1
|
Meng Z, Li T, Li J, Ding S, Liu Y, Zhao G, Chen C, Zhao P, Zhou L. LncRNAPVT1 is Associated with Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Proliferation Through Regulating TGF-βin Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Immunol Invest 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39189542 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2395874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer and has a poor survival rate. Cell-cell communication between OSCC cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) plays important roles in OSCC progression. We previously demonstrated that CAFs promote OSCC cell migration and invasion. However, how OSCC cells influence CAFs proliferation is unknown. METHODS Knockdown of PVT1 was confirmed using lentivirus infection technique. CAFs in tissues were identified by staining the cells with α-SMA using immunohistochemical technique. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation. The mRNA level of a gene was measured by qRT-PCR. Secreted TGF-β were detected using ELISA assay. RESULTS We found that knockdown of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) was associated with a low density of CAFs in xenograft tumors in mice; further analysis revealed that PVT1 in OSCC cells induced CAF proliferation through transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. DISCUSSION Our results demonstrate that lncRNA PVT1 in tumor cells participates in CAF development in OSCC by regulating TGF-β. This study revealed a new mechanism by which PVT1 regulates OSCC progression and PVT1 is a potential therapeutic target in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Meng
- Biomedical Laboratory, Medical School of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Tongjuan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Anqiu Municipal Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Precision Biomedical Laboratory of Liaocheng, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical School of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Shuxin Ding
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Weifang Medicial University, Weifang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yujiao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Guoli Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng Tumor Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Longxun Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohammad T, Zolotovskaia MA, Suntsova MV, Buzdin AA. Cancer fusion transcripts with human non-coding RNAs. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1415801. [PMID: 38919532 PMCID: PMC11196610 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1415801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer chimeric, or fusion, transcripts are thought to most frequently appear due to chromosomal aberrations that combine moieties of unrelated normal genes. When being expressed, this results in chimeric RNAs having upstream and downstream parts relatively to the breakpoint position for the 5'- and 3'-fusion components, respectively. As many other types of cancer mutations, fusion genes can be of either driver or passenger type. The driver fusions may have pivotal roles in malignisation by regulating survival, growth, and proliferation of tumor cells, whereas the passenger fusions most likely have no specific function in cancer. The majority of research on fusion gene formation events is concentrated on identifying fusion proteins through chimeric transcripts. However, contemporary studies evidence that fusion events involving non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes may also have strong oncogenic potential. In this review we highlight most frequent classes of ncRNAs fusions and summarize current understanding of their functional roles. In many cases, cancer ncRNA fusion can result in altered concentration of the non-coding RNA itself, or it can promote protein expression from the protein-coding fusion moiety. Differential splicing, in turn, can enrich the repertoire of cancer chimeric transcripts, e.g. as observed for the fusions of circular RNAs and long non-coding RNAs. These and other ncRNA fusions are being increasingly recognized as cancer biomarkers and even potential therapeutic targets. Finally, we discuss the use of ncRNA fusion genes in the context of cancer detection and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tharaa Mohammad
- Laboratory for Translational and Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic Technologies, Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianna A. Zolotovskaia
- Laboratory for Translational and Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic Technologies, Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anton A. Buzdin
- Laboratory for Translational and Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic Technologies, Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- PathoBiology Group, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vercouillie N, Ren Z, Terras E, Lammens T. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Neuroblastoma: Pathogenesis, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5690. [PMID: 38891878 PMCID: PMC11171840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant extracranial solid tumor of childhood. Recent studies involving the application of advanced high-throughput "omics" techniques have revealed numerous genomic alterations, including aberrant coding-gene transcript levels and dysfunctional pathways, that drive the onset, growth, progression, and treatment resistance of neuroblastoma. Research conducted in the past decade has shown that long non-coding RNAs, once thought to be transcriptomic noise, play key roles in cancer development. With the recent and continuing increase in the amount of evidence for the underlying roles of long non-coding RNAs in neuroblastoma, the potential clinical implications of these RNAs cannot be ignored. In this review, we discuss their biological mechanisms of action in the context of the central driving mechanisms of neuroblastoma, focusing on potential contributions to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of this disease. We also aim to provide a clear, integrated picture of future research opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Vercouillie
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
| | - Zhiyao Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Terras
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Lammens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Radhakrishna U, Ratnamala U, Jhala DD, Uppala LV, Vedangi A, Saiyed N, Patel M, Shah SR, Rawal RM, Jemec GBE, Mazza T, Mazzoccoli G, Damiani G. Deregulated Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNA) as Promising Biomarkers in Hidradenitis Suppurativa. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3016. [PMID: 38792557 PMCID: PMC11121919 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: In recent times, epigenetics alterations in Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) have been explored and exploited translationally to guide investigation of new therapeutic approaches. On the other hand, long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), main regulators of the epigenetic status of the human genome, have been scarcely investigated, notwithstanding their potential relevance in broad pathogenesis comprehension. Here, we aim to explore the methylation pattern of lncRNAs in HS. Methods: In this case-control study, 24 HS patients and age-, sex- and BMI-matched controls were analyzed to characterize the methylome of lncRNA genes in peripheral blood cells. Gene ontology analysis (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and MCODE analysis were performed. Results: A set of fifteen lncRNA genes exhibited significantly differential methylation patterns, with ten of them showing hypomethylation and five displaying hypermethylation at specific CpG sites. The hypomethylated lncRNA genes were DLEU2, MESTIT1, CASC2, TUG1, KCNQ1DN, PSORS1C3, PCA3, DSCR8, RFPL1S, and PVT1, while the hypermethylated ones were HAR1A, FAM66B, SNHG9, HCG9, and HCP5. These lncRNA genes have been linked to various important biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, chronic inflammatory skin diseases, and wound healing. Their altered methylation status suggests potential roles in regulating these processes, and may contribute to HS pathogenesis and healing mechanisms. Conclusions: This study revealed an interesting dysregulation pattern of definite lncRNAs in the methylome which is linked to both the development of HS and its comorbidities. Epigenetically altered lncRNAs genes could represent useful biomarkers, and could help in guiding innovative treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uppala Radhakrishna
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Uppala Ratnamala
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India (R.M.R.)
| | - Devendrasinh D. Jhala
- Department of Zoology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Lavanya V. Uppala
- Peter Kiewit Institute, College of Information Science & Technology, The University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Aaren Vedangi
- Department of Clinical Research, KIMS ICON Hospital, ICON Krishi Institute Medical Sciences, Sheelanagar, Visakhapatnam 530012, India
| | - Nazia Saiyed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA
| | | | - Sushma R. Shah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BJ Medical College Institute of Medical Post-Graduate Studies and Research, Ahmedabad 380016, India
| | - Rakesh M. Rawal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India (R.M.R.)
