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Xiang H, Pan Y, Sze MA, Wlodarska M, Li L, van de Mark KA, Qamar H, Moure CJ, Linn DE, Hai J, Huo Y, Clarke J, Tan TG, Ho S, Teng KW, Ramli MN, Nebozhyn M, Zhang C, Barlow J, Gustafson CE, Gornisiewicz S, Albertson TP, Korle SL, Bueno R, Moy LY, Vollmann EH, Chiang DY, Brandish PE, Loboda A. Single-Cell Analysis Identifies NOTCH3-Mediated Interactions between Stromal Cells That Promote Microenvironment Remodeling and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1410-1425. [PMID: 38335304 PMCID: PMC11063690 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD); however, a significant proportion of patients do not respond. Recent transcriptomic studies to understand determinants of immunotherapy response have pinpointed stromal-mediated resistance mechanisms. To gain a better understanding of stromal biology at the cellular and molecular level in LUAD, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 256,379 cells, including 13,857 mesenchymal cells, from 9 treatment-naïve patients. Among the mesenchymal cell subsets, FAP+PDPN+ cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and ACTA2+MCAM+ pericytes were enriched in tumors and differentiated from lung-resident fibroblasts. Imaging mass cytometry revealed that both subsets were topographically adjacent to the perivascular niche and had close spatial interactions with endothelial cells (EC). Modeling of ligand and receptor interactomes between mesenchymal and ECs identified that NOTCH signaling drives these cell-to-cell interactions in tumors, with pericytes and CAFs as the signal receivers and arterial and PLVAPhigh immature neovascular ECs as the signal senders. Either pharmacologically blocking NOTCH signaling or genetically depleting NOTCH3 levels in mesenchymal cells significantly reduced collagen production and suppressed cell invasion. Bulk RNA sequencing data demonstrated that NOTCH3 expression correlated with poor survival in stroma-rich patients and that a T cell-inflamed gene signature only predicted survival in patients with low NOTCH3. Collectively, this study provides valuable insights into the role of NOTCH3 in regulating tumor stroma biology, warranting further studies to elucidate the clinical implications of targeting NOTCH3 signaling. SIGNIFICANCE NOTCH3 signaling activates tumor-associated mesenchymal cells, increases collagen production, and augments cell invasion in lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting its critical role in remodeling tumor stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Xiang
- Discovery Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yidan Pan
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marc A. Sze
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marta Wlodarska
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ling Li
- Quantitative Bioscience, MSD, Singapore
| | | | - Haleema Qamar
- Discovery Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Casey J. Moure
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas E. Linn
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Josephine Hai
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Huo
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James Clarke
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tze Guan Tan
- Discovery Cardiometabolic Diseases, MSD, Singapore
| | - Samantha Ho
- Discovery Cardiometabolic Diseases, MSD, Singapore
| | | | | | - Michael Nebozhyn
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chunsheng Zhang
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julianne Barlow
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Corinne E. Gustafson
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Savanna Gornisiewicz
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas P. Albertson
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie L. Korle
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raphael Bueno
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lily Y. Moy
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Derek Y. Chiang
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Andrey Loboda
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
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Antar SA, ElMahdy MK, Darwish AG. Examining the contribution of Notch signaling to lung disease development. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03105-8. [PMID: 38652281 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Notch pathway is a widely observed signaling system that holds pivotal functions in regulating various developmental cellular functions and operations. The Notch signaling mechanism is crucial for lung homeostasis, damage, and restoration. Based on increasing evidence, the Notch pathway has been identified, as critical for fibrosis and subsequently, the development of chronic fibroproliferative conditions in various organs and tissues. Recent research indicates that deregulation of Notch signaling correlates with the pathogenesis of significant pulmonary conditions, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), lung carcinoma, and pulmonary abnormalities in some hereditary disorders. In various cellular and tissue environments, and across both physiological and pathological conditions, multiple consequences of Notch activation have been observed. Studies have ascertained that the Notch signaling cascade exhibits close associations with various other signaling systems. This study provides an updated overview of Notch signaling's role, especially its link to fibrosis and its potential therapeutic implications. This study sheds light on the latest findings regarding the mechanisms and outcomes of irregular or lacking Notch activity in the onset and development of pulmonary diseases. As our insight into this signaling mechanism suggests that modulating Notch signaling might hold potential as a valuable additional therapeutic approach in upcoming research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Antar
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Kh ElMahdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Ahmed G Darwish
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32308, USA
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Gabriel V, Lincoln A, Zdyrski C, Ralston A, Wickham H, Honold S, Ahmed BH, Paukner K, Feauto R, Merodio MM, Piñeyro P, Meyerholz D, Allenspach K, Mochel JP. Evaluation of different media compositions promoting hepatocyte differentiation in the canine liver organoid model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28420. [PMID: 38590903 PMCID: PMC10999936 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids are 3-dimensional (3D) self-assembled structures capable of replicating the microanatomy and physiology of the epithelial components of their organ of origin. Adult stem cell (ASC) derived organoids from the liver have previously been shown to differentiate into primarily mature cholangiocytes, and their partial differentiation into functional hepatocytes can be promoted using specific media compositions. While full morphological differentiation of mature hepatocytes from ASCs has not yet been reported for any species, the functional differentiation can be approximated using various media compositions. Six differentiation media formulations from published studies on hepatic organoids were used for the differentiation protocol. Target species for these protocols were humans, mice, cats, and dogs, and encompassed various combinations and concentrations of four major hepatocyte media components: Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7), Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19), Dexamethasone (Dex), and Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor IX (DAPT). Additionally, removing R-spondin from basic organoid media has previously been shown to drive the differentiation of ASC into mature hepatocytes. Differentiation media (N = 20) were designed to encompass combinations of the four major hepatocyte media components. The preferred differentiation of ASC-derived organoids from liver tissue into mature hepatocytes over cholangiocytes was confirmed by albumin production in the culture supernatant. Out of the twenty media compositions tested, six media resulted in the production of the highest amounts of albumin in the supernatant of the organoids. The cell lines cultured using these six media were further characterized via histological staining, transmission electron microscopy, RNA in situ hybridization, analysis of gene expression patterns, immunofluorescence, and label-free proteomics. The results indicate that preferential hepatocyte maturation from canine ADC-derived organoids from liver tissue is mainly driven by Dexamethasone and DAPT components. FGF19 did not enhance organoid differentiation but improved cell culture survival. Furthermore, we confirm that removing R-spondin from the media is crucial for establishing mature hepatic organoid cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Gabriel
