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Bai LL, Guo YX, Song SY, Li R, Jiang YQ. Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:4783-4788. [PMID: 39070845 PMCID: PMC11235470 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i21.4783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the bladder is a rare non-urothelial tumor of the bladder. The treatment of LCNEC of the bladder is different from that of urothelial carcinoma (UC); therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is particularly important. As LCNEC of the bladder is rare and its clinical symptoms and radiographic features are similar to those of urothelial tumors, the clinical diagnosis of the disease remains challenging. CASE SUMMARY We report a 72-year-old female patient who presented with gross hematuria for 3 mo. A solitary tumor located in the anterior wall of the bladder was found by cystoscopy. Pathological examination after biopsy suggested UC of the bladder in the absence of immunohistochemical assessment. The patient underwent partial cystectomy and was finally diagnosed with LCNEC (pT2bN0M0) based on the results of postoperative immunohistochemical examination. During the 10-mo follow-up, no signs of tumor recurrence or metastasis were found. CONCLUSION Immunohistochemical examination is essential for diagnosing LCNEC of the bladder. Accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment in the early stage of the disease are crucial for improving the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Bai
- Department of Urology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yue-Xian Guo
- Department of Urology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shi-Yu Song
- Department of Urology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Urology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yu-Qing Jiang
- Department of Urology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
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Gao P, Li X, He Z, Xu Y, Zhang Z. Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Case Report. Res Rep Urol 2024; 16:137-142. [PMID: 38894710 PMCID: PMC11184159 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s470653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary bladder large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive neoplasm with high recurrence rates and poor prognosis. Traditional management has heavily relied on radical cystectomy, which, despite its aggressiveness, often results in unsatisfactory outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests the potential for less invasive, bladder-sparing approaches, yet detailed reports and long-term outcomes remain scarce. We report a groundbreaking case of a 59-year-old male diagnosed with primary bladder LCNEC, managed through a pioneering bladder-sparing multimodal treatment. This novel strategy included transurethral resection followed by a tailored chemoradiation protocol, resulting in exceptional disease control and preservation of bladder function over a 20-month follow-up period, without evidence of recurrence. This case underscores the viability of bladder conservation strategies as a legitimate alternative to radical cystectomy for managing LCNEC, presenting a beacon of hope for patients wishing to preserve bladder functionality. It prompts a reevaluation of traditional treatment paradigms and advocates for further research into multimodal, organ-sparing approaches for this challenging malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Department of Urology, Second People’s Hospital of Yichang, Second People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Urology, Second People’s Hospital of Yichang, Second People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqiu He
- Department of Urology, Second People’s Hospital of Yichang, Second People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Second People’s Hospital of Yichang, Second People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second People’s Hospital of Yichang, Second People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
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Sun Z, Liang X, Zhang C, Song S, Gao J. Primary pure large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report and literature review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1337997. [PMID: 38529382 PMCID: PMC10961446 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1337997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the urinary bladder is a rare malignancy. With its high aggressiveness and poor prognosis, the disease is often accompanied by metastasis or recurrence. The lack of specific clinical manifestations and imaging features causes considerable challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Case presentation We report a case of LCNEC of the urinary bladder. The patient was a 79-year-old male admitted to our hospital with recurrent episodes of asymptomatic gross hematuria. Based on the computed tomography (CT) scan findings, our patient presented with a bladder mass displaying invasion into the serosal layer, suggestive of muscle involvement and indicative of malignancy. The patient received a radical cystectomy, and the postoperative pathology confirmed primary, pure LCNEC of the urinary bladder. We gave him 16 cycles of toripalimab immunotherapy. As of follow-up, the patient was alive, and periodic CT reexamination showed no evidence of recurrence. Conclusions We reviewed domestic and foreign literature and found no explicit treatment protocols exist for the disease. Surgical resection combined with chemotherapy were the most common treatments. Herein, we reported the first case of primary, pure LCNEC of the urinary bladder treated by radical cystectomy combined with pure immunotherapy, achieving sustained remission, which provides a new idea for the immunotherapy and integrative treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Sun
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Changcun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Shizhang Song
- Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiangang Gao
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