| | - Gregor B. E. Jemec
- Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, Cappuccini Avenue, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Damiani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Italian Center of Precision Medicine and Chronic Inflammation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Almalki WH, Almujri SS. The dual roles of circRNAs in Wnt/β-Catenin signaling and cancer progression. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155132. [PMID: 38335783 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, a complex pathophysiological condition, arises from the abnormal proliferation and survival of cells due to genetic mutations. Dysregulation of cell cycle control, apoptosis, and genomic stability contribute to uncontrolled growth and metastasis. Tumor heterogeneity, microenvironmental influences, and immune evasion further complicate cancer dynamics. The intricate interplay between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and the Wnt/β-Catenin signalling pathway has emerged as a pivotal axis in the landscape of cancer biology. The Wnt/β-Catenin pathway, a critical regulator of cell fate and proliferation, is frequently dysregulated in various cancers. CircRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs with closed-loop structures, have garnered increasing attention for their diverse regulatory functions. This review systematically explores the intricate crosstalk between circRNAs and the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway, shedding light on their collective impact on cancer initiation and progression. The review explores the diverse mechanisms through which circRNAs modulate the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway, including sponging microRNAs, interacting with RNA-binding proteins, and influencing the expression of key components in the pathway. Furthermore, the review highlights specific circRNAs implicated in various cancer types, elucidating their roles as either oncogenic or tumour-suppressive players in the context of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. The intricate regulatory networks formed by circRNAs in conjunction with the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway are discussed, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted roles of circRNAs in orchestrating tumorigenesis through their regulatory influence on the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salem Salman Almujri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koduru P, Chen W, Fuda F, Kaur G, Awan F, John S, Garcia R, Gagan J. RNASeq Analysis for Accurate Identification of Fusion Partners in Tumor Specific Translocations Detected by Standard FISH Probes in Hematologic Malignancies. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (THOUSAND OAKS, VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.) 2024; 17:2632010X241230262. [PMID: 38371338 PMCID: PMC10874141 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x241230262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Background Fluorescence labeled DNA probes and in situ hybridization methods had shorter turn round time for results revolutionized their clinical application. Signals obtained from these probes are highly specific, yet they can produce fusion signals not necessarily representing fusion of actual genes due to other genes included in the probe design. In this study we evaluated discordance between cytogenetic, FISH and RNAseq results in 3 different patients with hematologic malignancies and illustrated the need to perform next generation sequencing (NGS) or RNASeq to accurately interpret FISH results. Methods Bone marrow or peripheral blood karyotypes and FISH were performed to detect recurring translocations associated with hematologic malignancies in clinical samples routinely referred to our clinical cytogenetics laboratory. When required, NGS was performed on DNA and RNA libraries to detect somatic alterations and gene fusions in some of these specimens. Discordance in results between these methods is further evaluated. Results For a patient with plasma cell leukemia standard FGFR3 / IGH dual fusion FISH assay detected fusion that was interpreted as FGFR3-positive leukemia, whereas NGS/RNASeq detected NSD2::IGH. For a pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient, a genetic diagnosis of PDGFRB-positive ALL was rendered because the PDGFRB break-apart probe detected clonal rearrangement, whereas NGS detected MEF2D::CSF1R. A MYC-positive B-prolymphocytic leukemia was rendered for another patient with a cytogenetically identified t(8;14) and MYC::IGH by FISH, whereas NGS detected a novel PVT1::RCOR1 not previously reported. Conclusions These are 3 cases in a series of several other concordant results, nevertheless, elucidate limitations when interpreting FISH results in clinical applications, particularly when other genes are included in probe design. In addition, when the observed FISH signals are atypical, this study illustrates the necessity to perform complementary laboratory assays, such as NGS and/or RNASeq, to accurately identify fusion genes in tumorigenic translocations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Koduru
- Departments of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Weina Chen
- Departments of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Franklin Fuda
- Departments of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gurbakhash Kaur
- Internal Medicine (Division of Oncology), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Farrukh Awan
- Internal Medicine (Division of Oncology), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Samuel John
- Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia
- Departments of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gagan
- Departments of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hakami MA, Hazazi A, Khan FR, Abdulaziz O, Alshaghdali K, Abalkhail A, Nassar SA, Omar BIA, Almarshadi F, Gupta G, Binshaya AS. PVT1 lncRNA in lung cancer: A key player in tumorigenesis and therapeutic opportunities. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155019. [PMID: 38091883 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The lncRNA PVT1 has emerged as a pivotal component in the intricate landscape of cancer pathogenesis, particularly in lung cancer. PVT1, situated in the 8q24 chromosomal region, has garnered attention for its aberrant expression patterns in lung cancer, correlating with tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Numerous studies have unveiled the diverse mechanisms PVT1 contributes to lung cancer pathogenesis. It modulates critical pathways, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis evasion, angiogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PVT1's interactions with other molecules, including microRNAs and proteins, amplify its oncogenic influence. Recent advancements in genomic and epigenetic analyses have also illuminated the intricate regulatory networks that govern PVT1 expression. Understanding PVT1's complex involvement in lung cancer holds substantial clinical implications. Targeting PVT1 presents a promising avenue for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic interventions. This abstract encapsulates the expanding knowledge regarding the oncogenic role of PVT1 in lung cancer, underscoring the significance of further research to unravel its complete mechanistic landscape and exploit its potential for improved patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra university, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan R Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra university, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdulaziz
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alshaghdali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, P.O Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Abalkhail
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Somia A Nassar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Parasitology & Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Bashir Ibrahim A Omar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra university, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Almarshadi
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Abdulkarim S Binshaya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao X, van den Berg A, Winkle M, Koerts J, Seitz A, de Jong D, Rutgers B, van der Sluis T, Bakker E, Kluiver J. Proliferation-promoting roles of linear and circular PVT1 are independent of their ability to bind miRNAs in B-cell lymphoma. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126744. [PMID: 37689284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (PVT1) is a long non-coding RNA located at 8q24.21 immediately downstream of MYC. Both the linear and circular PVT1 transcripts contribute to cancer pathogenesis by binding microRNAs. However, little is known about their roles in B-cell lymphoma. Here we studied their expression patterns, role in growth, and ability to bind miRNAs in B-cell lymphoma. Linear PVT1 transcripts were downregulated in B-cell cell lymphoma lines compared to germinal center B cells, while circPVT1 levels were increased. Two Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines had a homozygous deletion including the 5' region of the PVT1 locus, resulting in a complete lack of circPVT1 and 5' linear PVT1 transcripts. Inhibition of both linear and circular PVT1 decreased growth of Burkitt lymphoma, while the effects on Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma were less pronounced. Overexpression of circPVT1 promoted growth of B-cell lymphoma lacking or having low endogenous circPVT1 levels. Contrary to other types of cancer, linear and circular PVT1 transcripts did not interact with miRNAs in B-cell lymphoma. Overall, we showed an opposite expression pattern of linear and circular PVT1 in B-cell lymphoma. Their effect on growth was independent of their ability to bind miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Melanie Winkle
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jasper Koerts
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annika Seitz
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Debora de Jong
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bea Rutgers
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tineke van der Sluis
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emke Bakker
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Kluiver
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barford RG, Whittle E, Weir L, Fong FC, Goodman A, Hartley HE, Allinson LM, Tweddle DA. Use of Optical Genome Mapping to Detect Structural Variants in Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5233. [PMID: 37958407 PMCID: PMC10647738 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children, accounting for 15% of paediatric cancer deaths. Multiple genetic abnormalities have been identified as prognostically significant in neuroblastoma patients. Optical genome mapping (OGM) is a novel cytogenetic technique used to detect structural variants, which has not previously been tested in neuroblastoma. We used OGM to identify copy number and structural variants (SVs) in neuroblastoma which may have been missed by standard cytogenetic techniques. METHODS Five neuroblastoma cell lines (SH-SY5Y, NBLW, GI-ME-N, NB1691 and SK-N-BE2(C)) and two neuroblastoma tumours were analysed using OGM with the Bionano Saphyr® instrument. The results were analysed using Bionano Access software and compared to previous genetic analyses including G-band karyotyping, FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridisation), single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and RNA fusion panels for cell lines, and SNP arrays and whole genome sequencing (WGS) for tumours. RESULTS OGM detected copy number abnormalities found using previous methods and provided estimates for absolute copy numbers of amplified genes. OGM identified novel SVs, including fusion genes in two cell lines of potential clinical significance. CONCLUSIONS OGM can reliably detect clinically significant structural and copy number variations in a single test. OGM may prove to be more time- and cost-effective than current standard cytogenetic techniques for neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby G. Barford
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.G.B.); (F.C.F.); (H.E.H.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Emily Whittle
- Newcastle Genetics Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; (E.W.); (L.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Laura Weir
- Newcastle Genetics Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; (E.W.); (L.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Fang Chyi Fong
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.G.B.); (F.C.F.); (H.E.H.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Angharad Goodman
- Newcastle Genetics Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; (E.W.); (L.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Hannah E. Hartley
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.G.B.); (F.C.F.); (H.E.H.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Lisa M. Allinson
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.G.B.); (F.C.F.); (H.E.H.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Deborah A. Tweddle
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (R.G.B.); (F.C.F.); (H.E.H.); (L.M.A.)
- Great North Children’s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Modi A, Lopez G, Conkrite KL, Su C, Leung TC, Ramanan S, Manduchi E, Johnson ME, Cheung D, Gadd S, Zhang J, Smith MA, Guidry Auvil JM, Meshinchi S, Perlman EJ, Hunger SP, Maris JM, Wells AD, Grant SF, Diskin SJ. Integrative Genomic Analyses Identify LncRNA Regulatory Networks across Pediatric Leukemias and Solid Tumors. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3462-3477. [PMID: 37584517 PMCID: PMC10787516 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play an important role in gene regulation and contribute to tumorigenesis. While pan-cancer studies of lncRNA expression have been performed for adult malignancies, the lncRNA landscape across pediatric cancers remains largely uncharted. Here, we curated RNA sequencing data for 1,044 pediatric leukemia and extracranial solid tumors and integrated paired tumor whole genome sequencing and epigenetic data in relevant cell line models to explore lncRNA expression, regulation, and association with cancer. A total of 2,657 lncRNAs were robustly expressed across six pediatric cancers, including 1,142 exhibiting histotype-elevated expression. DNA copy number alterations contributed to lncRNA dysregulation at a proportion comparable to protein coding genes. Application of a multidimensional framework to identify and prioritize lncRNAs impacting gene networks revealed that lncRNAs dysregulated in pediatric cancer are associated with proliferation, metabolism, and DNA damage hallmarks. Analysis of upstream regulation via cell type-specific transcription factors further implicated distinct histotype-elevated and developmental lncRNAs. Integration of these analyses prioritized lncRNAs for experimental validation, and silencing of TBX2-AS1, the top-prioritized neuroblastoma-specific lncRNA, resulted in significant growth inhibition of neuroblastoma cells, confirming the computational predictions. Taken together, these data provide a comprehensive characterization of lncRNA regulation and function in pediatric cancers and pave the way for future mechanistic studies. SIGNIFICANCE Comprehensive characterization of lncRNAs in pediatric cancer leads to the identification of highly expressed lncRNAs across childhood cancers, annotation of lncRNAs showing histotype-specific elevated expression, and prediction of lncRNA gene regulatory networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apexa Modi
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Biomedical Graduate Studies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Gonzalo Lopez
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Karina L. Conkrite
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Chun Su
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tsz Ching Leung
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Sathvik Ramanan
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Elisabetta Manduchi
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew E. Johnson
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daphne Cheung
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Samantha Gadd
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Malcolm A. Smith
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Perlman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Stephen P. Hunger
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - John M. Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Andrew D Wells
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Struan F.A. Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology & Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Sharon J. Diskin
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Baljon KJ, Ramaiah P, Saleh EAM, Al-Dolaimy F, Al-Dami FH, Gandla K, Alkhafaji AT, Abbas AHR, Alsaalamy AH, Bisht YS. LncRNA PVT1: as a therapeutic target for breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154675. [PMID: 37531833 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of women are identified with breast cancer (BC) every year, making it among the most prevalent malignancies and one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Despite significant progress in understanding BC pathogenesis and treatment options, there is still a need to identify new therapeutic targets and develop more effective treatments. LncRNAs have been discovered as biomarkers and a promising target for various cancers, including BC. PVT1 is a particular one of these lncRNAs, and research has indicated that it has a significant impact on the appearance and progression of BC.PVT1 is an attractive therapeutic target for BC due to its role in promoting cancer cell growth, metastasis and invasion. In addition to its potential as a treatment strategy, PVT1 may also have diagnostic value in BC. In this article, we will discuss targeting PVT1 as a treatment strategy for BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ebraheem Abdu Musad Saleh
- Department of Chemistry,College of Arts and Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawasir 11991, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Farqad Hassan Al-Dami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Altoosi University College, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya Deemed to be University, Hanamkonda, India.