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Addison Lincoln
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Christopher Zdyrski
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 30602, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Hannah Wickham
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Sydney Honold
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Basant H. Ahmed
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Karel Paukner
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, CZ, Czech Republic
| | - Ryan Feauto
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Maria M. Merodio
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - David Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Karin Allenspach
- SMART Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 30602, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Mochel
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 30602, Athens, GA, USA
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MacLean MR, Walker OL, Arun RP, Fernando W, Marcato P. Informed by Cancer Stem Cells of Solid Tumors: Advances in Treatments Targeting Tumor-Promoting Factors and Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4102. [PMID: 38612911 PMCID: PMC11012648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation within tumors that promote cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence due to their self-renewal capacity and resistance to conventional therapies. CSC-specific markers and signaling pathways highly active in CSCs have emerged as a promising strategy for improving patient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic targets associated with CSCs of solid tumors across various cancer types, including key molecular markers aldehyde dehydrogenases, CD44, epithelial cellular adhesion molecule, and CD133 and signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and Sonic Hedgehog. We discuss a wide array of therapeutic modalities ranging from targeted antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, and near-infrared photoimmunotherapy to advanced genetic approaches like RNA interference, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, CAR natural killer cells, bispecific T cell engagers, immunotoxins, drug-antibody conjugates, therapeutic peptides, and dendritic cell vaccines. This review spans developments from preclinical investigations to ongoing clinical trials, highlighting the innovative targeting strategies that have been informed by CSC-associated pathways and molecules to overcome therapeutic resistance. We aim to provide insights into the potential of these therapies to revolutionize cancer treatment, underscoring the critical need for a multi-faceted approach in the battle against cancer. This comprehensive analysis demonstrates how advances made in the CSC field have informed significant developments in novel targeted therapeutic approaches, with the ultimate goal of achieving more effective and durable responses in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya R. MacLean
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
| | - Olivia L. Walker
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
| | - Raj Pranap Arun
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
| | - Wasundara Fernando
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Paola Marcato
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Hu Y, Hu X, Luo J, Huang J, Sun Y, Li H, Qiao Y, Wu H, Li J, Zhou L, Zheng S. Liver organoid culture methods. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:197. [PMID: 37915043 PMCID: PMC10619312 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids, three-dimensional structures cultured in vitro, can recapitulate the microenvironment, complex architecture, and cellular functions of in vivo organs or tissues. In recent decades, liver organoids have been developed rapidly, and their applications in biomedicine, such as drug screening, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine, have been widely recognized. However, the lack of repeatability and consistency, including the lack of standardized culture conditions, has been a major obstacle to the development and clinical application of liver organoids. It is time-consuming for researchers to identify an appropriate medium component scheme, and the usage of some ingredients remains controversial. In this review, we summarized and compared different methods for liver organoid cultivation that have been published in recent years, focusing on controversial medium components and discussing their advantages and drawbacks. We aimed to provide an effective reference for the development and standardization of liver organoid cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Hu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiacheng Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yaohan Sun
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yinbiao Qiao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Zhejiang Shuren University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310015, China
- The Organ Repair and Regeneration Medicine Institute of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Zhejiang Shuren University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, China.
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Rahimian N, Sheida A, Rajabi M, Heidari MM, Tobeiha M, Esfahani PV, Ahmadi Asouri S, Hamblin MR, Mohamadzadeh O, Motamedzadeh A, Khaksary Mahabady M. Non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs in pituitary adenoma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154649. [PMID: 37453360 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Pituitary adenoma (PA) is the third most common primary intracranial tumor in terms of overall disease incidence. Although they are benign tumors, they can have a variety of clinical symptoms, but are mostly asymptomatic, which often leads to diagnosis at an advanced stage when surgical intervention is ineffective. Earlier identification of PA could reduce morbidity and allow better clinical management of the affected patients. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not generally code for proteins, but can modulate biological processes at the post-transcriptional level through a variety of molecular mechanisms. An increased number of ncRNA expression profiles have been found in PAs. Therefore, understanding the expression patterns of different ncRNAs could be a promising method for developing non-invasive biomarkers. This review summarizes the expression patterns of dysregulated ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) involved in PA, which could one day serve as innovative biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the treatment of this neoplasia. We also discuss the potential molecular pathways by which the dysregulated ncRNAs could cause PA and affect its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rahimian
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Rajabi
- Department of Pathology, Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Heidari
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tobeiha
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Pegah Veradi Esfahani
