1
|
Elsebaie HA, Abdulla MH, Elsayed ZM, Shaldam MA, Tawfik HO, Morsy SN, Vaali Mohammed MA, Bin Traiki T, Elkaeed EB, Abdel-Aziz HA, Eldehna WM. Unveiling the potential of isatin-grafted phenyl-1,2,3-triazole derivatives as dual VEGFR-2/STAT-3 inhibitors: Design, synthesis and biological assessments. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107626. [PMID: 39013242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The use of VEGFR-2 inhibitors as a stand-alone treatment has proven to be ineffective in clinical trials due to the robustness of cellular response loops that lead to treatment resistance when only targeting VEGFR-2. The over-activation of the signal transducer/activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) is expected to significantly impact treatment failure and resistance to VEGFR-2 inhibitors. In this study, we propose the concept of combined inhibition of VEGFR-2 and STAT-3 to combat induced STAT-3-mediated resistance to VEGFR-2 inhibition therapy. To explore this, we synthesized new isatin-grafted phenyl-1,2,3-triazole derivatives "6a-n" and "9a-f". Screening on PANC1 and PC3 cancer cell lines revealed that compounds 6b, 6 k, 9c, and 9f exhibited sub-micromolar ranges. The most promising molecules, 6b, 6 k, 9c, and 9f, demonstrated the highest inhibition when tested as dual inhibitors on VEGFR-2 (with IC50 range 53-82 nM, respectively) and STAT-3 (with IC50 range 5.63-10.25 nM). In particular, triazole 9f showed the best results towards both targets. Inspired by these findings, we investigated whether 9f has the ability to trigger apoptosis in prostate cancer PC3 cells via the assessment of the expression levels of the apoptotic markers Caspase-8, Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-9. Treatment of the PC3 cells with compound 9f significantly inhibited the protein expression levels of VEGFR-2 and STAT-3 kinases compared to the control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Elsebaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Maha-Hamadien Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zainab M Elsayed
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Samar N Morsy
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mansoor-Ali Vaali Mohammed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Bin Traiki
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Canal El Mahmoudia St., Alexandria 21648, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elsawi AE, Shahin MI, Elbendary HA, Al-Warhi T, Hassan FE, Eldehna WM. 1,2,4-Triazole-Tethered Indolinones as New Cancer-Fighting Small Molecules Targeting VEGFR-2: Synthesis, Biological Evaluations and Molecular Docking. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:81. [PMID: 38256914 PMCID: PMC10820444 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway is an inveterate approach toward combating pancreatic and hepatocellular cancers. Based on Sunitinib, the FDA-approved VEGFR-2 inhibitor, novel indolin-2-one-triazole hybrids were designed and synthesized as anti-hepatocellular and anti-pancreatic cancer agents with VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. All the targeted compounds were assessed for their anti-cancer activity, revealing IC50 values extending from 0.17 to 4.29 µM for PANC1 and 0.58 to 4.49 µM for HepG2 cell lines. An extensive SAR study was conducted to explore the effect of different substituents along with N-alkylation. The potent anti-cancer analogs 11d, 11e, 11g, 11k and 14c were evaluated for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory actions, where their IC50 values ranged from 16.3 to 119.6 nM compared to Sorafenib, which revealed an IC50 of 29.7 nM, having compound 11d as the most active analog. An in silico ADME study was performed to confirm the drug-likeness of the synthesized compounds. Finally, molecular docking simulation was conducted for the most potent VEGFR-2 inhibitor (11d), demonstrating the strong binding with the vital amino acid residues of the VEGFR-2 ATP binding site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. Elsawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Mai I. Shahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Hager A. Elbendary
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma E. Hassan
- Department of Physiology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia;
- Medical Physiology Department, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11562, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thamlikitkul L, Parinyanitikul N, Sriuranpong V. Genomic medicine and cancer clinical trial in Thailand. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 21:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0175. [PMID: 37615313 PMCID: PMC10875286 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucksamon Thamlikitkul
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Napa Parinyanitikul
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University & The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Virote Sriuranpong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University & The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan S, Xue S, Wang T, Gao R, Zeng H, Wang Q, Jia X. Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, and novel insights in radiation-induced lung toxicity. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1086214. [PMID: 37637045 PMCID: PMC10449572 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1086214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor-, vascular endothelial growth factor-, and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. These three receptors promote new blood vessel formation and maintenance, which is essential for tumor growth and spread. Several trials have shown that nintedanib plays a substantial role in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Recently, several clinical trials of nintedanib to treat NSCLC have been reported. In this review, we focus on our current understanding of nintedanib treatment for advanced NSCLC patients and summarize the literature on using nintedanib in radiation-induced lung toxicity and the efficacy and tolerability of nintedanib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaojing Jia
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Multicenter phase II trial of nintedanib plus docetaxel in second-line treatment in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer patients refractory to first-line platin-based chemotherapy (REFRACT GFPC 02-15 study). Lung Cancer 2021; 161:122-127. [PMID: 34583220 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NsqNSCLC) progressing at the induction of a first-line of platin-based chemotherapy is a subgroup of patients with poor prognosis and few second-line treatment options. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-stage phase II prospective multicenter open-label trial performed in platin-based refractory (i.e. progressing during induction phase of first-line platin-based chemotherapy) advanced NsqNSCLC assessed the efficacy of the nintedanib-docetaxel combination in second-line treatment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) rates at 12 weeks with a cut-off at 30% for ineffectiveness and 50% for minimal efficacy. RESULTS A total of 59 patients from 23 centers were included (mean age, 58.5 years; male gender, 73.6%; performance status 0-1, 100%; former/current smokers, 92.5%; adenocarcinoma, 92.5%, median platin-based first-line chemotherapy, 2). Nintedanib-docetaxel combination was administered for a median of 4 cycles. The rate of PFS at 12 weeks was 39.6% (95% CI, 28.2-56.8). Median PFS was 2.7 (95% CI, 1.4-4.1) months and one-year PFS was 11.8% (95% CI, 4.8-22.2). Median overall survival (OS) was 6.9 (95% CI, 4.3-8.2) months and 12-month OS was 32.1% (95% CI, 19.8-45.0); 18-month OS was 27.6% (95% CI, 16,1-40.4). Twenty-nine (53.7%) patients reported at least one serious treatment-related adverse events leading to permanent discontinuation of at least one study drug in 12 (22.2%) patients. CONCLUSION The predefined minimal efficacy was not demonstrated. However, a number of NsqNSCLC patients refractory to first-line platin-based chemotherapy appeared to benefit from this combination.
Collapse
|
6
|
Programmed cell death, redox imbalance, and cancer therapeutics. Apoptosis 2021; 26:385-414. [PMID: 34236569 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are disordered by nature and thus featured by higher internal redox level than healthy cells. Redox imbalance could trigger programmed cell death if exceeded a certain threshold, rendering therapeutic strategies relying on redox control a possible cancer management solution. Yet, various programmed cell death events have been consecutively discovered, complicating our understandings on their associations with redox imbalance and clinical implications especially therapeutic design. Thus, it is imperative to understand differences and similarities among programmed cell death events regarding their associations with redox imbalance for improved control over these events in malignant cells as well as appropriate design on therapeutic approaches relying on redox control. This review addresses these issues and concludes by bringing affront cold atmospheric plasma as an emerging redox controller with translational potential in clinics.
Collapse
|