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Capoferri D, Bignotti E, Ravaggi A, Mitola S, Romani C. Finding the junction between claudins and endometrial carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189019. [PMID: 37951482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) defines a heterogeneous group of neoplastic diseases originating from the transformation of endometrial cells that constitute the internal lining of the uterus. To date several molecular targets have been analysed to describe the natural course of the disease, claudins being among these. Claudins are the main components of tight junctions (TJs), and their main functions are ascribed to the compartmentalization of tissues and cell-cell communication by means of intracellular ions diffusion: these features are typical of epithelial cells. Their overexpression, mis-localization or loss contribute to the malignancy of EC cells. This review collected all available data regarding the expression, regulation and claudin-related signaling pathways to provide a comprehensive view on the influence of claudin in EC progression. Further, the translational potential of claudin differential expression was explored, indicating that their role in personalized medicine could also contribute to EC therapy besides their employment for diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Capoferri
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Eliana Bignotti
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Antonella Ravaggi
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Chiara Romani
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy.
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2
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Tight Junction Protein Signaling and Cancer Biology. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020243. [PMID: 36672179 PMCID: PMC9857217 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are intercellular protein complexes that preserve tissue homeostasis and integrity through the control of paracellular permeability and cell polarity. Recent findings have revealed the functional role of TJ proteins outside TJs and beyond their classical cellular functions as selective gatekeepers. This is illustrated by the dysregulation in TJ protein expression levels in response to external and intracellular stimuli, notably during tumorigenesis. A large body of knowledge has uncovered the well-established functional role of TJ proteins in cancer pathogenesis. Mechanistically, TJ proteins act as bidirectional signaling hubs that connect the extracellular compartment to the intracellular compartment. By modulating key signaling pathways, TJ proteins are crucial players in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, all of which being essential cancer hallmarks crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. TJ proteins also promote the acquisition of stem cell phenotypes in cancer cells. These findings highlight their contribution to carcinogenesis and therapeutic resistance. Moreover, recent preclinical and clinical studies have used TJ proteins as therapeutic targets or prognostic markers. This review summarizes the functional role of TJ proteins in cancer biology and their impact for novel strategies to prevent and treat cancer.
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Qian L, Chen Y, Peng M, Xia Y, Zhou T, Hong J, Ding S. The Importance of Marital Status in the Morbidity and Prognosis of Lung Metastasis in Newly Diagnosed Ovarian Cancer. J Cancer 2023; 14:1024-1038. [PMID: 37151400 PMCID: PMC10158508 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for the morbidity and prognosis of lung metastases (LM) in patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer (OC), and further explore the important role of marital status. Materials and methods: Based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dataset, OC patients from 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier method were applied to evaluate the vital factors of incidence and survival outcome in LM population. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for the prognosis of OC patients with LM. The predictive potential was showed by two established nomograms and examined by the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, the area under the curve (AUC), decision curve analyses (DCAs) and clinical impact curves (CICs). Results: There are 25,202 eligible OC patients were enrolled in the study, the morbidity of LM at 5.61%. Multivariable logistic regression models illustrated that chemotherapy (P<0.01), surgical treatment of bilateral or more areas (P<0.01), T stage (P<0.01), N1 stage (P<0.01), bone metastasis (P<0.01), brain metastasis (P<0.01) and liver metastasis (P<0.01) were all significantly connected with LM in OC. Multivariable Cox regression analyses illustrated that unmarried, radiotherapy, elder people and positive cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) were significantly associated with shorter survival time, while chemotherapy made contributions to improve survival. Our study found that marital relationships promoted LM and was associated with the better prognosis, while unmarried patients had the opposite results. With the further development of our research, the cross-action of social, economic and psychological factors together determined the great impact of marital status on the morbidity and prognosis of OC patients combined with LM. Finally, the stability of the models was proved by internal verification. Conclusion: The population-based cohort study provides references for guiding clinical screening and individualized treatment of OC patients with LM. Under the influence of society and economy, marital status is closely related to the morbidity and prognosis of OC, which can be an important direction to explore the risk of OC lung metastasis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Qian