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Omid Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Motamedzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Wu J, Guo J, Fang Q, Liu Y, Li C, Xie W, Zhang Y. Identification of biomarkers associated with the invasion of nonfunctional pituitary neuroendocrine tumors based on the immune microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1131693. [PMID: 37522128 PMCID: PMC10376796 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1131693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The invasive behavior of nonfunctioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PitNEts) affects complete resection and indicates a poor prognosis. Cancer immunotherapy has been experimentally used for the treatment of many tumors, including pituitary tumors. The current study aimed to screen the key immune-related genes in NF-PitNEts with invasion. Methods We used two cohorts to explore novel biomarkers in NF-PitNEts. The immune infiltration-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained based on high/low immune scores, which were calculated through the ESTIMATE algorithm. The abundance of immune cells was predicted using the ImmuCellAI database. WGCNA was used to construct a coexpression network of immune cell-related genes. Random forest analysis was used to select the candidate genes associated with invasion. The expression of key genes was verified in external validation set using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR). Results The immune and invasion related DEGs was obtained based on the first dataset of NF-PitNEts (n=112). The immune cell-associated modules in NF-PitNEts were calculate by WGCNA. Random forest analysis was performed on 81 common genes intersected by immune-related genes, invasion-related genes, and module genes. Then, 20 of these genes with the highest RF score were selected to construct the invasion and immune-associated classification model. We found that this model had high prediction accuracy for tumor invasion, which had the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value in the training dataset from the first dataset (n=78), the self-test dataset from the first dataset (n=34), and the independent test dataset (n=73) (AUC=0.732/0.653/0.619). Functional enrichment analysis revealed that 8 out of the 20 genes were enriched in multiple signaling pathways. Subsequently, the 8-gene (BMP6, CIB2, FABP5, HOMER2, MAML3, NIN, PRKG2 and SIDT2) classification model was constructed and showed good efficiency in the first dataset (AUC=0.671). In addition, the expression levels of these 8 genes were verified by qRT‒PCR. Conclusion We identified eight key genes associated with invasion and immunity in NF-PitNEts that may play a fundamental role in invasive progression and may provide novel potential immunotherapy targets for NF-PitNEts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Wu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyue Fang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulou Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Xie
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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Xu H, Huo R, Li H, Jiao Y, Weng J, Wang J, Yan Z, Zhang J, Zhao S, He Q, Sun Y, Wang S, Cao Y. KRAS mutation-induced EndMT of brain arteriovenous malformation is mediated through the TGF-β/BMP-SMAD4 pathway. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2023; 8:197-206. [PMID: 36418055 PMCID: PMC10359780 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2022-001700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Somatic KRAS mutations have been identified in the majority of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs), and subsequent in vivo experiments have confirmed that KRAS mutation in endothelial cells (ECs) causes AVMs in mouse and zebrafish models. Our previous study demonstrated that the KRASG12D mutant independently induced the endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which was reversed by treatment with the lipid-lowering drug lovastatin. However, the underlying mechanisms of action were unclear. METHODS We used human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) overexpressing the KRASG12D mutant for Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence and wound healing assays to evaluate the EndMT and determine the activation of downstream pathways. Knockdown of SMAD4 by RNA interference was performed to explore the role of SMAD4 in regulating the EndMT. BAVM ECs expressing the KRASG12D mutant were obtained to verify the SMAD4 function. Finally, we performed a coimmunoprecipitation assay to probe the mechanism by which lovastatin affects SMAD4. RESULTS HUVECs infected with KRASG12D adenovirus underwent the EndMT. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling pathways were activated in the KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissue. Knocking down SMAD4 expression in both KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissues inhibited the EndMT. Lovastatin attenuated the EndMT by downregulating p-SMAD2/3, p-SMAD1/5 and acetylated SMAD4 expression in KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the KRASG12D mutant induces the EndMT by activating the ERK-TGF-β/BMP-SMAD4 signalling pathway and that lovastatin inhibits the EndMT by suppressing TGF-β/BMP pathway activation and SMAD4 acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiancong Weng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junze Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shaozhi Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qiheng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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9
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Agarwal P, Glowacka A, Mahmoud L, Bazzar W, Larsson LG, Alzrigat M. MYCN Amplification Is Associated with Reduced Expression of Genes Encoding γ-Secretase Complex and NOTCH Signaling Components in Neuroblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8141. [PMID: 37175848 PMCID: PMC10179553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is found in ~20% of neuroblastoma (NB) cases and correlates with high-risk disease and poor prognosis. Despite the plethora of studies describing the role of MYCN in NB, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying MYCN's contribution to high-risk disease are not completely understood. Herein, we implemented an integrative approach combining publicly available RNA-Seq and MYCN ChIP-Seq datasets derived from human NB cell lines to define biological processes directly regulated by MYCN in NB. Our approach revealed that MYCN-amplified NB cell lines, when compared to non-MYCN-amplified cell lines, are characterized by reduced expression of genes involved in NOTCH receptor processing, axoneme assembly, and membrane protein proteolysis. More specifically, we found genes encoding members of the γ-secretase complex, which is known for its ability to liberate several intracellular signaling molecules from membrane-bound proteins such as NOTCH receptors, to be down-regulated in MYCN-amplified NB cell lines. Analysis of MYCN ChIP-Seq data revealed an enrichment of MYCN binding at the transcription start sites of genes encoding γ-secretase complex subunits. Notably, using publicly available gene expression data from NB primary tumors, we revealed that the expression of γ-secretase subunits encoding genes and other components of the NOTCH signaling pathway was also reduced in MYCN-amplified tumors and correlated with worse overall survival in NB patients. Genetic or pharmacological depletion of MYCN in NB cell lines induced the expression of γ-secretase genes and NOTCH-target genes. Chemical inhibition of γ-secretase activity dampened the expression of NOTCH-target genes upon MYCN depletion in NB cells. In conclusion, this study defines a set of MYCN-regulated pathways that are specific to MYCN-amplified NB tumors, and it suggests a novel role for MYCN in the suppression of genes of the γ-secretase complex, with an impact on the NOTCH-target gene expression in MYCN-amplified NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasoon Agarwal
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Aleksandra Glowacka
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Loay Mahmoud
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wesam Bazzar
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars-Gunnar Larsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Alzrigat
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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Liu K, Ge H, Liu C, Jiang Y, Yu Y, Zhou Z. Notch-RBPJ Pathway for the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Femoral Head Necrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076295. [PMID: 37047268 PMCID: PMC10094204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Femoral head necrosis (FHN) is a common leg disease in broilers, resulting in economic losses in the poultry industry. The occurrence of FHN is closely related to the decrease in the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the change in differentiation direction. This study aimed to investigate the function of differentiation of BMSCs in the development of FHN. We isolated and cultured BMSCs from spontaneous FHN-affected broilers and normal broilers, assessed the ability of BMSCs into three lineages by multiple staining methods, and found that BMSCs isolated from FHN-affected broilers demonstrated enhanced lipogenic differentiation, activated Notch-RBPJ signaling pathway, and diminished osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. The treatment of BMSCs with methylprednisolone (MP) revealed a significant decrease in the expressions of Runx2, BMP2, Col2a1 and Aggrecan, while the expressions of p-Notch1/Notch1, Notch2 and RBPJ were increased significantly. Jagged-1 (JAG-1, Notch activator)/DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor) could promote/inhibit the osteogenic or chondrogenic ability of MP-treated BMSCs, respectively, whereas the differentiation ability of BMSCs was restored after transfection with si-RBPJ. The above results suggest that the Notch-RBPJ pathway plays important role in FHN progression by modulating the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