| | | | - Ahmed Hussien R Abbas
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Hashiem Alsaalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Yashwant Singh Bisht
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Duns G, Winkle M, Chong L, Ennishi D, Morin RD, Diepstra A, Scott DW, Kluiver JL, Steidl C, van den Berg A. Long non-coding RNAs associated with transcriptomic signatures and treatment outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2023. [PMID: 37190862 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerben Duns
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Melanie Winkle
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren Chong
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daisuke Ennishi
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan D Morin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Arjan Diepstra
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David W Scott
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joost L Kluiver
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Steidl
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Seal RL, Tweedie S, Bruford EA. A standardised nomenclature for long non-coding RNAs. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:380-389. [PMID: 35880706 PMCID: PMC9877250 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) is the sole group with the authority to approve symbols for human genes, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes. Use of approved symbols ensures that publications and biomedical databases are easily searchable and reduces the risks of confusion that can be caused by using the same symbol to refer to different genes or using many different symbols for the same gene. Here, we describe how the HGNC names lncRNA genes and review the nomenclature of the seven lncRNA genes most mentioned in the scientific literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth L. Seal
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusHinxtonUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of Cambridge School of Clinical MedicineCambridgeUK
| | - Susan Tweedie
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusHinxtonUK
| | - Elspeth A. Bruford
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusHinxtonUK
- Department of HaematologyUniversity of Cambridge School of Clinical MedicineCambridgeUK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li R, Huang D, Ju M, Chen HY, Luan C, Zhang JA, Chen K. The long non-coding RNA PVT1 promotes tumorigenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma via interaction with 4EBP1. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:101. [PMID: 36944636 PMCID: PMC10030977 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) plays an oncogenic role in multiple cancers due to its high expression. However, the expression and associated regulatory mechanisms of PVT1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remain unclear. Our results revealed that PVT1 was highly upregulated in cSCC tissues and cSCC cell lines. To determine the functional role of PVT1 in cSCC, we constructed a stable knockdown cell model of PVT1 in the A431 and COLO16 cell lines using a lentiviral approach. Xenograft tumor experiments of nude mice in vivo, and colony formation, CCK-8, and EdU assays in vitro demonstrated that knockdown of PVT1 could widely suppress cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In addition, PVT1 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis, as detected by flow cytometry analysis. Wound healing and transwell assays revealed that PVT1 knockdown significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of CSCC cell lines. To gain insight into the tumorigenic mechanism and explore the potential target molecules of PVT1, we employed label-free quantitative proteomic analysis. The GO, KEGG enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks suggested that 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) is the possible downstream target effector of PVT1, which was validated by western blot analysis. PVT1 silencing markedly decreased 4EBP1 protein expression levels and directly bound 4EBP1 in the cytoplasm of cSCC cells. 4EBP1 overexpression counteracted the effects of PVT1 knockdown on tumorigenesis in cSCC cells, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Our findings provide strong evidence that PVT1 is an oncogene which plays a role in tumorigenesis of cSCC, that PVT1 may interact with 4EBP1 in the cytoplasm as an underlying mechanism in cSCC carcinogenesis, and that PVT1 combined with 4EBP1 may serve as a potential new therapeutic target for cSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Ju
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Ying Chen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Luan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jia-An Zhang
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042, Nanjing, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
PVT1 inhibition stimulates anti-tumor immunity, prevents metastasis, and depletes cancer stem cells in squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:187. [PMID: 36894542 PMCID: PMC9998619 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) cause tumor metastasis and immune evasion by as-yet-unknown molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we identify a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), termed PVT1, which is highly expressed in CSCs and correlated closely with lymph node metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PVT1 inhibition eliminates CSCs, prevents metastasis, and stimulates anti-tumor immunity, while inhibiting HNSCC growth. Moreover, PVT1 inhibition promotes the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing immunotherapy by PD1 blockade. Mechanistically, PVT1 inhibition stimulates the DNA damage response, which induces CD8+ T cell-recruiting chemokines, while preventing CSCs and metastasis via regulating the miR-375/YAP1 axis. In conclusion, targeting PVT1 might potentiate the elimination of CSCs via immune checkpoint blockade, prevent metastasis, and inhibit HNSCC growth.
Collapse
|
16
|
Al-Shehri A, Bakhashab S. Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNAs in Prostate Cancer, Osteosarcoma, and Metastasis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020633. [PMID: 36831169 PMCID: PMC9953056 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a common malignancy and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone cancer, representing 20-40% of all bone malignancy cases. Cancer metastasis is a process by which malignant tumor cells detach from the primary tumor site via a cascade of processes and migrate to secondary sites through the blood circulation or lymphatic system to colonize and form secondary tumors. PC has a specific affinity to the bone based on the "seed and soil" theory; once PC reach the bone, it becomes incurable. Several studies have identified long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential targets for cancer therapy or as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The dysregulation of various lncRNAs has been found in various cancer types, including PC, OS, and metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying lncRNA oncogenic activity in tumor progression and metastasis are extremely complex and remain incompletely understood. Therefore, understanding oncogenic lncRNAs and their role in OS, PC, and metastasis and the underlying mechanism may help better manage and treat this malignancy. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge of oncogenic lncRNAs and their involvement in PC, OS, and bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Al-Shehri
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherin Bakhashab
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-12-6400000
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Qin J, Ke B, Liu T, Kong C, Li A, Fu H, Jin C. Aberrantly expressed long noncoding RNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:2199-2218. [PMID: 36057947 PMCID: PMC9939128 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have manifested long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as biomarkers to determine the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Nevertheless, the prognostic role of lncRNAs in MM is still ambiguous. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive value of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in MM. METHODS A systemic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases until October 9, 2021, and the protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021284364). Our study extracted the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), or event-free survival (EFS). Begg's and Egger's tests were employed to correct publication bias. RESULT Twenty-six individual studies containing 3501 MM patients were enrolled in this study. The results showed that aberrant expression of lncRNAs was associated with poor OS and PFS of MM patients. The pooled HRs for univariate OS and PFS were 1.48 (95% CI = 1.17-1.88, p < 0.001) and 1.30 (95% CI = 1.18-1.43, p < 0.001), respectively, whereas the pooled HRs for multivariate OS and PFS were 1.50 (95% CI = 1.16-1.95, p < 0.001) and 1.59 (95% CI = 1.22-2.07, p < 0.001), respectively. Subgroup analysis suggested that MALAT1, TCF7, NEAT1, and PVT1 upregulation were associated with poor OS (p < 0.05), PVT1, and TCF7 upregulation were implicated with worse PFS (p < 0.05), while only TCF7 overexpression was correlated with reduced EFS (p < 0.05). Moreover, the contour-enhanced funnel plot demonstrated the reliability of our current conclusion, which was not affected by publication bias. CONCLUSION Aberrantly expressed particular lncRNAs are critical prognostic indicators in long-term survival as well as promising biomarkers in progression-free status. However, different cutoff values and dissimilar methods to assess lncRNA expression among studies may lead to heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiading Qin
- Medical College of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Bo Ke
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochowJiangsu215006China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Chunfang Kong
- Medical College of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Anna Li
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Huan Fu
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Chenghao Jin
- Medical College of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochowJiangsu215006China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sarfaraz N, Somarowthu S, Bouchard MJ. The interplay of long noncoding RNAs and hepatitis B virus. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28058. [PMID: 35946066 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections remain a major global health burden with an estimated 296 million people living with a chronic infection and 884,000 HBV-related deaths annually. Notably, patients with a chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection are at a 30-fold greater risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, which is the 3rd deadliest cancer worldwide. Several groups have assessed HBV-related aberrant expression of host-cell long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and how altered expression of specific lncRNAs affects HBV replication and progression to associated disease states. Given the challenges in establishing effective HBV models and analyzing transcriptomic data, this review focuses on lncRNA expression data primarily collected from clinical patient samples and primary human hepatocytes, with the subsequent mechanism of action analysis in cell lines or other model systems. Ultimately, understanding HBV-induced lncRNA-expression dysregulation could lead to new treatments and biomarkers for HBV infection and its associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nima Sarfaraz
