1
|
Tang Z, Li X, Zheng Y, Liu J, Liu C, Li X. The role of competing endogenous RNA network in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma: potential therapeutic targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1341999. [PMID: 38357004 PMCID: PMC10864455 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1341999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The current situation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management is challenging due to its high incidence, mortality, recurrence and metastasis. Recent advances in gene genetic and expression regulation have unveiled the significant role of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in various cancers. This led to the formulation of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis, which posits that both coding RNA and ncRNA, containing miRNA response elements (MRE), can share the same miRNA sequence. This results in a competitive network between ncRNAs, such as lncRNA and mRNA, allowing them to regulate each other. Extensive research has highlighted the crucial role of the ceRNA network in HCC development, impacting various cellular processes including proliferation, metastasis, cell death, angiogenesis, tumor microenvironment, organismal immunity, and chemotherapy resistance. Additionally, the ceRNA network, mediated by lncRNA or circRNA, offers potential in early diagnosis and prevention of HCC. Consequently, ceRNAs are emerging as therapeutic targets for HCC. The complexity of these gene networks aligns with the multi-target approach of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), presenting a novel perspective for TCM in combating HCC. Research is beginning to show that TCM compounds and prescriptions can affect HCC progression through the ceRNA network, inhibiting proliferation and metastasis, and inducing apoptosis. Currently, the lncRNAs TUG1, NEAT1, and CCAT1, along with their associated ceRNA networks, are among the most promising ncRNAs for HCC research. However, this field is still in its infancy, necessitating advanced technology and extensive basic research to fully understand the ceRNA network mechanisms of TCM in HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Tang
- The Ninth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfeng Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang XQ, Li LL, Lou P, Zhang Q, Wang Y. Noval ceRNA axis-mediated high expression of TOP2A correlates with poor prognosis and tumor immune infiltration of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:3486-3502. [PMID: 38193002 PMCID: PMC10774052 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor with limited treatment options, suboptimal efficacy, and poor prognosis, resulting in an economic burden to countries worldwide. TOP2A is a mammalian protein that plays a vital role in DNA replication. Previous studies have shown that upregulation of TOP2A expression is associated with tumorigenesis and progression in various cancers, but the exact mechanism of upregulation remains unclear. Methods We first conducted a pan-cancer analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases to study the oncogenicity of TOP2A through the cBioPortal database. Next, using The Encyclopedia of RNA Interactomes (ENCORI) database, we identified microRNAs (miRNAs) that are associated with the downregulation of TOP2A and investigated potential long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by binding to candidate miRNAs. We then analyzed immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints using the TIMER database. Finally, we performed a multivariate regression analysis using lncRNAs and clinical pathological characteristics, constructed a nomogram to predict the prognosis of HCC based on the analysis results, and evaluated its diagnostic efficiency. Results TOP2A was highly expressed in HCC and was associated with poor patient prognosis. TOP2A was subject to post-transcriptional regulation in HCC, with the ceRNA mechanism being a significant pathway. miR-139-5p was an important miRNA that suppressed the upregulation of TOP2A in HCC, and patients with low expression of miR-139-5p had worse overall survival (OS). After screening and analysis, three lncRNAs, AC078846.1, AC124798.1 and SNHG3, were found to inhibit the activity of miR-139-5p through the ceRNA mechanism, and patients with high expression of these three lncRNAs had worse prognosis. In addition, TOP2A was found to be closely related to tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and immune checkpoints. A nomogram constructed using the three lncRNAs and selected clinicopathological features showed good predictive value for the prognosis of liver cancer. Conclusions The TOP2A-miR-139-5p-AC078846.1/AC124798.1/SNHG3 axis plays a significant role in the progression of HCC and leads to poor patient outcomes. Additionally, TOP2A influences the development of HCC by affecting TIICs and immune checkpoints. A nomogram constructed using the three lncRNAs and clinicopathological features has good clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Wang
- Interventional Department, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Li Li
- Interventional Department, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Lou