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11
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Li N, Desiderio DM, Zhan X. The use of mass spectrometry in a proteome-centered multiomics study of human pituitary adenomas. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:964-1013. [PMID: 34109661 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pituitary adenoma (PA) is a common intracranial neoplasm, and is a complex, chronic, and whole-body disease with multicausing factors, multiprocesses, and multiconsequences. It is very difficult to clarify molecular mechanism and treat PAs from the single-factor strategy model. The rapid development of multiomics and systems biology changed the paradigms from a traditional single-factor strategy to a multiparameter systematic strategy for effective management of PAs. A series of molecular alterations at the genome, transcriptome, proteome, peptidome, metabolome, and radiome levels are involved in pituitary tumorigenesis, and mutually associate into a complex molecular network system. Also, the center of multiomics is moving from structural genomics to phenomics, including proteomics and metabolomics in the medical sciences. Mass spectrometry (MS) has been extensively used in phenomics studies of human PAs to clarify molecular mechanisms, and to discover biomarkers and therapeutic targets/drugs. MS-based proteomics and proteoform studies play central roles in the multiomics strategy of PAs. This article reviews the status of multiomics, multiomics-based molecular pathway networks, molecular pathway network-based pattern biomarkers and therapeutic targets/drugs, and future perspectives for personalized, predeictive, and preventive (3P) medicine in PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dominic M Desiderio
- The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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12
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Li Z, Chen Y, Yao X, Liu Q, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Feng J, Gao H. The Integrated Stress Response Is Tumorigenic and Constitutes a Therapeutic Liability in Somatotroph Adenomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113067. [PMID: 36361871 PMCID: PMC9653568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatotroph adenomas are the leading cause of acromegaly, with the nearly sparsely granulated somatotroph subtype belonging to high-risk adenomas, and they are less responsive to medical treatment. The integrated stress response (ISR) is an essential stress-support pathway increasingly recognized as a determinant of tumorigenesis. In this study, we identified the characteristic profiling of the integrated stress response in translocation and translation initiation factor activity in somatotroph adenomas, normal pituitary, or other adenoma subtypes through proteomics. Immunohistochemistry exhibited the differential significance and the priority of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2β (EIF2β) in somatotroph adenomas compared with gonadotroph and corticotroph adenomas. Differentially expressed genes based on the level of EIF2β in somatotroph adenomas were revealed. MetaSape pathways showed that EIF2β was involved in regulating growth and cell activation, immune system, and extracellular matrix organization processes. The correlation analysis showed Spearman correlation coefficients of r = 0.611 (p < 0.001) for EIF2β and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 1 (HRI), r = 0.765 (p < 0.001) for eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2 (PKR), r = 0.813 (p < 0.001) for eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (PERK), r = 0.728 (p < 0.001) for GCN2, and r = 0.732 (p < 0.001) for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, the invasive potential in patients with a high EIF2β was greater than that in patients with a low EIF2β (7/10 vs. 4/18, p = 0.038), with a lower immune-cell infiltration probability (p < 0.05). The ESTIMATE algorithm showed that the levels of activation of the EIF2 pathway were negatively correlated with the immune score in somatotroph adenomas (p < 0.001). In in vitro experiments, the knockdown of EIF2β changed the phenotype of somatotroph adenomas, including cell proliferation, migration, and the secretion ability of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1. In this study, we demonstrate that the ISR is pivotal in somatotroph adenomas and provide a rationale for implementing ISR-based regimens in future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenye Li
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yiyuan Chen
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Xiaohui Yao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (H.G.)
| | - Hua Gao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing 100070, China
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (H.G.)
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13
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Yao J, Bergsland E, Aggarwal R, Aparicio A, Beltran H, Crabtree JS, Hann CL, Ibrahim T, Byers LA, Sasano H, Umejiego J, Pavel M. DLL3 as an Emerging Target for the Treatment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Oncologist 2022; 27:940-951. [PMID: 35983951 PMCID: PMC9632312 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are heterogeneous malignancies that can arise at almost any anatomical site and are classified as biologically distinct well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC). Current systemic therapies for advanced disease, including targeted therapies, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are associated with limited duration of response. New therapeutic targets are needed. One promising target is delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), an inhibitory ligand of the Notch receptor whose overexpression on the surface of NEN is associated with tumorigenesis. METHODS This article is a narrative review that highlights the role of DLL3 in NEN progression and prognosis, the potential for therapeutic targeting of DLL3, and ongoing studies of DLL3-targeting therapies. Classification, incidence, pathogenesis, and current management of NEN are reviewed to provide biological context and illustrate the unmet clinical needs. DISCUSSION DLL3 is overexpressed in many NENs, implicated in tumor progression, and is typically associated with poor clinical outcomes, particularly in patients with NEC. Targeted therapies using DLL3 as a homing beacon for cytotoxic activity mediated via several different mechanisms (eg, antibody-drug conjugates, T-cell engager molecules, CAR-Ts) have shown promising clinical activity in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). DLL3 may be a clinically actionable target across NEN. CONCLUSIONS Current treatment options for NEN do not provide sustained responses. DLL3 is expressed on the cell surface of many NEN types and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Initial clinical studies targeting DLL3 therapeutically in SCLC have been promising, and additional studies are expanding this approach to the broader group of NEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Yao
- Corresponding author: James Yao, MD, Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 426, Houston, TX 77030-4017, USA. Tel: +1 713 792 2828;
| | | | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Department of Medicine, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ana Aparicio
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judy S Crabtree
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christine L Hann
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Marianne Pavel
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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14