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Srinivas Somarowthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael J Bouchard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Han Y, Zhang Y, Lv T, Peng X, Huang J. LncRNAs has been identified as regulators of Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1067520. [PMID: 36817434 PMCID: PMC9932034 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1067520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung tumours are widespread pathological conditions that attract much attention due to their high incidence of death. The immune system contributes to the progression of these diseases, especially non-small cell lung cancer, resulting in the fast evolution of immune-targeted therapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been suggested to promote the progression of cancer in the lungs by suppressing the immune response through various mechanisms. Herein, we summarized the clinical studies on lung cancer related to MDSCs. However, it is noteworthy to mention the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that had different phenotypes and could regulate MDSCs in lung cancer. Therefore, by reviewing the different phenotypes of lncRNAs and their regulation on MDSCs, we summarized the lncRNAs' impact on the progression of lung tumours. Data highlight LncRNAs as anti-cancer agents. Hence, we aim to discuss their possibilities to inhibit tumour growth and trigger the development of immunosuppressive factors such as MDSCs in lung cancer through the regulation of lncRNAs. The ultimate purpose is to propose novel and efficient therapy methods for curing patients with lung tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yukun Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medicine, and Positron Emission Computed Tomography (PET) Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Tongtong Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jinbai Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medicine, and Positron Emission Computed Tomography (PET) Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network in bladder cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:135-145. [PMID: 36605618 PMCID: PMC9792360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common disease associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Although immunotherapy approaches such as adoptive T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint blockade have been investigated for the treatment of bladder cancer, their off-target effects and ability to affect only single targets have led to clinical outcomes that are far from satisfactory. Therefore, it is important to identify novel targets that can effectively control tumor growth and metastasis. It is well known that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are powerful regulators of gene expression. Increasing evidence has shown that dysregulated lncRNAs in bladder cancer are involved in cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this review, we focus on the roles and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in the regulation of bladder cancer progression. In addition, we discuss the potential of targeting lncRNA-mediated ceRNA networks to overcome cancer treatment resistance and its association with clinicopathological features and outcomes in bladder cancer patients. We hope this review will stimulate research to develop more effective therapeutic approaches for bladder cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
21
|
Gasic V, Karan-Djurasevic T, Pavlovic D, Zukic B, Pavlovic S, Tosic N. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Leukemia. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1770. [PMID: 36362925 PMCID: PMC9695865 DOI: 10.3390/life12111770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a heterogenous group of hematological malignancies categorized in four main types (acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Several cytogenetic and molecular markers have become a part of routine analysis for leukemia patients. These markers have been used in diagnosis, risk-stratification and targeted therapy application. Recent studies have indicated that numerous regulatory RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have a role in tumor initiation and progression. When it comes to leukemia, data for lncRNA involvement in its etiology, progression, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis is limited. The aim of this review is to summarize research data on lncRNAs in different types of leukemia, on their expression pattern, their role in leukemic transformation and disease progression. The usefulness of this information in the clinical setting, i.e., for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, will be emphasized. Finally, how particular lncRNAs could be used as potential targets for the application of targeted therapy will be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gasic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mok H, Al-Jumaily A, Lu J. Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (PVT1) Gene as a Potential Novel Target for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2711. [PMID: 36359234 PMCID: PMC9687488 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe microvascular complication in patients with diabetes, is clinically characterized by progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). DN is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and has a consistently high mortality rate. Despite the fact that the prevalence of DN is increasing worldwide, the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of DN is not fully understood. Previous studies indicated PVT1 as a key determinant of ESRD as well as a mediator of extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in vitro. More investigations into the role of PVT1 in DN development are needed. Objectives: To study the effect of PVT1 silencing on progression of DN in diabetic male C57BL/6 mice at early, intermediate and relatively advanced ages. Methods: Diabetic mice were treated with either scramble-siRNA (DM + siRNA (scramble)) or PVT1-siRNA (DM + siRNA (PVT1)), whereas the control mice were normal mice without siRNA injection (Control). Blood, urine and kidney were collected at the age of 9 (young), 16 (middle-aged) or 24 (old) weeks old. Kidney function, histology and molecular gene expression were evaluated. Results: Our findings showed that silencing of PVT1 reduced kidney hypertrophy, proteinuria (UAE, UACR, UPE, UPCR), serum creatinine, serum TGF-β1, serum insulin decline, glomerular and mesangial areas, and increased creatinine clearance in diabetic mice to levels closer to the age-matched controls. Also, silencing of PVT1 markedly suppressed the upregulation of PAI-1, TGF-β1, FN1, COL4A1, and downregulation of BMP7. Conclusion: Silencing of PVT1 ameliorates DN in terms of kidney function and histology in diabetic mice. The renoprotection is attributed to the reduction in ECM accumulation, TGF-β1 elevation and insulin decline. PVT1 is suggested to play an important role in ECM accumulation which makes it a possible target for the treatment of DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Mok
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ahmed Al-Jumaily
- School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Discovery, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu D, Liu Y, Hu Y, Ming Y, Meng X, Tan H, Zheng L. MiR-134-5p/Stat3 Axis Modulates Proliferation and Migration of MSCs Co-Cultured with Glioma C6 Cells by Regulating Pvt1 Expression. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101648. [PMID: 36295083 PMCID: PMC9604557 DOI: 10.3390/life12101648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are critical in regenerating tissues because they can differentiate into various tissue cells. MSCs interact closely with cells in the tissue microenvironment during the repair of damaged tissue. Although regarded as non-healing wounds, tumors can be treated by MSCs, which showed satisfactory treatment outcomes in previous reports. However, it is largely unknown whether the biological behaviors of MSCs would be affected by the tumor microenvironment. Exploring the truth of tumor microenvironmental cues driving MSCs tumor “wound” regeneration would provide a deeper understanding of the biological behavior of MSCs. Therefore, we mimicked the tumor microenvironment using co-cultured glioma C6 cells and rat MSCs, aiming to assess the proliferation and migration of MSCs and the associated effects of Stat3 in this process. The results showed that co-cultured MSCs significantly exhibited enhanced tumorigenic, migratory, and proliferative abilities. Both up-regulation of Stat3 and down-regulation of miR-134-5p were detected in co-cultured MSCs. Furthermore, miR-134-5p directly regulated Stat3 by binding to the sequence complementary to microRNA response elements in the 3′-UTR of its mRNA. Functional studies showed that both the migration and proliferation abilities of co-cultured MSCs were inhibited by miR-134-5p, whereas Stat3 gain-of-function treatment reversed these effects. In addition, Pvt1 was confirmed to be regulated by miR-134-5p through Stat3 and the suppression of Pvt1 reduced the migration and proliferation abilities of co-cultured MSCs. To sum up, these results demonstrate a suppressive role of miR-134-5p in tumor-environment-driven malignant transformation of rat MSCs through directly targeting Stat3, highlighting a crucial role of loss-of-function of miR-134-5p/Stat3 axis in the malignant transformation, providing a reference to the potential clinic use of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongrong Liu
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yun Hu
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Ye Ming
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Xuehuan Meng
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Hao Tan