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Garcia-Becerra CA, Arias-Gallardo MI, Juarez-Garcia JE, Soltero-Molinar V, Garcia-Gutierrez CM. Primary Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e56318. [PMID: 38629019 PMCID: PMC11020652 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Small-cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is an uncommon and aggressive malignancy of the urinary tract. Its clinical presentation often mimics that of other bladder neoplasms, posing a diagnostic challenge. This case report presents a rare instance of SCCB in a 65-year-old female, shedding light on the diagnostic journey and emphasizing the need for heightened and prompt clinical suspicion due to its aggressive nature. The patient presented to the urological department with hematuria, dysuria, and hypogastric pain. Initial investigations revealed a bladder mass, prompting biopsies with inconclusive results. A comprehensive histopathological examination, including immunohistochemistry, confirmed a SCCB. A computed tomography (CT) scan was used to evaluate local and distal extention. Following the initial evaluation, a referral to an oncological service was needed. Diagnoses encompassed SCCB, with interventions that comprise chemotherapy without radical cystectomy. Despite the rarity of SCCB, timely and accurate diagnosis facilitated a tailored multidisciplinary approach, leading to prompt clinical oncology management. This case demonstrates the importance of meticulous diagnostic evaluation in rare malignancies, guiding individualized therapeutic strategies for optimal patient outcomes.
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Tauziède-Espariat A, Masliah-Planchon J, Tran S, Filser M, Saffroy R, Bochaton D, Hasty L, Senova S, Kauv P, Mokhtari K, Adam C, Poté N, Chrétien F, Métais A, Varlet P, Bielle F, Laurenge A. Brain metastasis of a urothelial neuroendocrine carcinoma: A double pitfall for neuropathologists and DNA-methylation profiling. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2024; 50:e12951. [PMID: 38124282 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnault Tauziède-Espariat
- Department of Neuropathology, GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Julien Masliah-Planchon
- Institut Curie, Laboratory of Somatic Genetics, PMDT, Paris Sciences Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Suzanne Tran
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France
- Department of Neuropathology, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Filser
- Institut Curie, Laboratory of Somatic Genetics, PMDT, Paris Sciences Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Saffroy
- Department of Biochemistry and Oncogenetics, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Dorian Bochaton
- Department of Neuropathology, GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Lauren Hasty
- Department of Neuropathology, GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Suhan Senova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henri Mondor Hospital, Université Paris Est Créteil; Unité INSERM U955 IMRB, Neuropsychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France
| | - Paul Kauv
- Department of Radiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France
- Department of Neuropathology, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - Clovis Adam
- Department of Pathology, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Nicolas Poté
- Department of Pathology, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Fabrice Chrétien
- Department of Neuropathology, GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Alice Métais
- Department of Neuropathology, GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Ima-brain Team, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Varlet
- Department of Neuropathology, GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Ima-brain Team, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France
- Department of Neuropathology, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - Alice Laurenge
- Department of Neurology 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau Et de La Moelle Épinière, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France
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He B, Ye L, Zeng H, Yao J. Differentiation of urothelial carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma in the urinary bladder based on CT texture analysis. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:5053-5054. [PMID: 37422390 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ben He
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Department of Urology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu/The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Jin Yao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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Liang F, Zhou F, Qian X, Qin L, Wang J, Ding C, Kuniduzi Y, Zhang X, Fan L. Association between radiotherapy and prognosis in patients with small cell carcinoma of the bladder undergoing bladder-sparing surgery. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1275796. [PMID: 37916169 PMCID: PMC10616522 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1275796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is rare and has a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate whether radiotherapy after bladder-sparing surgery could improve the survival benefits of patients. Methods This population-based retrospective cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cohort in the United States to investigate small cell carcinoma of the bladder. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify significant risk factors influencing the clinical prognosis. A propensity score matching (PSM) algorithm was used to reduce the interference of confounding factors in each study group. The matched groups underwent Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to assess the potential survival benefits. Results Univariate regression analysis demonstrated that age (P<0.001), tumour stage (T stage) (P=0.005), node stage (N stage) (P<0.001), chemotherapy (P<0.001), bone metastasis (P<0.001), liver metastasis (P<0.001), lung metastasis (P=0.005), tumour size (P=0.005), and radiotherapy (P<0.001) were related factors affecting survival. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age (P=0.001), T stage (P=0.054), N stage (P<0.001), radiotherapy (P=0.010), chemotherapy (P<0.001), bone metastasis (P=0.007), and liver metastasis (P<0.001) were independent factors affecting survival. Moreover, survival analysis was performed on the PSM-matched groups, leading to the following findings: (1) the radiotherapy group exhibited a superior survival prognosis compared with the non-radiotherapy group (P<0.001); (2) the survival prognosis of individuals who underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy was higher than that of those who underwent chemotherapy alone (P<0.001). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that radiotherapy improves survival benefits for patients with small cell carcinoma of the bladder who undergo bladder-sparing surgery. Furthermore, radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy demonstrates a greater survival benefit compared with chemotherapy alone. The results underscore the importance of considering radiotherapy as a valuable treatment option for such patients, highlighting its potential benefits in improving their overall prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchao Liang
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Qian
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Linghui Qin
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Jiange Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Ding
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yasen Kuniduzi
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
- College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Lianming Fan
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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Coppola A, Gatta T, Pini GM, Scordi G, Fontana F, Piacentino F, Minici R, Laganà D, Basile A, Dehò F, Carcano G, Franzi F, Uccella S, Sessa F, Venturini M. Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: CT Findings and Radiomics Signature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6510. [PMID: 37892647 PMCID: PMC10607129 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We present a case series of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder (NECB) to analyse their radiologic appearance on CT, find a "Radiomic signature", and review the current literature. Methods: 14 CT cases of NECB were reviewed and compared with a control group of 42 patients with high-grade non-neuroendocrine bladder neoplasm for the following parameters: ring enhancement; implantation site; dimensions; density; margins; central necrosis; calcifications; number of lesions; wall thickness; depth of invasion in the soft tissue; invasion of fat tissue; invasion of adjacent organs; lymph-node involvement; abdominal organ metastasis. To extract radiomic features, volumes of interest of bladder lesions were manually delineated on the portal-venous phase. The radiomic features of the two groups were identified and compared. Results: Statistical differences among NECB and control group were found in the prevalence of male sex (100% vs. 69.0%), hydronephrosis (71.4% vs. 33.3%), mean density of the mass (51.01 ± 15.48 vs. 76.27 ± 22.26 HU); product of the maximum diameters on the axial plane (38.1 ± 59.3 vs. 14.44 ± 12.98 cm2) in the control group, trigonal region involvement (78.57% vs. 19.05%). About the radiomic features, Student's t-test showed significant correlation for the variables: "DependenceNonUniformity" (p: 0.048), "JointAverage" (p: 0.013), "LargeAreaLowGrayLevelEmphasis" (p: 0.014), "Maximum2DDiameterColumn" (p: 0.04), "Maximum 2DDiameterSlice" (p: 0.007), "MeanAbsoluteDeviation" (p: 0.021), "BoundingBoxA" (p: 0.022) and "CenterOfMassB" (p: 0.007). Conclusions: There is a typical pattern (male patient, large mass, trigonal area involvement) of NECB presentation on contrast-enhanced CT. Certain morphological characteristics and encouraging results about Radiomic features can help define the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Coppola
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy; (T.G.); (F.F.); (F.P.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Tonia Gatta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy; (T.G.); (F.F.); (F.P.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Giacomo Maria Pini
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Scordi
- Postgraduate School of Radiology Technician, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Federico Fontana
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy; (T.G.); (F.F.); (F.P.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Filippo Piacentino
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy; (T.G.); (F.F.); (F.P.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Roberto Minici
- Radiology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital Mater Domini, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Domenico Laganà
- Radiology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital Mater Domini, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Antonio Basile
- Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Federico Dehò
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
- Urology Unit, CircoloHospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giulio Carcano
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
- General, Emergency and Transplant Surgery Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Francesca Franzi
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
- Patology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Uccella
- Pathology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
| | - Fausto Sessa
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
- Patology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Massimo Venturini
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy; (T.G.); (F.F.); (F.P.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy; (F.D.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (F.S.)