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Chen Z, Jia Q, Zhao Z, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Qiao N, Ye Z, Ji C, Zhang Y, He W, Shi C, Cai Y, Yao B, Han R, Wang Y, Shou X, Shen M, Cao X, Zhou X, Cheng H, Zhu J, Hu Y, Zhang Z, Ye H, Li Y, Li S, Wang Y, Ma Z, Ni T, Zhao Y. Transcription Factor ASCL1 Acts as a Novel Potential Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of the Cushing's Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2296-2306. [PMID: 35521682 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of Cushing's disease (CD) is still not adequately understood despite the identification of somatic driver mutations in USP8, BRAF, and USP48. In this multiomics study, we combined RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) with Sanger sequencing to depict transcriptional dysregulation under different gene mutation backgrounds. Furthermore, we evaluated the potential of achaete-scute complex homolog 1 (ASCL1), a pioneer transcription factor, as a novel therapeutic target for treatment of CD and its possible downstream pathway. METHODS RNA-seq was adopted to investigate the gene expression profile of CD, and Sanger sequencing was adopted to detect gene mutations. Bioinformatics analysis was used to depict transcriptional dysregulation under different gene mutation backgrounds. The function of ASCL1 in hormone secretion, cell proliferation, and apoptosis were studied in vitro. The effectiveness of an ASCL1 inhibitor was evaluated in primary CD cells, and the clinical relevance of ASCL1 was examined in 68 patients with CD. RNA-seq in AtT-20 cells on Ascl1 knockdown combined with published chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data and dual luciferase assays were used to explore downstream pathways. RESULTS ASCL1 was exclusively overexpressed in USP8-mutant and wild-type tumors. Ascl1 promoted adrenocorticotrophin hormone overproduction and tumorigenesis and directly regulated Pomc in AtT-20 cells. An ASCL1 inhibitor presented promising efficacy in both AtT-20 and primary CD cells. ASCL1 overexpression was associated with a larger tumor volume and higher adrenocorticotrophin secretion in patients with CD. CONCLUSION Our findings help to clarify the pathogenesis of CD and suggest that ASCL1 is a potential therapeutic target the treatment of CD. SUMMARY The pathogenesis of Cushing's disease (CD) is still not adequately understood despite the identification of somatic driver mutations in USP8, BRAF, and USP48. Moreover, few effective medical therapies are currently available for the treatment of CD. Here, using a multiomics approach, we first report the aberrant overexpression of the transcription factor gene ASCL1 in USP8-mutant and wild-type tumors of CD. Ascl1 promoted adrenocorticotrophin hormone overproduction and tumorigenesis and directly regulated Pomc in mouse AtT-20 cells. Notably, an ASCL1 inhibitor presented promising efficacy in both AtT-20 and primary CD cells. Importantly, ASCL1 overexpression was associated with a larger tumor volume and higher adrenocorticotrophin secretion in patients with CD. Thus, our findings improve understanding of CD pathogenesis and suggest that ASCL1 is a potential therapeutic target the treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Qi Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhaozhao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nidan Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Zhao Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Chenxing Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Wenqiang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Chengzhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Yixin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Boyuan Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Shou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Xiaoyun Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Haixia Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongying Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Yongfei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Zengyi Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai,, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 201100, China
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15
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Demarchi G, Valla S, Perrone S, Chimento A, Bonadeo N, Vitale DL, Spinelli FM, Cervio A, Sevlever G, Alaniz L, Berner S, Cristina C. β-Catenin is reduced in membranes of human prolactinoma cells and it is inhibited by temozolomide in prolactin secreting tumor models. Tumour Biol 2022; 44:85-105. [DOI: 10.3233/tub-211500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Prolactinomas are the most frequent pituitary tumor subtype. Despite most of them respond to medical treatment, a proportion are resistant and become a challenge in clinical management. Wnt/β-Catenin pathway has been implicated in several cancers including pituitary tumors and other sellar region malignancies. Interestingly, Wnt/β-Catenin inhibition augments the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent Temozolomide (TMZ) in different cancers. TMZ is now being implemented as rescue therapy for aggressive pituitary adenoma treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with TMZ action in pituitary tumors remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: Our aims in the present study were to evaluate differential β-Catenin expression in human resistant prolactinomas and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling activation and involvement in Prolactin (PRL) secreting experimental models treated with TMZ. RESULTS: We first evaluated by immunohistochemistry β-Catenin localization in human resistant prolactinomas in which we demonstrated reduced membrane β-Catenin in prolactinoma cells compared to normal pituitaries, independently of the Ki-67 proliferation indexes. In turn, in vivo 15 mg/kg of orally administered TMZ markedly reduced PRL production and increased prolactinoma cell apoptosis in mice bearing xenografted prolactinomas. Intratumoral β-Catenin strongly correlated with Prl and Cyclin D1, and importantly, TMZ downregulated both β-Catenin and Cyclin D1, supporting their significance in prolactinoma growth and as candidates of therapeutic targets. When tested in vitro, TMZ directly reduced MMQ cell viability, increased apoptosis and produced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Remarkably, β-Catenin activation and VEGF secretion were inhibited by TMZ in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that dopamine resistant prolactinomas undergo a β-Catenin relocalization in relation to normal pituitaries and that TMZ restrains experimental prolactinoma tumorigenicity by reducing PRL production and β-Catenin activation. Together, our findings contribute to the understanding of Wnt/β-Catenin implication in prolactinoma maintenance and TMZ therapy, opening the opportunity of new treatment strategies for aggressive and resistant pituitary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianina Demarchi
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofía Valla
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofía Perrone
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Chimento
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nadia Bonadeo
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daiana Luján Vitale
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fiorella Mercedes Spinelli
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Cervio
- Departamento de Neurocirugía/Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Sevlever
- Departamento de Neurocirugía/Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Berner
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Clínica Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Cristina
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA) – UNNOBA-UNSAdA-CONICET, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Kadian LK, Arora M, Prasad CP, Pramanik R, Chauhan SS. Signaling pathways and their potential therapeutic utility in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1014-1032. [PMID: 34990001 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a complex gastrointestinal malignancy with an extremely poor outcome. Approximately 80% of cases of this malignancy in Asian countries including India are of squamous cell origin, termed Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC).The five-year survival rate in ESCC patients is less than 20%. Neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (NACRT) followed by surgical resection remains the major therapeutic strategy for patients with operable ESCC. However, resistance to NACRT and local recurrence after initial treatment are the leading cause of dismal outcomes in these patients. Therefore, an alternative strategy to promote response to the therapy and reduce the post-operative disease recurrence is highly needed. At the molecular level, wide variations have been observed in tumor characteristics among different populations, nevertheless, several common molecular features have been identified which orchestrate disease progression and clinical outcome in the malignancy. Therefore, determination of candidate molecular pathways for targeted therapy remains the mainstream idea of focus in ESCC research. In this review, we have discussed the key signaling pathways associated with ESCC, i.e., Notch, Wnt, and Nrf2 pathways, and their crosstalk during disease progression. We further discuss the recent developments of novel agents to target these pathways in the context of targeted cancer therapy. In-depth research of the signaling pathways, gene signatures, and a combinatorial approach may help in discovering targeted therapy for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Kadian