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang Y, Chen X, Jiang F, Shen Y, Fang F, Li Q, Yang C, Dong Y, Shen X. A prognostic signature of pyroptosis-related lncRNAs verified in gastric cancer samples to predict the immunotherapy and chemotherapy drug sensitivity. Front Genet 2022; 13:939439. [PMID: 36147488 PMCID: PMC9485603 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.939439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pyroptosis is a recently identified mode of programmed inflammatory cell death that has remarkable implications for cancer development. lncRNAs can be involved in cellular regulation through various pathways and play a critical role in gastric cancer (GC). However, pyroptosis -related lncRNAs (PRlncRNAs) have been rarely studied in GC. Methods: Pyroptosis-related gene were abstracted from the literature and GSEA Molecular Signatures data resource. PRlncRNAs were obtained using co-expression analysis. LASSO Cox regression assessment was employed to build a risk model. Kaplan-Meier (KM), univariate along with multivariate Cox regression analysis were adopted to verify the predictive efficiency of the risk model in terms of prognosis. qRT-PCR was adopted to validate the expression of PRlncRNAs in GC tissues. In addition, immune cell infiltration assessment and ESTIMATE score evaluation were adopted for assessing the relationship of the risk model with the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). Finally, immune checkpoint gene association analysis and chemotherapy drug sensitivity analysis were implemented to assess the worthiness of our risk model in immunotherapy and chemotherapy of GC. Results: We identified 3 key PRlncRNAs (PVT1, CYMP-AS1 and AC017076.1) and testified the difference of their expression levels in GC tumor tissues and neighboring non-malignant tissues (p < 0.05). PRlncRNAs risk model was able to successfully estimate the prognosis of GC patients, and lower rate of survival was seen in the high-GC risk group relative to the low-GC risk group (p < 0.001). Other digestive system tumors such as pancreatic cancer further validated our risk model. There was a dramatic difference in TMB level between high-GC and low-GC risk groups (p < 0.001). Immune cell infiltration analysis and ESTIMATE score evaluation demonstrated that the risk model can be adopted as an indicator of TME status. Besides, the expressions of immunodetection site genes in different risk groups were remarkably different (CTLA-4 (r = −0.14, p = 0.010), VISTA (r = 0.15, p = 0.005), and B7-H3 (r = 0.14, p = 0.009)). PRlncRNAs risk model was able to effectively establish a connection with the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents. Conclusion: The 3 PRlncRNAs identified in this study could be utilized to predict disease outcome in GC patients. It may also be a potential therapeutic target in GC therapy, including immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zamani M, Foroughmand AM, Hajjari MR, Bakhshinejad B, Johnson R, Galehdari H. CASC11 and PVT1 spliced transcripts play an oncogenic role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:954634. [PMID: 36052265 PMCID: PMC9424822 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.954634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is fundamentally a genetic disorder that alters cellular information flow toward aberrant growth. The coding part accounts for less than 2% of the human genome, and it has become apparent that aberrations within the noncoding genome drive important cancer phenotypes. The numerous carcinogenesis-related genomic variations in the 8q24 region include single nucleotide variations (SNVs), copy number variations (CNVs), and viral integrations occur in the neighboring areas of the MYC locus. It seems that MYC is not the only target of these alterations. The MYC-proximal mutations may act via regulatory noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). In this study, gene expression analyses indicated that the expression of some PVT1 spliced linear transcripts, CircPVT1, CASC11, and MYC is increased in colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, the expression of these genes is associated with some clinicopathological characteristics of CRC. Also, in vitro studies in CRC cell lines demonstrated that CASC11 is mostly detected in the nucleus, and different transcripts of PVT1 have different preferences for nuclear and cytoplasmic parts. Furthermore, perturbation of PVT1 expression and concomitant perturbation in PVT1 and CASC11 expression caused MYC overexpression. It seems that transcription of MYC is under regulatory control at the transcriptional level, i.e., initiation and elongation of transcription by its neighboring genes. Altogether, the current data provide evidence for the notion that these noncoding transcripts can significantly participate in the MYC regulation network and in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Reza Hajjari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Babak Bakhshinejad
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rory Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hamid Galehdari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Hamid Galehdari,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yao W, Li S, Liu R, Jiang M, Gao L, Lu Y, Liang X, Zhang H. Long non-coding RNA PVT1: A promising chemotherapy and radiotherapy sensitizer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:959208. [PMID: 35965522 PMCID: PMC9373174 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.959208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PVT1 was first found to activate variant translocations in the plasmacytoma of mice. Human lncPVT1 is located on chromosome 8q24.21, at the same locus as the well-known MYC oncogene. LncPVT1 has been found to promote the progression of various malignancies. Chemoresistance and radioresistance seriously affect tumor treatment efficacy and are associated with the dysregulation of physiological processes in cancer cells, including apoptosis, autophagy, stemness (for cancer stem cells, CSC), hypoxia, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and DNA damage repair. Previous studies have also implicated lncPVT1 in the regulation of these physiological mechanisms. In recent years, lncPVT1 was found to modulate chemoresistance and radioresistance in some cancers. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of lncPVT1-mediated regulation of cellular chemoresistance and radioresistance. Due to its high expression in malignant tumors and sensitization effect in chemotherapy and radiotherapy, lncPVT1 is expected to become an effective antitumor target and chemotherapy and radiotherapy sensitizer, which requires further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Yao
- Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Graduate Department, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyun Jiang
- Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- Graduate Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibo Zhang, zhbdoctor @163.com; Xiaodong Liang,
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibo Zhang, zhbdoctor @163.com; Xiaodong Liang,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Stackhouse CT, Anderson JC, Yue Z, Nguyen T, Eustace NJ, Langford CP, Wang J, Rowland JR, Xing C, Mikhail FM, Cui X, Alrefai H, Bash RE, Lee KJ, Yang ES, Hjelmeland AB, Miller CR, Chen JY, Gillespie GY, Willey CD. An in vivo model of glioblastoma radiation resistance identifies long non-coding RNAs and targetable kinases. JCI Insight 2022; 7:148717. [PMID: 35852875 PMCID: PMC9462495 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Key molecular regulators of acquired radiation resistance in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) are largely unknown, with a dearth of accurate preclinical models. To address this, we generated 8 GBM patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of acquired radiation therapy–selected (RTS) resistance compared with same-patient, treatment-naive (radiation-sensitive, unselected; RTU) PDXs. These likely unique models mimic the longitudinal evolution of patient recurrent tumors following serial radiation therapy. Indeed, while whole-exome sequencing showed retention of major genomic alterations in the RTS lines, we did detect a chromosome 12q14 amplification that was associated with clinical GBM recurrence in 2 RTS models. A potentially novel bioinformatics pipeline was applied to analyze phenotypic, transcriptomic, and kinomic alterations, which identified long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and targetable, PDX-specific kinases. We observed differential transcriptional enrichment of DNA damage repair pathways in our RTS models, which correlated with several lncRNAs. Global kinomic profiling separated RTU and RTS models, but pairwise analyses indicated that there are multiple molecular routes to acquired radiation resistance. RTS model–specific kinases were identified and targeted with clinically relevant small molecule inhibitors. This cohort of in vivo RTS patient-derived models will enable future preclinical therapeutic testing to help overcome the treatment resistance seen in patients with GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zongliang Yue
- Informatics Institute, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Informatics Institute, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | - Jelai Wang
- Informatics Institute, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - James R. Rowland
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Fady M. Mikhail
- Department of Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiangqin Cui
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Ryan E. Bash
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, and
| | | | | | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - C. Ryan Miller
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, and
| | - Jake Y. Chen
- Informatics Institute, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
LncRNA PVT1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration and Inhibits Cell Apoptosis by Phosphorylating YAP. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:5332129. [PMID: 35664988 PMCID: PMC9162823 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5332129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) as a serious global health problem is a threat to human longevity. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) participates in the formation and progression of various cancers, including GC. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism underlying the functions of PVT1 and explore a novel target for the diagnosis and treatment of GC. Analysis of the TCGA dataset using the R software identified that the lncRNA PVT1 was greatly upregulated in GC tissues. Twenty pairs of GC and adjacent normal tissues were acquired from patients with GC, and the expression of PVT1 was evaluated using RT-qPCR. Furthermore, PVT1 expression was knocked down in GC cells using siRNA, and the GC cells were divided into control, negative control (NC), and siRNA groups. Cell proliferation ability was analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and colony formation assays, whereas cell migration and invasion ability were investigated through wound healing and Transwell assays. Moreover, Western blotting was used to analyze the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins. We also found that PVT1 and YAP expressions were upregulated in the GC tissues compared with those in the adjacent nontumor tissues. Knockdown of PVT1 was found to inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration and promote apoptosis of GC cells. Furthermore, knockdown of PVT1 downregulated YAP and promoted phosphorylation of YAP, suggesting that PVT1 exerts actions on GC cells by targeting YAP and inhibits cell apoptosis in vitro. The EMT process was also inhibited by the knockdown of PVT1. In summary, lncRNA PVT1 facilitated cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and suppressed cell apoptosis by targeting YAP. This study suggests that the expressions of PVT1 and YAP could be used for the early detection of GC and the occurrence and development of GC could be inhibited by interfering the interaction of PVT1 and YAP, which will provide new insights for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of GC.
