1
|
Zamanian MY, Golmohammadi M, Amin RS, Bustani GS, Romero-Parra RM, Zabibah RS, Oz T, Jalil AT, Soltani A, Kujawska M. Therapeutic Targeting of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 and Its Pharmacological Potential in Parkinson's Disease: a Comprehensive Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3596-3606. [PMID: 37996730 PMCID: PMC11087351 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a zinc finger transcription factor, is found in different human tissues and shows diverse regulatory activities in a cell-dependent manner. In the brain, KLF4 controls various neurophysiological and neuropathological processes, and its contribution to various neurological diseases has been widely reported. Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that might have a connection with KLF4. In this review, we discussed the potential implication of KLF4 in fundamental molecular mechanisms of PD, including aberrant proteostasis, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and iron overload. The evidence collected herein sheds new light on KLF4-mediated pathways, which manipulation appears to be a promising therapeutic target for PD management. However, there is a gap in the knowledge on this topic, and extended research is required to understand the translational value of the KLF4-oriented therapeutical approach in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6718773654, Iran
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Tuba Oz
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Afsaneh Soltani
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1988873554, Iran.
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xue T, Lin JX, He YQ, Li JW, Liu ZB, Jia YJ, Zhou XY, Li XQ, Yu BH. Yin Yang 1 expression predicts a favourable survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24376. [PMID: 38312674 PMCID: PMC10835246 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a multifunctional transcription factor that plays an important role in tumour development and progression, while its clinical significance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical implications of YY1 in DLBCL. Methods YY1 expression in 198 cases of DLBCL was determined using immunohistochemistry. The correlation between YY1 expression and clinicopathological parameters as well as the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients was analyzed. Results YY1 protein expression was observed in 121 out of 198 (61.1 %) DLBCL cases. YY1 expression was significantly more frequent in cases of the GCB subgroup than in the non-GCB subgroup (P = 0.005). YY1 was positively correlated with the expression of MUM1, BCL6, pAKT and MYC/BCL2 but was negatively associated with the expression of CXCR4. No significant relationships were identified between YY1 and clinical characteristics, including age, sex, stage, localization, and B symptoms. Univariate analysis showed that the OS (P = 0.003) and PFS (P = 0.005) of patients in the YY1-negative group were significantly worse than those in the YY1-positive group. Multivariate analysis indicated that negative YY1 was a risk factor for inferior OS (P < 0.001) and PFS (P = 0.017) independent of the international prognostic index (IPI) score, treatment and Ann Arbor stage. Furthermore, YY1 is more powerful for stratifying DLBCL patients into different risk groups when combined with MYC/BCL2 double-expression (DE) status. Conclusions YY1 was frequently expressed in DLBCL, especially in those of GCB phenotype and with MYC/BCL2-DE. As an independent prognostic factor, YY1 expression could predict a favourable outcome in DLBCL. In addition, a complex regulatory mechanism might be involved in the interactions between YY1 and MYC, pAKT as well as CXCR4 in DLBCL, which warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xue
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Xin Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Qi He
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Wei Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Bing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jun Jia
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Hua Yu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meo C, de Nigris F. Clinical Potential of YY1-Hypoxia Axis for Vascular Normalization and to Improve Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:491. [PMID: 38339244 PMCID: PMC10854702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal vasculature in solid tumors causes poor blood perfusion, hypoxia, low pH, and immune evasion. It also shapes the tumor microenvironment and affects response to immunotherapy. The combination of antiangiogenic therapy and immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to normalize vasculature and unlock the full potential of immunotherapy. However, the unpredictable and redundant mechanisms of vascularization and immune suppression triggered by tumor-specific hypoxic microenvironments indicate that such combination therapies need to be further evaluated to improve patient outcomes. Here, we provide an overview of the interplay between tumor angiogenesis and immune modulation and review the function and mechanism of the YY1-HIF axis that regulates the vascular and immune tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of targeting YY1 and other strategies, such as nanocarrier delivery systems and engineered immune cells (CAR-T), to normalize tumor vascularization and re-establish an immune-permissive microenvironment to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Filomena de Nigris
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Noguera NI, Travaglini S, Scalea S, Catalanotto C, Reale A, Zampieri M, Zaza A, Ricciardi MR, Angelini DF, Tafuri A, Ottone T, Voso MT, Zardo G. YY1 Knockdown Relieves the Differentiation Block and Restores Apoptosis in AML Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4010. [PMID: 37568827 PMCID: PMC10417667 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15154010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we analyzed the expression of Yin and Yang 1 protein (YY1), a member of the noncanonical PcG complexes, in AML patient samples and AML cell lines and the effect of YY1 downregulation on the AML differentiation block. Our results show that YY1 is significantly overexpressed in AML patient samples and AML cell lines and that YY1 knockdown relieves the differentiation block. YY1 downregulation in two AML cell lines (HL-60 and OCI-AML3) and one AML patient sample restored the expression of members of the CEBP protein family, increased the expression of extrinsic growth factors/receptors and surface antigenic markers, induced morphological cell characteristics typical of myeloid differentiation, and sensitized cells to retinoic acid treatment and to apoptosis. Overall, our data show that YY1 is not a secondary regulator of myeloid differentiation but that, if overexpressed, it can play a predominant role in myeloid differentiation block.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelida Ines Noguera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Travaglini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Scalea
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Caterina Catalanotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (A.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (A.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (A.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Alessandra Zaza
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ricciardi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.R.); (A.T.)