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - C P Prasad
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. B. R. Ambedkar-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Pramanik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S S Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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17
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Notch signaling in malignant gliomas: supporting tumor growth and the vascular environment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:737-747. [PMID: 35624227 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most malignant form of glioma, which is the most commonly occurring tumor of the central nervous system. Notch signaling in glioblastoma is considered to be a marker of an undifferentiated tumor cell state, associated with tumor stem cells. Notch is also known for facilitating tumor dormancy escape, recurrence and progression after treatment. Studies in vitro suggest that reducing, removing or blocking the expression of this gene triggers tumor cell differentiation, which shifts the phenotype away from stemness status and consequently facilitates treatment. In contrast, in the vasculature, Notch appears to also function as an important receptor that defines mature non-leaking vessels, and increasing its expression promotes tumor normalization in models of cancer in vivo. Failures in clinical trials with Notch inhibitors are potentially related to their opposing effects on the tumor versus the tumor vasculature, which points to the need for a greater understanding of this signaling pathway.
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He Z, Wu J, Zeng X, Bao H, Liu X. Role of the Notch ligands Jagged1 and Delta4 in Th17/Treg immune imbalance in a mouse model of chronic asthma. Exp Lung Res 2021; 47:289-299. [PMID: 34096812 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2021.1933653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Asthma is associated with a T helper (Th)17/regulatory T (Treg) cells immune imbalance where the Notch signaling pathway contributes vitally. This study aimed to explore the role of Notch ligands Jagged1 and Delta4 in the Th17/Treg immune imbalance of chronic asthmatic mice. METHODS The experimental animals were randomly assigned to the Saline, ovalbumin (OVA), and OVA + γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) groups. A mouse model of chronic asthma was induced by OVA sensitization and challenge. GSI was injected intraperitoneally before the OVA challenge in the OVA + GSI group. Lung function, lung histopathology and immunohistochemistry to assess airway inflammation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure cytokines levels, flow cytometry to measure the proportions of Th17 (Th17%) and Treg% in CD4+T cells, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot to measure mRNA and protein levels of Jagged1 and Delta4 in lung tissue, and correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS Lung function and histopathology and IL-4, IL-13, and IFN-γ levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of chronic asthmatic mice showed characteristic changes of asthma. The Th17%, Th17/Treg ratio, BALF and serum IL-17 levels, and IL-17/IL-10 ratio increased significantly in the OVA group, while the Treg% and IL-10 level significantly decreased. mRNA and protein expression levels of Jagged1 and Delta4 increased significantly. GSI could reduce the Th17%, Th17/Treg ratio, IL-17, IL-17/IL-10 ratio, and Jagged1 expression in chronic asthmatic mice. The mRNA and protein levels of Jagged1 and Delta4 were positively correlated with the Th17/Treg ratio in the OVA group, while only those of Jagged1 were positively correlated with the Th17/Treg ratio in the OVA + GSI group. CONCLUSIONS In chronic asthmatic mice, the Th17/Treg ratio increased, and the Notch ligands Jagged1 and Delta4 were overactive and positively regulated the Th17/Treg imbalance. GSI partially inhibited Jagged1 and relieved the Th17/Treg imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jirong Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zeng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hairong Bao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoju Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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19
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Nguyen R, Da Won Bae S, Qiao L, George J. Developing liver organoids from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): An alternative source of organoid generation for liver cancer research. Cancer Lett 2021; 508:13-17. [PMID: 33771683 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) represents a significant proportion of all human cancers and constitutes a substantial health and economic burden to society. Traditional therapeutic approaches such as surgical resection and chemotherapy often fail due to tumour relapse or innate tumour chemoresistance. There is a dearth of efficient treatments for PLC in part due to the poor capacity of current laboratory models to reflect critical features of the native tumour in vivo. The increasing incorporation of organoid systems has led to a resurgence of interest in liver cancer research. Organoid systems show promise as the gold standard for recapitulating tumours in vitro. Further, developments in culturing techniques will improve the various shortcomings of the current systems. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived liver organoids are a promising alternative to the conventional liver organoid model as it circumvents the need to rely on primary resections which are often scarce. In this concise review, we will discuss novel techniques for organoid culture with a focus on organoid co-cultures and their advantages over traditional organoid systems. A detailed technical protocol for the generation of iPSC-derived liver organoids is provided as an appendix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romario Nguyen
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Sarah Da Won Bae
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
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20
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Zeng C, Shao Z, Wei Z, Yao J, Wang W, Yin L, YangOu H, Xiong D. The NOTCH-HES-1 axis is involved in promoting Th22 cell differentiation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:7. [PMID: 33622250 PMCID: PMC7901075 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NOTCH signaling has been shown to play a role in the production of interleukin-22 (IL-22) by CD4+ T cells. Multiple T-helper (Th) cell populations secrete IL-22. Th22 (CD4+IL22+IFNγ-IL17A-) cells are a subgroup of CD4+ effector T cells that primarily generate IL-22. The regulatory mechanisms of the NOTCH signaling pathway involved in differentiation of the Th22 cell subset have not been completely elucidated. This study aimed to further explore the involvement of NOTCH signaling in Th22 differentiation. METHODS In vitro combination of IL-6, IL-23, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) treatment with naïve CD4+ T cells established the Th22 cell induced model. NOTCH signaling was activated by jagged-1 and inhibited by (2S)-N-[(3,5-difluorophenyl) acetyl]-L-alanyl-2-phenyl]glycine 1,1-dimethylethyl ester (DAPT). HES-1 siRNA and HES-1 vector were employed to knock down and induce overexpression of HES-1 to investigate the effect of NOTCH signaling on the differentiation of CD4+T cells into Th22 cells. RESULTS We observed that the proportion of Th22 cells, along with Hes-1, Ahr, and Il-22 mRNA and protein expression, was increased by both jagged-1 and overexpression of HES-1. On the other hand, after the combined cytokine treatment of cells, and exposure to jagged-1 and DAPT or HES-1 siRNA, there was a decrease in the Th22 cell proportion, mRNA and protein expression of HES-1, AHR, and IL-22. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that HES-1 enhancement in AHR and IL-22 up-regulation of NOTCH signaling can promote the skewing of naïve CD4+T cells toward Th22 cells. Also, the results of our study show that HES-1 is a crucial factor in Th22 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zeng
- Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528300, China.
