, MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jesús Pla
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología-IRYCIS, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joachim F Ernst
- Department Biologie, Molekulare Mykologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sneh L Panwar
- Yeast Molecular Genetics Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Mansouri H, Mnango LF, Magorosa EP, Sauli E, Mpolya EA. Ki-67, p53 and BCL-2 Expressions and their Association with Clinical Histopathology of Breast Cancer among Women in Tanzania. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9918. [PMID: 31289309 PMCID: PMC6617464 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study associated Ki-67, p53, and BCL-2 markers with clinical histopathological (CH) features using currently available limited data on these markers in Tanzania. Retrospective chart review study was conducted among females with confirmed breast cancer (BC) at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania between 2016 and 2017. Inclusion criteria were met by 76 patients with a mean age of 51.32 ± 14.28 years. Of these, 86.4% were stage III and IV, whereas 83.5% cases had grade 2 and grade 3. Upon immunostaining, 85.5% and 57.9% were Ki-67 and BCL-2 positive respectively. Log-linear analysis showed no statistically significant association among biomarkers expression and CH features. However, multinomial linear regression showed higher possibility for association between high expression of Ki-67, low expression of p53 and high expression of BCL-2 with age, grade, stage and tumor (T) stage. BCL-2 was positively correlated with Ki-67 expression contrary to p53, which was negatively correlated with BCL-2. Conclusively, there is evidence of correlation between the studied markers with CH features. However, studies with larger sample sizes will likely reveal significant associations that will validate the role of these markers as tools for evaluating treatment response in individualized therapeutic schemes in Tanzania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidaya Mansouri
- Department of Global Health and Bio-Medical Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
- Centre for Research, Agricultural Advancement, Teaching Excellence and Sustainability in Food and Nutrition Security (CREATES-FNS), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
| | - Leah F Mnango
- Central Pathology Laboratory, Muhimbili National Hospital, P.O. Box 65002, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Erick P Magorosa
- Central Pathology Laboratory, Muhimbili National Hospital, P.O. Box 65002, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Elingarami Sauli
- Department of Global Health and Bio-Medical Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Emmanuel A Mpolya
- Department of Global Health and Bio-Medical Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
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