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Mahmoudnejad N, Mohammadi Torbati P, Lashay A, Ahmadi N, Guitynavard F. Achieving a one-year-tumor-free survival in a female with primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder and liver metastasis; a case report. Urol Case Rep 2023; 47:102347. [PMID: 36816609 PMCID: PMC9931890 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of bladder is rare. It has four subtypes, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is the rarest. LCNEC affects mostly men over 60. Most common symptom is gross hematuria. It has no specific treatment. Metastasis is common and once occurred, average survival would be less than three months. Herein we present diagnostic and therapeutic management of a 65-year-old female with LCNEC of bladder and concurrent high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Despite developing early liver metastasis, she achieved a one-year tumor-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Mahmoudnejad
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Mohammadi Torbati
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Lashay
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Ahmadi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Guitynavard
- Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author. Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Li S, Liu X, Weipeng L, Fu B. Nomogram to predict overall survival in patients with primary bladder neuroendocrine carcinoma: a population-based study. Future Oncol 2022; 18:4171-4181. [PMID: 36651444 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a prognostic model to predict the overall survival of primary bladder neuroendocrine carcinoma (BNEC) patients. Methods: Using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, a nomogram was constructed. Calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic curves and C-index were utilized to evaluate the performance. Results: The study enrolled 906 BNEC patients. The following variables were incorporated in the nomogram: age, marital status, Tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, chemotherapy and surgery. The nomogram had a C-index of 0.702 in the training cohort and 0.724 in the validation cohort. Conclusion: Compared with the TNM staging system, the proposed nomogram exhibits superior prognostic discrimination and survival prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- Department of Urology, Nanchang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17, Yongwai Zhengjie, Donghu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanchang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17, Yongwai Zhengjie, Donghu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Liu Weipeng
- Department of Urology, Nanchang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17, Yongwai Zhengjie, Donghu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, Nanchang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17, Yongwai Zhengjie, Donghu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China
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Fan J, Li H, Zhou C, Xiong W, Villamil C, Ionescu D, Oo HZ, Contreras-Sanz A, Black PC, Wang G. Classifying Pulmonary and Urinary High-grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma by CK7 Immunohistochemistry. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:459-468. [PMID: 35603802 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (HGNEC) is subclassified into small cell carcinoma (SmCC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). Although both are clinically aggressive, the SmCC and LCNEC need to have different treatment strategies, and accurate pathologic diagnosis is challenging. We studied a large retrospective cohort (186 cases) of HGNEC of bladder and lung to investigate the abundance of cytokeratin (CK) 7 expression and staining pattern in SmCC and LCNEC. Overall, the pulmonary and urinary HGNEC exhibited several different CK7 staining patterns, including negative staining (n=28), dot-like staining (n=73), partial membranous staining (n=26), and complete membranous staining (n=60). Overall, 88.9% (44/49) of pulmonary SmCC and 88.0% (44/50) of urinary SmCC showed negative or dot-like patterns for CK7, while 90.8% (59/65) of pulmonary LCNEC and 72.7% (16/22) of urinary LCNEC showed partial or complete membranous patterns for CK7 (χ 2 =105.05, P <0.0001). The distinct staining patterns were also present in those mixed SmCC and LCNEC. In addition, the specimen types or fixation did not affect CK7 staining patterns. In conclusion, CK7 has a high differential value for SmCC and LCNEC and could help guide personalized treatment for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chen Zhou
- University of British Columbia
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia Cancer Vancouver Centre
| | - Wei Xiong
- University of British Columbia
- Department of Pathology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Carlos Villamil
- University of British Columbia
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia Cancer Vancouver Centre
| | - Diana Ionescu
- University of British Columbia
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia Cancer Vancouver Centre