| | | | - Agostino Tafuri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.R.); (A.T.)
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Morales-Martínez M, Vega MI. Role of MicroRNA-7 (MiR-7) in Cancer Physiopathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169091. [PMID: 36012357 PMCID: PMC9408913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are non-coding RNA sequences of approximately 22 nucleotides that interact with genes by inhibiting their translation through binding to their 3′ or 5′ UTR regions. Following their discovery, the role they play in the development of various pathologies, particularly cancer, has been studied. In this context, miR-7 is described as an important factor in the development of cancer because of its role as a tumor suppressor, regulating a large number of genes involved in the development and progression of cancer. Recent data support the function of miR-7 as a prognostic biomarker in cancer, and miR-7 has been proposed as a strategy in cancer therapy. In this work, the role of miR-7 in various types of cancer is reviewed, illustrating its regulation, direct targets, and effects, as well as its possible relationship to the clinical outcome of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Morales-Martínez
- Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Mario I. Vega
- Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, UCLA Medical Center, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
SIRT2-KLF4 Interactions are Critical for Myeloma Survival and Migration. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:7356477. [PMID: 35669651 PMCID: PMC9166995 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7356477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the roles and possible mechanisms of SIRT2 and KLF4 in the development and progression of myeloma. Methods Rt-PCR was used to detect SIRT2 in myeloma samples from patients and myeloma cells, the expression level of KLF4 in myeloma cells, and the effect of downregulation of SIRT2 expression on KLF4 expression level. MTT assay and wound-healing assay were used to observe the proliferation and migration of U266cells transient transfected with Sirt2 inhibitors. Results SIRT2 is highly expressed in myeloma, but KLF4 was down. Downregulation of SIRT2 expression stimulated the expression level of KLF4. Reduced SIRT2 activity results in the release of KLF4 expression, which inhibits the proliferation and migration of myeloma cells. Conclusion SIRT2-KLF4 combination plays an important role in the occurrence and development of myeloma.
Collapse
|
7
|
Implication of microRNAs in Carcinogenesis with Emphasis on Hematological Malignancies and Clinical Translation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105838. [PMID: 35628648 PMCID: PMC9143361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNAs, that are involved in the multistep process of carcinogenesis, contributing to all established hallmarks of cancer. In this review, implications of miRNAs in hematological malignancies and their clinical utilization fields are discussed. As components of the complex regulatory network of gene expression, influenced by the tissue microenvironment and epigenetic modifiers, miRNAs are “micromanagers” of all physiological processes including the regulation of hematopoiesis and metabolic pathways. Dysregulated miRNA expression levels contribute to both the initiation and progression of acute leukemias, the metabolic reprogramming of malignantly transformed hematopoietic precursors, and to the development of chemoresistance. Since they are highly stable and can be easily quantified in body fluids and tissue specimens, miRNAs are promising biomarkers for the early detection of hematological malignancies. Besides novel opportunities for differential diagnosis, miRNAs can contribute to advanced chemoresistance prediction and prognostic stratification of acute leukemias. Synthetic oligonucleotides and delivery vehicles aim the therapeutic modulation of miRNA expression levels. However, major challenges such as efficient delivery to specific locations, differences of miRNA expression patterns between pediatric and adult hematological malignancies, and potential side effects of miRNA-based therapies should be considered.