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Mingying Peng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yuwei Xia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Tianye Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiana Hong
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Shuning Ding, ; Jiana Hong,
| | - Shuning Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Shuning Ding, ; Jiana Hong,
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Stopa BM, Cuoco JA, Adhikari S, Grider DJ, Rogers CM, Marvin EA. Iatrogenic Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis Following Craniotomy for Resection of Metastatic Serous Ovarian Carcinoma: A Systematic Literature Review and Case Report. Front Surg 2022; 9:850050. [PMID: 35548192 PMCID: PMC9082594 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.850050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of ovarian carcinoma to the central nervous system occurs in <2% of cases and classically localizes within the brain parenchyma. Moreover, leptomeningeal spread of these tumors is an exceedingly rare phenomenon. Here, we conduct a systematic review of the current literature on the natural history, treatment options, and proposed pathogenic mechanisms of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in ovarian carcinoma. We also report a case of a 67-year-old female with stage IV metastatic ovarian serous carcinoma initially confined to the peritoneal cavity with a stable disease burden over the course of three years. Follow-up imaging demonstrated an intracranial lesion, which was resected via craniotomy, and pathology was consistent with the original diagnosis. Three months after surgery, she developed rapidly progressive dizziness, generalized weakness, fatigue, and ataxia. Repeat MRI demonstrated interval development of extensive and diffusely enhancing dural nodularity, numerous avidly enhancing supratentorial and infratentorial lesions, enhancement of the bilateral trigeminal nerves, internal auditory canals, and exit wound from the surgical site into the posterior aspect of the right-sided neck musculature consistent with diffuse leptomeningeal dissemination. The present case highlights that leptomeningeal dissemination of ovarian carcinoma is a potential yet rare consequence following surgical resection of an ovarian parenchymal metastasis. Progressive clinical symptomatology that develops postoperatively in this patient population should prompt urgent workup to rule out leptomeningeal disease and an expedited radiation oncology consultation if identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M. Stopa
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Joshua A. Cuoco
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Section of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA, United States
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Srijan Adhikari
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Section of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA, United States
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Douglas J. Grider
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Dominion Pathology Associates, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Cara M. Rogers
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Section of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA, United States
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Eric A. Marvin
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Section of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA, United States
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Eric A. Marvin
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Li X, Yang W. IRF2-induced Claudin-7 suppresses cell proliferation, invasion and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:7. [PMID: 34815759 PMCID: PMC8593875 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of malignant tumor worldwide. Claudin-7 (CLDN7) has been reported to exhibit low expression in tissues of patients with OSCC; however, the underlying mechanisms of CLDN7 remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of CLDN7 on the progression of OSCC and identify its potential regulatory mechanisms. CLDN7 and interferon regulatory factor-2 (IRF2) expression in several OSCC cell lines were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Following CLDN7 overexpression, cell proliferation, invasion and migration were determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, Transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. The potential binding sites of IRF2 on the CLDN7 promoter were analyzed using the PROMO and JASPAR databases, which were verified via chromatin immunoprecipitation and RT-qPCR assays. The effects of IRF2 and CLDN7 on the biological functions of OSCC cells were examined by transfection with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against CLDN7 (sh-CLDN7), or IRF2 and CLDN7 overexpression plasmids. The results revealed that CLDN7 and IRF2 expression were significantly downregulated in OSCC cell lines, and CLDN7 overexpression reduced the proliferation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells. Additionally, IRF2 was confirmed to combine with the CLDN7 promoter. CLDN7 silencing reversed the inhibitory effects of IRF2 overexpression on the proliferation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that IRF2-induced CLDN7 upregulation suppressed the proliferation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells, suggesting the possibility of CLDN7 and IRF2 as novel targets for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210018, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210018, P.R. China