Collapse
|
29
|
Ibrahiem AT, Makhdoom AK, Alanazi KS, Alanazi AM, Mukhlef AM, Elshafey SH, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS. Analysis of anti-apoptotic PVT1 oncogene and apoptosis-related proteins (p53, Bcl2, PD-1, and PD-L1) expression in thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24390. [PMID: 35388548 PMCID: PMC9102754 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An aberrant expression of long non-coding RNA PVT1 has been associated with apoptosis in various cancer types. We aimed to explore the PVT1 and four apoptosis-related proteins (p53, Bcl2, and PD-1/PD-L1) signature in thyroid cancer (TC). METHODS The PVT1 expression level was measured in 64 FFPE TC paired samples by real-time quantitative PCR. Overall and stratified analyses by different clinicopathological features were done. The apoptotic proteins were evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS Overall analysis showed significant PVT1upregulation in TC tissues (p < 0.001). Similarly, subgroup analysis by BRAFV600E mutation showed consistent results. Lower expression of p53 was associated with mortality (p = 0.001). Bcl2 overexpression was associated with greater tumor size (p = 0.005). At the same time, HCV-positive cases were associated with repressed Bcl2 expression levels (54.3% in HCV-negative vs. 6.9% in HCV-positive cases, p = 0.011). PD-1 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.004). Enhanced PD-L1 expression in the tumor was associated with a higher tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion, and mortality risk. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival showed that low p53 and high PD-L1 expressions were associated with lower survival time. The p53-positive staining is associated with a 90% decreased mortality risk (HR = 0.10, 95%CI = 0.02-0.47, p = 0.001), while patients with high PD-L1 were five times more likely to die (HR = 4.74, 95%CI = 1.2-18.7, p = 0.027). CONCLUSION Our results confirm the upregulation of PVT1 in TC. The apoptosis-related proteins (p53, Bcl2, and PD-1/PD-L1) showed different prognostic utility in TC patients; in particular, low p53 and high PD-L1 expressions associated with low survival times. Further large-scale and mechanistic studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afaf T. Ibrahiem
- Department of PathologyFaculty of MedicineNorthern Border UniversityArarSaudi Arabia
- Department of PathologyFaculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
| | | | | | | | | | - Saad H. Elshafey
- Department of AnatomyFaculty of MedicineNorthern Border UniversityArarSaudi Arabia
| | - Eman A. Toraih
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Genetics UnitHistology and Cell Biology DepartmentFaculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineNorthern Border UniversityArarSaudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFaculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cao L, Ren C, Zhang G, Li X, Chen B, Li K, Li C, Mok H, Wang Y, Wen L, Jia M, Wei G, Lin J, Liao N. Characteristics of MYC Amplification and Their Association with Clinicopathological and Molecular Factors in Patients with Breast Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:521-538. [PMID: 35475703 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MYC amplification is detected in ∼15% of breast tumors and is associated with poor prognosis by mediating acquired resistance to anticancer therapies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MYC amplifications in Chinese women with breast cancer (BRCA) and investigate the correlation between MYC amplification and clinicopathological and molecular characteristics and its clinical implications. We analyzed MYC alterations in tissue specimens from 410 women diagnosed with BRCA in our hospital from June 1, 2017 to September 27, 2018. We compared our results with publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) BRCA cohort (n = 1079). MYC amplification was identified in 12.4% (51/410) of our cohort, with mean copy number (CN) of 4.42 (range: 2.84-11.27). In TCGA cohort, MYC amplification was identified in 21.2% (229/1079) and was associated with age, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, and molecular subtype, whereas in our cohort, MYC amplification was associated with smaller tumor size (T1-2, p = 0.023) and higher Ki-67 levels (≥20%; p = 0.031). Analysis of molecular profiles revealed that MYC-amplified breast tumors had significantly more concurrent CN variations compared with MYC nonamplified BRCA in both Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (GDPH) and TCGA cohorts (p < 0.001). Pathway mapping analysis demonstrated that MYC-amplified tumors had more mutations involved in 15 different but interrelated pathways critical in DNA repair, cell cycle, and cell proliferation. Patients in TCGA cohort with MYC-amplified hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-positive BRCA (p = 0.038) and MYC nonamplified triple-negative BRCA (p = 0.027) had significantly shorter overall survival. In conclusion, this study contributes to a better understanding that MYC-amplified breast tumors had distinct clinicopathological and molecular features compared with MYC nonamplified breast tumors. Further research with a larger sample size is necessary to further elucidate the clinical and survival implications of MYC amplifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongyang Ren
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guochun Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuerui Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheukfai Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hsiaopei Mok
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhu Wen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghan Jia
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangnan Wei
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Lin
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Liao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Qiu M, Chen M, Lan Z, Liu B, Xie J, Li X. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 stabilized by EIF4A3 promoted malignant biological behaviors of lung adenocarcinoma by generating circular RNA LMNB2. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10123-10140. [PMID: 35435126 PMCID: PMC9161831 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2063666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minglian Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meizhen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhongping Lan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinbao Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sun Y, Han J, Ma H, Ma J, Ren Z. Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in allergic rhinitis children: Correlation with disease risk, symptoms, and Th1/Th2 imbalance. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24281. [PMID: 35274773 PMCID: PMC8993613 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (lnc-PVT1) exacerbates inflammation and induces T helper (Th) 1/Th2 imbalance in allergic diseases, but its clinical role in allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. Hence, we conducted this study to compare lnc-PVT1 expression among AR children, disease controls (DCs), and health controls (HCs), aiming to investigate its clinical application in AR children. METHODS Sixty AR children, 30 DCs, and 30 HCs were enrolled in the study, and then, their lnc-PVT1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell was detected. Serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 10 (IL-10), Th1, and Th2 cells in AR children were also analyzed. Besides, lnc-PVT1 was also detected at Week (W)4 after treatment in AR patients. RESULTS Lnc-PVT1 was upregulated in AR children compared with DCs and HCs (both p < 0.001). Lnc-PVT1 was positively related to nasal rhinorrhea score, itching score, congestion score, and total nasal symptom score (TNSS) in AR children (all p < 0.050), instead of sneezing score (p = 0.115). Lnc-PVT1 negatively associated with Th1 cells in AR children (p = 0.028) also exhibited a negative correlation trend with IFN-γ (but without statistical significance) (p = 0.065). Differently, lnc-PVT1 was positively related to Th2 cells (p = 0.012) and IL-10 (p = 0.021) in AR children. Besides, lnc-PVT1 and TNSS were reduced at W4 after treatment in AR children (both p < 0.001); notably, lnc-PVT1 expression decline was correlated with TNSS decline during treatment (p = 0.013). CONCLUSION Lnc-PVT1 works as a biomarker, whose aberrant expression is related to disease severity, Th1/Th2 imbalance, and its decrement can reflect treatment outcome in AR children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Sun
- Department of PediatricsThe Second People’s Hospital of LiaochengThe Second Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLinqingChina
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Cardiac UltrasoundThe Second People’s Hospital of LiaochengThe Second Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLinqingChina
| | - Haifeng Ma
- Department of PediatricsThe Second People’s Hospital of LiaochengThe Second Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLinqingChina
| | - Jingbin Ma
- Department of PediatricsThe Second People’s Hospital of LiaochengThe Second Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLinqingChina
| | - Zengzhi Ren
- Department of PediatricsThe Second People’s Hospital of LiaochengThe Second Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityLinqingChina
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pleić N, Babić Leko M, Gunjača I, Boutin T, Torlak V, Matana A, Punda A, Polašek O, Hayward C, Zemunik T. Genome-Wide Association Analysis and Genomic Prediction of Thyroglobulin Plasma Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042173. [PMID: 35216288 PMCID: PMC8876738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is an iodoglycoprotein produced by thyroid follicular cells which acts as an essential substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis. To date, only one genome-wide association study (GWAS) of plasma Tg levels has been performed by our research group. Utilizing recent advancements in computation and modeling, we apply a Bayesian approach to the probabilistic inference of the genetic architecture of Tg. We fitted a Bayesian sparse linear mixed model (BSLMM) and a frequentist linear mixed model (LMM) of 7,289,083 variants in 1096 healthy European-ancestry participants of the Croatian Biobank. Meta-analysis with two independent cohorts (total n = 2109) identified 83 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ST6GAL1 gene (p<5×10-8). BSLMM revealed additional association signals on chromosomes 1, 8, 10, and 14. For ST6GAL1 and the newly uncovered genes, we provide physiological and pathophysiological explanations of how their expression could be associated with variations in plasma Tg levels. We found that the SNP-heritability of Tg is 17% and that 52% of this variation is due to a small number of 16 variants that have a major effect on Tg levels. Our results suggest that the genetic architecture of plasma Tg is not polygenic, but influenced by a few genes with major effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Pleić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Mirjana Babić Leko
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ivana Gunjača
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (T.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Vesela Torlak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (V.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonela Matana
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ante Punda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (V.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (T.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-2155-7888
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen J, Ren H, Liu B. Evaluating the potency of blood long noncoding RNA PVT1 as candidate biomarker reflecting inflammation, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality risk in sepsis patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24268. [PMID: 35119126 PMCID: PMC8906045 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long noncoding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (lnc-PVT1) promotes septic inflammation and organ injuries via multiple ways, while its clinical engagement in sepsis management is indistinct. This study aimed to investigate its relationship with inflammation, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality risk in sepsis patients. METHODS Sepsis patients and age-/gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled; their lnc-PVT1 expression in plasma were detected by RT-qPCR. For sepsis patients only, the inflammatory cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-17A) in plasma were detected by ELISA. According to the survival data during 28-day follow-up, sepsis patients were divided into sepsis survivors and sepsis deaths. RESULTS Lnc-PVT1 expression was increased in sepsis patients (N = 157) compared with healthy controls (N = 80) (p < 0.001). In sepsis patients, lnc-PVT1 was linked with higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHEII) score (p = 0.001), total sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, and its most subitems (SOFA-respiratory system, SOFA-coagulation, SOFA-liver, SOFA-cardiovascular system, and SOFA-renal system scores) (all p < 0.01), but not SOFA-nervous system score (p = 0.091); it did not relate to primary infection sites either (p = 0.204). Furthermore, lnc-PVT1 correlated with increased C-reactive protein, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17 in sepsis patients (all p < 0.01). Additionally, lnc-PVT1 expression was higher in sepsis deaths than that in sepsis survivors (p < 0.001), following receiver-operating characteristic curve disclosed that lnc-PVT1 predicted 28-day septic mortality risk (area under the curve: 0.789, 95% confidence interval: 0.702-0.875). CONCLUSION Circulating lnc-PVT1 exhibits the potential as a biomarker in sepsis patients to inform inflammation, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Haibo Ren
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tao S, Chen Y, Hu M, Xu L, Fu CB, Hao XB. LncRNA PVT1 facilitates DLBCL development via miR-34b-5p/Foxp1 pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:951-963. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
36
|
Min X, Cai M, Shao T, Xu Z, Liao Z, Liu D, Zhou M, Wu W, Zhou Y, Mo M, Xu S, Liu X, Xiong X. A circular intronic RNA ciPVT1 delays endothelial cell senescence by regulating the miR-24-3p/CDK4/pRb axis. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13529. [PMID: 34902213 PMCID: PMC8761008 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been established to be involved in numerous processes in the human genome, but their function in vascular aging remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to characterize and analyze the function of a circular intronic RNA, ciPVT1, in endothelial cell senescence. We observed significant downregulation of ciPVT1 in senescent endothelial cells. In proliferating endothelial cells, ciPVT1 knockdown induced a premature senescence-like phenotype, inhibited proliferation, and led to an impairment in angiogenesis. An in vivo angiogenic plug assay revealed that ciPVT1 silencing significantly inhibited endothelial tube formation and decreased hemoglobin content. Conversely, overexpression of ciPVT1 in old endothelial cells delayed senescence, promoted proliferation, and increased angiogenic activity. Mechanistic studies revealed that ciPVT1 can sponge miR-24-3p to upregulate the expression of CDK4, resulting in enhanced Rb phosphorylation. Moreover, enforced expression of ciPVT1 reversed the senescence induction effect of miR-24-3p in endothelial cells. In summary, the present study reveals a pivotal role for ciPVT1 in regulating endothelial cell senescence and may have important implications in the search of strategies to counteract the development of age-associated vascular pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Min
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Meng‐yun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Tong Shao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Zi‐yang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Zhaofu Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Dong‐liang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Meng‐yuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Wei‐peng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Yu‐lan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Clinical Research Center Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Miao‐hua Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Shun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| | - Xing‐dong Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Institute of Aging Research Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The last decade has seen an enormous increase in long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) research within rheumatology. LncRNAs are arbitrarily classed as non-protein encoding RNA transcripts that exceed 200 nucleotides in length. These transcripts have tissue and cell specific patterns of expression and are implicated in a variety of biological processes. Unsurprisingly, numerous lncRNAs are dysregulated in rheumatoid conditions, correlating with disease activity and cited as potential biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention. In this chapter, following an introduction into each condition, we discuss the lncRNAs involved in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. These inflammatory joint conditions share several inflammatory signalling pathways and therefore not surprisingly many commonly dysregulated lncRNAs are shared across these conditions. In the interest of translational research only those lncRNAs which are strongly conserved have been addressed. The lncRNAs discussed here have diverse roles in regulating inflammation, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Understanding the molecular basis of lncRNA function in rheumatology will be crucial in fully determining the inflammatory mechanisms that drive these conditions.