Collapse
|
8
|
Roles and Regulation of BCL-xL in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042193. [PMID: 35216310 PMCID: PMC8876520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Bcl-2 family are proteins that play an essential role in the regulation of apoptosis, a crucial process in development and normal physiology in multicellular organisms. The essential mechanism of this family of proteins is given by the role of pro-survival proteins, which inhibit apoptosis by their direct binding with their counterpart, the effector proteins of apoptosis. This family of proteins was named after the typical member Bcl-2, which was named for its discovery and abnormal expression in B-cell lymphomas. Subsequently, the structure of one of its members BCL-xL was described, which allowed one to understand much of the molecular mechanism of this family. Due to its role of BCL-xL in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, it has been of great interest in its study. Due to this, it is important to research its role regarding the development and progression of human malignancies, especially in hematologic malignancies. Due to its variation in expression in cancer, it has been suggested that BCL-xL can or cannot play a role in cancer depending on the cellular or tissue context. This review discusses recent advances in its transcriptional regulation of BCL-xL, as well as the advances regarding the activities of BCL-xL in hematological malignancies, its possible role as a biomarker, and its possible clinical relevance in these malignancies.
Collapse
|
9
|
Pan W, Wang K, Li J, Li H, Cai Y, Zhang M, Wang A, Wu Y, Gao W, Weng W. Restoring HOXD10 Exhibits Therapeutic Potential for Ameliorating Malignant Progression and 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:771528. [PMID: 34790580 PMCID: PMC8591167 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.771528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that hypermethylation of HOXD10 plays an important role in human cancers. However, the biological and clinical impacts of HOXD10 overmethylation and its downstream targets in colorectal cancer remain unknown. We evaluated the methylation level of HOXD10 in paired cancer and normal tissues (n = 42) by using pyrosequencing, followed by validation of the methylation status of HOXD10 from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets with 302 cancer tissues and 38 normal tissues. The biological function of HOXD10 was characterized in cell lines. We further evaluated the effects of HOXD10 and its targets on chemoresistance in our established resistant cell lines and clinical cohort (n = 66). HOXD10 was found frequently methylated in colorectal cancer, and its hypermethylation correlates with its low expression level, advanced disease, and lymph node metastasis. Functionally, HOXD10 acts as a tumor suppressor gene, in which HOXD10-expressing cells showed suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation ability, and migration and invasion capacity. Mechanistically, DNMT1, DNMT3B, and MeCP2 were recruited in the HOXD10 promoter, and demethylation by 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) treatment or MeCP2 knockdown can sufficiently induce HOXD10 expression. HOXD10 regulates the expressions of miR-7 and IGFBP3 in a promoter-dependent manner. Restoration of the expression of HOXD10 in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant cells significantly upregulates the expressions of miR-7 and IGFBP3 and enhances chemosensitivity to 5-FU. In conclusion, we provide novel evidence that HOXD10 is frequently methylated, silenced, and contributes to the development of colorectal cancers. Restoration of HOXD10 activates the expressions of miR-7 and IGFBP3 and results in an inhibited phenotype biologically, suggesting its potential therapeutic relevance in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaijing Wang
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayong Li
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanhua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aili Wang
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Translational Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhou Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Weng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Frazzi R, Cusenza VY, Pistoni M, Canovi L, Cascione L, Bertoni F, Merli F. KLF4, DAPK1 and SPG20 promoter methylation is not affected by DNMT1 silencing and hypomethylating drugs in lymphoma cells. Oncol Rep 2021; 47:10. [PMID: 34751409 PMCID: PMC8600396 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoter methylation represents one of the major epigenetic mechanisms responsible for the regulation of gene expression. Hypomethylating drugs are currently approved for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, and some studies have recently been carried out on diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). DLBCL is a type of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1 in mediating the epigenetic regulation of some key targets previously emerged as hypermethylated in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, genome-wide arrays and methylation-specific PCR were used to determine the level of methylation of specific targets. Gene silencing, gene expression and immunoblotting were used to investigate the role of DNMT1 and DNMT3a in lymphoma cells. The present study showed that lymphoma cell lines displayed a completely different methylation profile on selected targets compared with primary B lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 5′-aza-cytidine (5AZA) and 5′-aza-2-deoxycitidine (decitabine) exerted their activity through, at least in part, mechanisms independent of DNMT1 downregulation. Despite a global hypomethylating effect of 5AZA and decitabine, DNMT1 was not found to be necessary to maintain the hypermethylation of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), death associated protein 1 (DAPK1) and spastic paraplegia 20 (SPG20). SPG20 was found to be a completely methylated target in all the tested cell lines, but not in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting its association with malignancy. The highest methylation was clustered upstream of the transcription starting site in a panel of 28 DLBCL cell lines and the results were unaffected by the silencing of DNMT1 expression. These data demonstrated the epigenetic regulation of SPG20 in lymphoid cells and identified a number of novel markers associated with lymphomas that deserve further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Frazzi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale ‑ IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, I‑42123 Reggio Emilia, Emilia‑Romagna, Italy
| | - Vincenza Ylenia Cusenza
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale ‑ IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, I‑42123 Reggio Emilia, Emilia‑Romagna, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Pistoni
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale ‑ IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, I‑42123 Reggio Emilia, Emilia‑Romagna, Italy
| | - Laura Canovi
- Immunohematology and Transfusional Medicine Division, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale ‑ IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, I‑42123 Reggio Emilia, Emilia‑Romagna, Italy
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland, 6501 Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland, 6501 Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Division, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale ‑ IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, I‑42123 Reggio Emilia, Emilia‑Romagna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
MiR-7 in Cancer Development. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030325. [PMID: 33806891 PMCID: PMC8004586 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA involved in the regulation of specific mRNA translation. They participate in cellular signaling circuits and can act as oncogenes in tumor development, so-called oncomirs, as well as tumor suppressors. miR-7 is an ancient miRNA involved in the fine-tuning of several signaling pathways, acting mainly as tumor suppressor. Through downregulation of PI3K and MAPK pathways, its dominant role is the suppression of proliferation and survival, stimulation of apoptosis and inhibition of migration. Besides these functions, it has numerous additional roles in the differentiation process of different cell types, protection from stress and chromatin remodulation. One of the most investigated tissues is the brain, where its downregulation is linked with glioblastoma cell proliferation. Its deregulation is found also in other tumor types, such as in liver, lung and pancreas. In some types of lung and oral carcinoma, it can act as oncomir. miR-7 roles in cell fate determination and maintenance of cell homeostasis are still to be discovered, as well as the possibilities of its use as a specific biotherapeutic.
Collapse
|
12
|
Montecillo-Aguado M, Morales-Martínez M, Huerta-Yepez S, Vega MI. KLF4 inhibition by Kenpaullone induces cytotoxicity and chemo sensitization in B-NHL cell lines via YY1 independent. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:1422-1431. [PMID: 33410342 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1869960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a member of the KLF transcription factor family containing zinc-fingers, and is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of B cells and B-cell malignancies. KLF4 can act like an oncogene, we shown that KLF4 overexpression correlated with poor prognostic and chemoresistance in B-NHL. In addition, we shown that KLF4 is regulated by YY1. In this study, we demonstrate that chemical inhibition of KLF4 by Kenpaullone, results in suppression of proliferation, cell survival, downregulation of Bcl-2 and increases apoptosis in B-NHL cell lines through YY1 independent pathway. Combination of Kenpaullone and Doxorubicin, increased apoptosis. The co-expressions of KLF4/YY1 or KLF4/Bcl-2 in NHL was analyzed using Oncomine Database, exhibiting a positive correlation of expression. The present findings suggest that the chemical inhibition of KLF4 by Kenpaullone treatment could be a potential therapeutic alternatively in KLF4+ lymphomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Montecillo-Aguado
- Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, México City, México.,Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Mario Morales-Martínez
- Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, México City, México.,Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Sara Huerta-Yepez
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez S.S.A, México City, México
| | - Mario I Vega
- Molecular Signal Pathway in Cancer Laboratory, UIMEO, Oncology Hospital, Siglo XXI National Medical Center, IMSS, México City, México.,Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, UCLA Medical Center, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|