| | - Zhongbao Shao
- Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Foshan, China
| | - Zibo Wei
- Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Liang Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Huixian YangOu
- Department of Anesthesiology Operating Room, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China.
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21
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Hu X, Bai S, Li L, Tian P, Wang S, Zhang N, Shen B, Du J, Liu S. MiR-200c-3p increased HDMEC proliferation through the notch signaling pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:897-905. [PMID: 33472424 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220981859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive proliferation of vascular endothelial cells can cause hemangioma. Although typically benign, hemangiomas can become life-threatening. The microRNA miR-200c-3p is abnormally expressed in some types of tumors, but its expression, biological role, and mechanism of action in infantile hemangioma remain to be fully elucidated. The expression levels of miR-200c-3p in hemangioma tissue were compared with those in adjacent healthy tissue by using bioinformatics analyses and TargetScan. Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Cell Counting Kit 8 analyses were used to determine the biological function and site of action of miR-200c-3p in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs). MiR-200c-3p was one of the top 10 differentially expressed genes between healthy tissue, and hemangiomas tissues, having markedly decreased expression in hemangioma tissue. Reduction of miR-200c-3p expression in HDMECs through the transfection of a miR-200c-3p inhibitor significantly increased HDMEC proliferation. The addition of the Notch signaling pathway inhibitor DAPT to HDMECs transfected with the miR-200c-3p inhibitor eliminated the inhibitor-induced enhancement of proliferation in HDMECs. These findings indicate that miR-200c-3p targets the Notch signaling pathway to promote the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that miR-200c-3p plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hemangioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyu Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Suwen Bai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lingyi Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Pengfei Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Sun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Bing Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen & The Third Affiliated Hospital (Provisional) of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Shengxiu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
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Chen Y, Gao H, Liu Q, Xie W, Li B, Cheng S, Guo J, Fang Q, Zhu H, Wang Z, Wang J, Li C, Zhang Y. Functional characterization of DLK1/MEG3 locus on chromosome 14q32.2 reveals the differentiation of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1422-1439. [PMID: 33472171 PMCID: PMC7835058 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) represent the neoplastic proliferation of the anterior pituitary gland. Transcription factors play a key role in the differentiation of PitNETs. However, for a substantial proportion of PitNETs, the etiology is poorly understood. According to the transcription data of 172 patients, we found the imprinting disorders of the 14q32.2 region and DLK1/MEG3 locus associated with the differentiation of PitNETs. DLK1/MEG3 locus promoted somatotroph differentiation and inhibited tumor proliferation in PIT1(+) patients, furthermore, the level of DLK1 played a critical role in the trend of somatotroph or lactotroph differentiation. Anti-DLK1 monoclonal antibody blockade or siMEG3 both indicated that the DLK1/MEG3 significantly promoted the synthesis and secretion of GH/IGF-1 and inhibited cell proliferation. In addition, loss of DLK1 activated the mTOR signaling pathway in high DLK1-expressing and PIT1(+) GH3 cell lines, a mild effect in the low DLK1-expressing and PIT1(+) MMQ cell lines and no effect in the PIT1(-) ATT20 cell line. These findings emphasize that expression at the DLK1/MEG3 locus plays a key role in the differentiation of PitNETs, especially somatotroph adenomas, and provide potential molecular target data for patient stratification and treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Weiyan Xie
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Sen Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Qiuyue Fang
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jichao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang 830001, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
- Brain Tumor Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
- Brain Tumor Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100070, China
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Chen Y, Li B, Feng J, Fang Q, Cheng J, Xie W, Li C, Cheng S, Zhang Y, Gao H. JAG1, Regulated by microRNA-424-3p, Involved in Tumorigenesis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of High Proliferative Potential-Pituitary Adenomas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:567021. [PMID: 33425722 PMCID: PMC7787033 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.567021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are a neoplastic proliferation of anterior pituitary. Signature of Notch pathway relies upon the histopathological type of PAs. The details of Notch pathway that are involved in the migration and invasion of Pas are still unclear. This paper filters and testifies the relation between Notch signaling pathway and the migration/invasion in subtypes of PAs. The diversity of genes and pathways is investigated based on transcriptome data of 60 patients by KEGG pathway analysis and GSEA. A series of functional experiments demonstrate the role of candidate genes by overexpression and antibody blocking in GH3 cell line. Volcano map and GSEA results exhibit the differential and the priority of Jagged1 canonical Notch Ligand (JAG1) in the Notch pathway combined with clinical features. JAG1 is involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PAs by correlation analysis of RNA-seq data. Progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with high JAG1 was shorter than patients with low JAG1 according to follow-up data (P = 0.006). Furthermore, overexpression and antibody blocking experiments in GH3 cell line indicate that JAG1 could promote cell proliferation, migration, and G1/S transition. Double luciferase reporter assay gives manifests that JAG1 is the target gene of miR-424-3p, and mimics or inhibitor of miR-424-3p can regulate the level of JAG1 which, in turn, affects cell proliferation and the levels of MMP2 and VIM in GH3 cell line, respectively. Our study delves into the relation between the Notch signaling pathway and cell proliferation and EMT in PAs, providing a potential treatment through targeting JAG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Chen
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyue Fang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Xie