Collapse
|
38
|
Hazan J, Bester AC. CRISPR-Based Approaches for the High-Throughput Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:79. [PMID: 34940760 PMCID: PMC8704461 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, tens of thousands of new long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in the human genome. Nevertheless, except for a handful of genes, the genetic characteristics and functions of most of these lncRNAs remain elusive; this is partially due to their relatively low expression, high tissue specificity, and low conservation across species. A major limitation for determining the function of lncRNAs was the lack of methodologies suitable for studying these genes. The recent development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has opened unprecedented opportunities to uncover the genetic and functional characteristics of the non-coding genome via targeted and high-throughput approaches. Specific CRISPR/Cas9-based approaches were developed to target lncRNA loci. Some of these approaches involve modifying the sequence, but others were developed to study lncRNAs by inducing transcriptional and epigenetic changes. The discovery of other programable Cas proteins broaden our possibilities to target RNA molecules with greater precision and accuracy. These approaches allow for the knock-down and characterization of lncRNAs. Here, we review how various CRISPR-based strategies have been used to characterize lncRNAs with important functions in different biological contexts and how these approaches can be further utilized to improve our understanding of the non-coding genome.
Collapse
|
39
|
Angiulli F, Colombo T, Fassetti F, Furfaro A, Paci P. Mining sponge phenomena in RNA expression data. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2021; 20:2150022. [PMID: 34794369 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720021500220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, the interactions among competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have been recognized as a key post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism in cell differentiation, tissue development, and disease. Notably, such sponge phenomena substracting active microRNAs from their silencing targets have been recognized as having a potential oncosuppressive, or oncogenic, role in several cancer types. Hence, the ability to predict sponges from the analysis of large expression data sets (e.g. from international cancer projects) has become an important data mining task in bioinformatics. We present a technique designed to mine sponge phenomena whose presence or absence may discriminate between healthy and unhealthy populations of samples in tumoral or normal expression data sets, thus providing lists of candidates potentially relevant in the pathology. With this aim, we search for pairs of elements acting as ceRNA for a given miRNA, namely, we aim at discovering miRNA-RNA pairs involved in phenomena which are clearly present in one population and almost absent in the other one. The results on tumoral expression data, concerning five different cancer types, confirmed the effectiveness of the approach in mining interesting knowledge. Indeed, 32 out of 33 miRNAs and 22 out of 25 protein-coding genes identified as top scoring in our analysis are corroborated by having been similarly associated with cancer processes in independent studies. In fact, the subset of miRNAs selected by the sponge analysis results in a significant enrichment of annotation for the KEGG32 pathway "microRNAs in cancer" when tested with the commonly used bioinformatic resource DAVID. Moreover, often the cancer datasets where our sponge analysis identified a miRNA as top scoring match the one reported already in the pertaining literature.
Collapse
|
40
|
Xiong G, Pan S, Jin J, Wang X, He R, Peng F, Li X, Wang M, Zheng J, Zhu F, Qin R. Long Noncoding Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:765216. [PMID: 34760707 PMCID: PMC8573238 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.765216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant disease characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, and poor therapeutic effects. The molecular mechanisms associated with PC initiation and progression are largely insufficient, hampering the exploitation of novel diagnostic biomarkers and development of efficient therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence recently reveals that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), extensively participate in PC pathogenesis. Specifically, lncRNAs can function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), competitively sequestering miRNAs, therefore modulating the expression levels of their downstream target genes. Such complex lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks, namely, ceRNA networks, play crucial roles in the biological processes of PC by regulating cell growth and survival, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, cancer stem cell maintenance, metabolism, autophagy, chemoresistance, and angiogenesis. In this review, the emerging knowledge on the lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks involved in PC initiation and progression will be summarized, and the potentials of the competitive crosstalk as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets will be comprehensively discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangbing Xiong
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shutao Pan
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jikuan Jin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruizhi He
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianwei Zheng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Renyi Qin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Non-coding RNA dysregulation in skin cancers. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:641-655. [PMID: 34414406 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancers are the most common cancers worldwide. They can be classified in melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the latter includes squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). In recent years, the crucial role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in skin cancer pathogenesis has become increasingly evident. NcRNAs are functional RNA molecules that lack any protein-coding activity. These ncRNAs are classified based on their length: small, medium-size, and long ncRNAs. Among the most studied ncRNAs there are microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNA (circRNAs). ncRNAs have the ability to regulate gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and are involved in skin cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Many ncRNAs exhibit tissue- or cell-specific expression while others have been correlated to tumor staging, drug resistance, and prognosis. For these reasons, ncRNAs have both a diagnostic and prognostic significance in skin cancers. Our review summarizes the functional role of ncRNAs in skin cancers and their potential clinical application as biomarkers.
Collapse
|
42
|
Ji X, Li Z, Wang W, Chen J. Downregulation of long non-coding RNA PVT1 enhances fracture healing via regulating microRNA-497-5p/HMGA2 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8125-8134. [PMID: 34592894 PMCID: PMC8806978 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1987099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragility fracture is a common and serious complication of osteoporosis. Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs is closely related to orthopedic diseases and bone metabolism. In the study, the role of lncRNA PVT1 during fracture healing, and the potential mechanism were explained. In the present study, 80 cases with fragility fracture were collected, serum samples were also collected at 7, 14, 21 days after standardized fixation therapy. qRT-PCR was applied for the measurement of mRNA levels. hFOB1.19 cells were recruited for the cell experiments, and the cell viability and apoptosis were detected. Luciferase reporter gene assay was performed for target gene confirmation. It was found that the level of PVT1 increased gradually, while miR-497-5p showed a downward trend over time in both intra-articular and hand fracture patients, and the changes reached a significant level at 21 day after treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PVT1 knockdown promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis in HFOB1.19 cells. LncRNA PVT1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-497-5p, and the influence of PVT1 knockdown on HFOB1.19 cell proliferation and apoptosis was reversed by miR-497-5p inhibition. HMGA2 is the target gene of miR-497-5p. It was concluded that LncRNA PVT1 silencing may enhance fracture healing via mediating miR-497-5p/HMGA2 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ji
- Department of Hand and Foot Trauma Surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Second Oncology Radiotherapy, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot Trauma Surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
PVT1 and ZFAS1 lncRNAs expressions and their biomarker value in gastric cancer tissue sampling among Iranian population. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7171-7177. [PMID: 34546507 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND lncRNAs are modulatory factors with critical function in the tumorigenesis pathways, introducing them as promising therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers for different cancers. This study is thus aimed to evaluate the differences in PVT1 and ZFAS1 gene expression in tumorous tissues as compared with adjacent healthy non-tumorous biopsies of gastric cancer cases. METHODS One hundred two pairs of tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous biopsies of GC cases were sampled. RNA isolation and cDNA production were carried out. The qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of PVT1 and ZFAS1 genes. Moreover, the associations between PVT1 or ZFAS1 and clinicopathological characteristics as well as the biomarker roles of the lncRNAs were assessed. RESULTS The PVT1 and ZFAS1 expressions showed a significant increase and decrease in GC samples as compared with non-cancerous tissues, respectively. PVT1 expression was significantly associated with and lymph-node involvement (p = 0.0007). Moreover, ZFAS1 expression demonstrated a significant association with lymph-node involvement (p = 0.0005), and tumor size >5 cm (p = 0.003). The findings of the ROC curve revealed that PVT1 and ZFAS1 may act as a possible biomarker with AUC of 0.71 and 0.79, specificity of 78.43% and 79.41%, and sensitivity of 55.88% and 64.71%. CONCLUSIONS Regarding upregulation of PVT1 and downregulation of ZFAS1 in human GC samples, these genes may respectively act as oncogenic and tumor-suppressive factors in GC cases. Furthermore, PVT1 and ZFAS1 can be considered as possible biomarkers for the detection and treatment of GC cases.