- Vascular Surgery, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Interventional Department, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Vascular Surgery, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Min J, Ma J, Wang Q, Yu D. Long non-coding RNA SNHG1 promotes bladder cancer progression by upregulating EZH2 and repressing KLF2 transcription. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2022; 77:100081. [PMID: 36087568 PMCID: PMC9468346 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long Non-Coding RNAs (LncRNAs) act as an indispensable role in cancer development. The study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) in Bladder Cancer (BC) progression. METHOD The expression, prognostic value, diagnostic value, and correlation of SNHG1, Enhancer of Zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2), and Kruppel Like Factor 2 (KLF2) were analyzed through bioinformatics analysis. The expression was also validated in BC tissues and cell lines. Besides, their regulation and binding were tested via qPCR, Western blot, Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay (DLRA), Argonaute RISC catalytic component 2-RNA Immunoprecipitation (AGO2-RIP), and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP). A xenograft model in nude mice was also established. RESULTS SNHG1 was significantly overexpressed in BC tissues and cells. Importantly, SNHG1 was associated with poor survival, and ROC curves revealed high diagnostic values. Moreover, by CCK8, wound healing, transwell, and Western blot analysis, SNHG1 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of BC cells. Additionally, in vivo experiments showed that silencing SNHG1 hindered tumorigenesis and tumor growth. Regarding mechanism, the results of AGO2-RIP, ChIP or DLRA showed that SNHG1 played different roles at diverse subcellular sites. In the cytoplasm, SNHG1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-137-3p to promote EZH2 expression. In the nucleus, SNHG1 could interact with EZH2 to inhibit KLF2 transcription. CONCLUSION Our study elucidated that SNHG1 formed a regulatory network and played an oncogenic role in BC, which provided a novel therapeutic target for BC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Min
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaxing Ma
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Y, Long W, Yang L, Zhao Y, Wu X, Li M, Du F, Chen Y, Yang Z, Wen Q, Yi T, Xiao Z, Shen J. Functional Peptides Encoded by Long Non-Coding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:777374. [PMID: 34888249 PMCID: PMC8649637 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.777374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is by far the most common malignancy and the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the epigenetic regulation of cancer cells and regulate tumor progression by affecting chromatin modifications, gene transcription, translation, and sponge to miRNAs. In particular, lncRNA has recently been found to possess open reading frame (ORF), which can encode functional small peptides or proteins. These peptides interact with its targets to regulate transcription or the signal axis, thus promoting or inhibiting the occurrence and development of tumors. In this review, we summarize the involvement of lncRNAs and the function of lncRNAs encoded small peptides in gastrointestinal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Weili Long
- School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liqiong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Comprehensive Characterization of Common and Cancer-Specific Differently Expressed lncRNAs in Urologic Cancers. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5515218. [PMID: 34335862 PMCID: PMC8286197 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5515218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Urologic cancers, comprising prostate carcinoma (PCa), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and bladder carcinoma (BCa), were the commonly occurred carcinoma amid males. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with the length of more than 200 nt functioned importantly in physiological and pathological advancement. Nevertheless, further investigation regarding lncRNA expression feature and function in urologic cancers should be essential. This study is aimed at uncovering the roles of the differently expressed lncRNAs in urologic cancers. The data of gene expression levels was downloaded from lncRNAtor datasets. The lncRNA expression pattern existing in different urologic cancers was assessed by hierarchical clustering analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were separately applied to evaluate the biological function and process and the biological pathways involving differently expressed lncRNAs. Our results indicated that 18 lncRNA expressions were increased, and 16 lncRNA expressions were reduced in urologic cancers after comparison with that in normal tissues. Moreover, our results demonstrated 61, 422, 137, and 281 lncRNAs were specifically dysregulated in bladder cancer (BLCA), kidney renal clear cell cancer (KIRC), kidney renal papillary cell cancer (KIRP), and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), respectively. Bioinformatics analysis showed that differently expressed lncRNAs displayed crucially in urologic cancers. The prognostic value of common and cancer-specific differently expressed lncRNAs, such as PVT1, in cancer outcomes, was emphasized here. Our research has deeply unearthed the mechanism of differently expressed lncRNAs in urologic cancers development.
Collapse
|