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Cheng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Kim CW, Lee SM, Ko EB, Go RE, Jeung EB, Kim MS, Choi KC. Inhibitory effects of cigarette smoke extracts on neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 95:75-85. [PMID: 32454085 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during the perinatal period is linked to adverse neonatal outcomes such as low birth weight and birth defects. Numerous studies have shown that cigarette smoke or nicotine exposure has a widespread effect on fetal nerve development. However, there exists a lack of understanding of what specific changes occur at the cellular level on persistent exposure to cigarette smoke during the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into neural cells. We previously investigated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and its major component, nicotine, on the neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Differentiation of mESCs into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) or neural crest cells (NCCs) was induced with chemically defined media, and the cells were continuously exposed to CSE or nicotine during neural differentiation and development. Disturbed balance of the pluripotency state was observed in the NPCs, with consequent inhibition of neurite outgrowth and glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap) expression. These inhibitions correlated with the altered expression of proteins involved in the Notch-1 signaling pathways. The migration ability of NCCs was significantly decreased by CSE or nicotine exposure, which was associated with reduced protein expression of migration-related proteins. Taken together, we concluded that CSE and nicotine inhibit differentiation of mESCs into NPCs or NCCs, and may disrupt functional development of neural cells. These results imply that cigarette smoking during the perinatal period potentially inhibits neural differentiation and development of ESCs cells, leading to neonatal abnormal brain development and behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Moo Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul-Bee Ko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Group, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Jeongeup, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea.
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p53 destabilizing protein skews asymmetric division and enhances NOTCH activation to direct self-renewal of TICs. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3084. [PMID: 32555153 PMCID: PMC7299990 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-initiating stem-like cells (TICs) are defective in maintaining asymmetric cell division and responsible for tumor recurrence. Cell-fate-determinant molecule NUMB-interacting protein (TBC1D15) is overexpressed and contributes to p53 degradation in TICs. Here we identify TBC1D15-mediated oncogenic mechanisms and tested the tumorigenic roles of TBC1D15 in vivo. We examined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in alcohol Western diet-fed hepatitis C virus NS5A Tg mice with hepatocyte-specific TBC1D15 deficiency or expression of non-phosphorylatable NUMB mutations. Liver-specific TBC1D15 deficiency or non-p-NUMB expression reduced TIC numbers and HCC development. TBC1D15–NuMA1 association impaired asymmetric division machinery by hijacking NuMA from LGN binding, thereby favoring TIC self-renewal. TBC1D15–NOTCH1 interaction activated and stabilized NOTCH1 which upregulated transcription of NANOG essential for TIC expansion. TBC1D15 activated three novel oncogenic pathways to promote self-renewal, p53 loss, and Nanog transcription in TICs. Thus, this central regulator could serve as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of HCC. Normal stem cells are maintained by asymmetric cell division, but this process is dysregulated in tumour initiating stem-like cells (TICs). Here, the authors show that TBC1D15 impairs the asymmetric division machinery and activates NOTCH pathway for TIC self-renewal and expansion to promote liver tumorigenesis.
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Wei D, Yiyuan C, Qian L, Jianhua L, Yazhuo Z, Hua G. The absence of PRDM2 involved the tumorigenesis of somatotroph adenomas through regulating c-Myc. Gene 2020; 737:144456. [PMID: 32044406 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Somatotroph adenoma is the main cause of acromegaly which have peripheral signs with growth of soft tissues and multiple comorbidities. Surgery and adjuvant therapy with somatostatin analogs (SSA) fail in more than 25% of patients. PRDM2, a tumor suppressor, plays an important role in cancer and obesity, including pituitary adenomas. In this study, we analyze the correlation of PRDM2 and oncogene c-Myc in 70 somatotroph adenomas according immunohistochemical staining, furthermore, we probed that whether PRDM2 participates in c-Myc signaling pathway in vitro experiment. 70 somatotroph adenomas patients were divided into low patients and high patients according to median of H-score of PRDM2 or c-Myc. Low PRDM2 patients had higher risk of invasive behavior, larger tumor volume and recurrence chance than high PRDM2 group (P = 0.015, P = 0.031, P = 0.017). High c-Myc patients had higher risk of invasive behavior, larger tumor volume and recurrence chance than low c-Myc group (P = 0.012, P = 0.002, P = 0.015). It was a negative correlation between H-score of PRDM2 and c-Myc (PRDM2 = -0.163 × c-Myc + 67.11, r = -0.407). The ability of cell proliferation was declined in a time dependent manner after overexpression of PRDM2 (PRDM2 group) compared to that in control GH3 cells (P < 0.05). Through flow cytometry assay, PRDM2 could induce the apoptosis and G2/M arrest in GH3 cell (both p < 0.05). Transwell experiment proved less trans-membrane cells in PRDM2 group than those in control group (415 ± 76 vs 145 ± 37, P < 0.01). RT-PCR and western blot both proved PRDM2 could inhibit the level c-Myc and elevate the levels of CDKN1A and CDKN1B. Combined with c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4, PRDM2 further inhibited cell proliferation and induced more apoptosis in GH3 cell. Taken together, we found that PRDM2 negatively regulated the expression of c-Myc in somatotroph adenomas, and testified the synergism between PRDM2 gene therapy and c-Myc inhibitor in vitro experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China; Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 119# Southwest 4rd, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chen Yiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 119# Southwest 4rd, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 119# Southwest 4rd, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Jianhua
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 119# Southwest 4rd, Beijing 100050, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256610, China
| | - Zhang Yazhuo
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 119# Southwest 4rd, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Gao Hua
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 119# Southwest 4rd, Beijing 100050, China.
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