Collapse
|
44
|
Non-Coding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy: Focus on lncRNAs, circRNAs, and piRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164161. [PMID: 34439315 PMCID: PMC8392713 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. In the United States, pancreatic cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer related death. The lack of early diagnosis and effective therapy contributes to the high mortality of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel and effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Long noncoding RNA, circular RNAs and piwi-interacting RNA are non-coding RNAs and could become new biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of pancreatic cancer. We summarize the new findings on the roles of these non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. Abstract Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignance with high mortality. The lack of early diagnosis and effective therapy contributes to the high mortality of this deadly disease. For a long time being, the alterations in coding RNAs have been considered as major targets for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. However, with the advances in high-throughput next generation of sequencing more alterations in non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been discovered in different cancers. Further mechanistic studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), circular RNAs (circRNA) and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) play vital roles in the regulation of tumorigenesis, tumor progression and prognosis. In recent years, increasing studies have focused on the roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Novel findings have demonstrated that lncRNA, circRNA, and piRNA are critically involved in the regulation of gene expression and cellular signal transduction in pancreatic cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of roles of lncRNA, circRNA, and piRNA in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer, and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of these ncRNAs and related signaling in pancreatic cancer therapy. The information provided here will help to find new strategies for better treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
|
45
|
Exosomal lncRNA PVT1/VEGFA Axis Promotes Colon Cancer Metastasis and Stemness by Downregulation of Tumor Suppressor miR-152-3p. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9959807. [PMID: 34336125 PMCID: PMC8315867 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9959807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Treating advanced colon cancer remains challenging in clinical settings because of the development of drug resistance and distant metastasis. Mechanisms underlying the metastasis of colon cancer are complex and unclear. Methods Computational analysis was performed to determine genes associated with the exosomal long noncoding (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1)/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) axis in patients with colon cancer. The biological importance of the exosomal lncRNA PVT1/VEGFA axis was examined in vitro by using HCT116 and LoVo cell lines and in vivo by using a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model through knockdown (by silencing of PVT1) and overexpression (by adding serum exosomes isolated from patients with distant metastasis (M-exo)). Results The in silico analysis demonstrated that PVT1 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis and increased expression of metastatic markers such as VEGFA and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This finding was further validated in a small cohort of patients with colon cancer in whom increased PVT1 expression was correlated with colon cancer incidence, disease recurrence, and distant metastasis. M-exo were enriched with PVT1 and VEGFA, and both migratory and invasive abilities of colon cancer cell lines increased when they were cocultured with M-exo. The metastasis-promoting effect was accompanied by increased expression of Twist1, vimentin, and MMP2. M-exo promoted metastasis in PDX mice. In vitro silencing of PVT1 reduced colon tumorigenic properties including migratory, invasive, colony forming, and tumorsphere generation abilities. Further analysis revealed that PVT1, VEGFA, and EGFR interact with and are regulated by miR-152-3p. Increased miR-152-3p expression reduced tumorigenesis, where increased tumorigenesis was observed when miR-152-3p expression was downregulated. Conclusion Exosomal PVT1 promotes colon cancer metastasis through its association with EGFR and VEGFA expression. miR-152-3p targets both PVT1 and VEGFA, and this regulatory pathway can be explored for drug development and as a prognostic biomarker.
Collapse
|
46
|
Shrestha S, Morcavallo A, Gorrini C, Chesler L. Biological Role of MYCN in Medulloblastoma: Novel Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges Ahead. Front Oncol 2021; 11:694320. [PMID: 34195095 PMCID: PMC8236857 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.694320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The constitutive and dysregulated expression of the transcription factor MYCN has a central role in the pathogenesis of the paediatric brain tumour medulloblastoma, with an increased expression of this oncogene correlating with a worse prognosis. Consequently, the genomic and functional alterations of MYCN represent a major therapeutic target to attenuate tumour growth in medulloblastoma. This review will provide a comprehensive synopsis of the biological role of MYCN and its family components, their interaction with distinct signalling pathways, and the implications of this network in medulloblastoma development. We will then summarise the current toolbox for targeting MYCN and highlight novel therapeutic avenues that have the potential to results in better-tailored clinical treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumana Shrestha
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Alaide Morcavallo
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Gorrini
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Association of MALAT1 and PVT1 Variants, Expression Profiles and Target miRNA-101 and miRNA-186 with Colorectal Cancer: Correlation with Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116147. [PMID: 34200314 PMCID: PMC8201273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of PVT1 and MALAT1 variants on colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility and their impact on PVT1/miRNA-186/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and MALAT1/miRNA-101/EMT axes in CRC are unknown. We investigated the influence of PVT1 rs13255292 and MALAT1 rs3200401 on the risk of CRC and adenomatous polyps (AP), their impact on the long noncoding RNAs PVT1 and MALAT1 expression and their target miRNA-186, miRNA-101/E-cadherin pathways, along with their potential as early CRC biomarkers. Overall, 280 individuals were recruited: 140 patients with CRC, 40 patients with AP, and 100 healthy volunteers. Genotyping and serum expression profiles were assessed using qPCR. The EMT biomarker, E-cadherin, was measured by ELISA. rs3200401 was associated with increased CRC risk, whereas rs13255292 was protective. Serum PVT1 and MALAT1 were upregulated in CRC and AP patients versus healthy controls, whereas, miRNA-186, miRNA-101 and E-cadherin were downregulated in CRC versus non-CRC groups. MALAT1 showed superior diagnostic potential for CRC and predicted CRC risk among non-CRC groups in the multivariate logistic analysis. PVT1, MALAT1, miRNA-186 and miRNA-101 levels were correlated with E-cadherin, tumor stage, lymph node and distant metastasis. E-cadherin was lost in metastatic vs. non-metastatic CRC. rs3200401CC genotype carriers showed higher E-cadherin levels than CC + CT carriers. rs3200401 was correlated with lymph node status. For the first time, rs13255292 and rs3200401 are potential genetic CRC predisposition markers, with rs3200401 possibly impacting the EMT process. Serum PVT1, MALAT1, miRNA-186 and miRNA-101 are novel non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers that could improve the clinical outcome of CRC.
Collapse
|
48
|
Garikipati VNS, Uchida S. Elucidating the Functions of Non-Coding RNAs from the Perspective of RNA Modifications. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7020031. [PMID: 34065036 PMCID: PMC8163165 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now commonly accepted that most of the mammalian genome is transcribed as RNA, yet less than 2% of such RNA encode for proteins. A majority of transcribed RNA exists as non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with various functions. Because of the lack of sequence homologies among most ncRNAs species, it is difficult to infer the potential functions of ncRNAs by examining sequence patterns, such as catalytic domains, as in the case of proteins. Added to the existing complexity of predicting the functions of the ever-growing number of ncRNAs, increasing evidence suggests that various enzymes modify ncRNAs (e.g., ADARs, METTL3, and METTL14), which has opened up a new field of study called epitranscriptomics. Here, we examine the current status of ncRNA research from the perspective of epitranscriptomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Frederikskaj 10B, 2. (building C), DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
The complexity of tumour angiogenesis based on recently described molecules. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2021; 25:33-44. [PMID: 33911980 PMCID: PMC8063899 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2021.105075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour angiogenesis is a crucial factor associated with tumour growth, progression, and metastasis. The whole process is the result of an interaction between a wide range of different molecules, influencing each other. Herein we summarize novel discoveries related to the less known angiogenic molecules such as galectins, pentraxin-3, Ral-interacting protein of 76 kDa (RLIP76), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), B7-H3, and delta-like ligand-4 (DLL-4) and their role in the process of tumour angiogenesis. These molecules influence the most important molecular pathways involved in the formation of blood vessels in cancer, including the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor interaction (VEGFR), HIF1-a activation, or PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK-STAT signalling pathways. Increased expression of galectins, RLIP76, and B7H3 has been proven in several malignancies. Pentraxin-3, which appears to inhibit tumour angiogenesis, shows reduced expression in tumour tissues. Anti-angiogenic treatment based mainly on VEGF inhibition has proved to be of limited effectiveness, leading to the development of drug resistance. The newly discovered molecules are of great interest as a potential source of new anti-cancer therapies. Their role as targets for new drugs and as prognostic markers in neoplasms is discussed in this review.
Collapse
|
50
|
Izadirad M, Jafari L, James AR, Unfried JP, Wu ZX, Chen ZS. Long noncoding RNAs have pivotal roles in chemoresistance of acute myeloid leukemia. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1735-1743. [PMID: 33781951 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) experience poor outcomes following traditional high-dose chemotherapies and complete remission rates remain suboptimal. Chemoresistance is an obstacle to effective chemotherapy and the precise mechanisms involved remain to be determined. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as relevant factors in the development of drug resistance in patients with AML. Furthermore, accumulating data support the importance of lncRNAs as potentially useful novel therapeutic targets in many cancers. Here, we review the role of lncRNAs in the development and induction of the chemoresistance in AML, and suggest lncRNAs as novel molecular markers for diagnosis, prediction of patient response to chemotherapy, and novel therapeutic targets for AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Izadirad
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Jafari
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alva Rani James
- Digital Health & Machine Learning, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Unfried
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|