| | - Htoo Z Oo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia
| | | | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia
| | - Gang Wang
- University of British Columbia
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia Cancer Vancouver Centre
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Kaur Rai H, Goucher G, Pinthus JH, Williams P. Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the distal ureter: A rare entity. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2021.200545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Corbett V, Arnold S, Anthony L, Chauhan A. Management of Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:653162. [PMID: 34513663 PMCID: PMC8432609 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.653162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive cancer with a dismal prognosis. The majority of cases occur in the lung and the gastrointestinal tract; however, it can occur throughout the body. Recently advances in the understanding of the molecular underpinnings of this disease have paved the way for additional novel promising therapies. This review will discuss the current best evidence for management of LCNEC and new directions in the classification and treatment of this rare disease. METHODS We performed a PubMed search for "Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma" and "High grade neuroendocrine carcinoma." All titles were screened for relevance to the management of LCNEC. Papers were included based on relevance to the management of LCNEC. RESULTS Papers were included reviewing both pulmonary and extra pulmonary LCNEC. We summarized the data driven best practices for the management of both early and advanced stage LCNEC. We describe emerging therapies with promising potential. DISCUSSION LCNEC are rare and aggressive neoplasms. In advanced disease, the historical regimen of platinum based therapy in combination with etoposide or irinotecan remains among the commonly used first line therapies, however for extra thoracic LCNEC regimens like FOLFOX, FOLFOIRI and CAPTEM can also be used. Further effective and safe treatment options are desperately needed. Recently, new advances including a new understanding of the genetic subcategories of LCNEC and immunotherapy agents may guide further treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Corbett
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Lowell Anthony
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Aman Chauhan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Tlili G, Ammar H, Majdoub W, Dziri S, Farhat W, Acacha E, Gupta R, Jalleli N, Azzabi A, Jaidane M. Paraplegia due to medullary compression caused by a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: A case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 67:102475. [PMID: 34188905 PMCID: PMC8220165 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the urinary bladder are rare tumors, estimated at less than 1% of urinary bladder malignancies. They are mainly represented by small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, while large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is rarely reported. Case presentation We report a case of a 49-year-old man presenting paraplegia caused by a metastatic urinary bladder LCNEC, which was managed with palliative external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) associated with MVAC chemotherapy, including methotrexate, vinblastine sulfate, doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin), and cisplatin. At the last follow-up of one year after his admission, there was a symptomatic improvement in the pain intensity. Conclusion LCNEC of the bladder was first described in 1986, and, until now, less than 40 cases have been published in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of primary LCNEC of the urinary bladder presenting with paraplegia. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the urinary bladder are estimated at less than 1% of urinary bladder malignancies. They are mainly represented by small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, while large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is rarely reported. We describe a LCNEC of the urinary bladder presenting with Paraplegia due to medullary compression caused by a metastasis. This is the first case of primary LCNEC of the urinary bladder presenting with paraplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassen Tlili
- Department of Urology, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Houssem Ammar
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Wiem Majdoub
- Department of Anatomopathology, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Dziri
- Department of Nephrology, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Waad Farhat
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Emir Acacha
- Department of Urology, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Synergy Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Awatef Azzabi
- Department of Nephrology, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mehdi Jaidane
- Department of Urology, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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