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Popova OP, Kuznetsova AV, Bogomazova SY, Ivanov AA. Claudins as biomarkers of differential diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2803-2817. [PMID: 34241653 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Claudins are a superfamily of transmembrane proteins, the optimal expression and localization of which are important for the normal physiological function of the epithelium and any imbalance may have pathological consequences. Not only insufficient but also excessive production of claudins in cancer cells, as well as their aberrant localization, equally manifest the formation of a malignant phenotype. Many works are distinguished by contradictory data, which demonstrate the action of the same claudins both in the role of tumor-growth suppressors and promoters in the same cancers. The most important possible causes of significant discrepancies in the results of the works are a considerable variability of sampling and the absence of a consistent approach both to the assessment of the immune reactivity of claudins and to the differential analysis of their subcellular localization. Combined, these drawbacks hinder the histological assessment of the link between claudins and tumor progression. In particular, ambiguous expression of claudins in breast cancer subtypes, revealed by various authors in immunohistochemical analysis, not only fails to facilitate the identification of the claudin-low molecular subtype but rather complicates these efforts. Research into the role of claudins in carcinogenesis has undoubtedly confirmed the potential value of this class of proteins as significant biomarkers in some cancer types; however, the immunohistochemical approach to the assessment of claudins still has limitations, needs standardization, and, to date, has not reached a diagnostic or a prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga P Popova
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 20, Bld 1, Delegatskaya Street, Moscow, 127473, Russia
| | - Alla V Kuznetsova
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 20, Bld 1, Delegatskaya Street, Moscow, 127473, Russia.,Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Svetlana Yu Bogomazova
- Department of Pathology, National Medical Research Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ivankovskoe shosse, 3, Moscow, 125367, Russia
| | - Alexey A Ivanov
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 20, Bld 1, Delegatskaya Street, Moscow, 127473, Russia.
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Romani C, Capoferri D, Grillo E, Silvestri M, Corsini M, Zanotti L, Todeschini P, Ravaggi A, Bignotti E, Odicino F, Sartori E, Calza S, Mitola S. The Claudin-Low Subtype of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Exhibits Stem Cell Features. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:906. [PMID: 33671478 PMCID: PMC7926503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-low cancer (CL) represents a rare and biologically aggressive variant of epithelial tumor. Here, we identified a claudin-low molecular profile of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSOC), which exhibits the main characteristics of the homonym breast cancer subtype, including low epithelial differentiation and high mesenchymal signature. Hierarchical clustering and a centroid based algorithm applied to cell line collection expression dataset labeled 6 HGSOC cell lines as CL. These have a high energy metabolism and are enriched in CD44+/CD24- mesenchymal stem-like cells expressing low levels of cell-cell adhesion molecules (claudins and E-Cadherin) and high levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction transcription factors (Zeb1, Snai2, Twist1 and Twist2). Accordingly, the centroid base algorithm applied to large retrospective collections of primary HGSOC samples reveals a tumor subgroup with transcriptional features consistent with the CL profile, and reaffirms EMT as the dominant biological pathway functioning in CL-HGSOC. HGSOC patients carrying CL profiles have a worse overall survival when compared to others, likely to be attributed to its undifferentiated/stem component. These observations highlight the lack of a molecular diagnostic in the management of HGSOC and suggest a potential prognostic utility of this molecular subtyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Romani
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (D.C.); (L.Z.); (P.T.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Davide Capoferri
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (D.C.); (L.Z.); (P.T.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Grillo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (E.G.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Silvestri
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (E.G.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Corsini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (E.G.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Laura Zanotti
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (D.C.); (L.Z.); (P.T.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Paola Todeschini
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (D.C.); (L.Z.); (P.T.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Antonella Ravaggi
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (D.C.); (L.Z.); (P.T.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.O.); (E.S.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Eliana Bignotti
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (D.C.); (L.Z.); (P.T.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.O.); (E.S.)
| | - Franco Odicino
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.O.); (E.S.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Sartori
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.O.); (E.S.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Calza
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (E.G.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
- BDbiomed, Big & Open Data Innovation Laboratory, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (E.G.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
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