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Zhang W, Xu C, Yang Z, Zhou J, Peng W, Zhang X, Li H, Qu S, Tao K. Circular RNAs in tumor immunity and immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:171. [PMID: 39169354 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are unique noncoding RNAs that have a closed and stable loop structure generated through backsplicing. Due to their conservation, stability and tissue specificity, circRNAs can potentially be used as diagnostic indicators and therapeutic targets for certain tumors. Many studies have shown that circRNAs can act as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, and engage in interactions with proteins and translation templates to regulate gene expression and signal transduction, thereby participating in the occurrence and development of a variety of malignant tumors. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Early researches have indicated that circRNAs are involved in regulating tumor immune microenvironment and antitumor immunity. CircRNAs may have the potential to be important targets for increasing sensitivity to immunotherapy and expanding the population of patients who benefit from cancer immunotherapy. However, few studies have investigated the correlation between circRNAs and tumor immunity. In this review, we summarize the current researches on circRNAs involved in antitumor immune regulation through different mechanisms and their potential value in increasing immunotherapy efficacy with the goal of providing new targets for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhipeng Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Jingshi Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Haimin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shibin Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Kaishan Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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Miao S, Rodriguez BL, Gibbons DL. The Multifaceted Role of Neutrophils in NSCLC in the Era of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2507. [PMID: 39061147 PMCID: PMC11274601 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in both males and females in the U.S. and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85%. Although the use of first- or second-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) exhibits remarkable clinical benefits, resistance to ICIs develops over time and dampens the efficacy of ICIs in patients. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) have an important role in modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor immune response. The major challenge in the field is to characterize the TANs in NSCLC TME and understand the link between TAN-related immunosuppression with ICI treatment response. In this review, we summarize the current studies of neutrophil interaction with malignant cells, T-cells, and other components in the TME. Ongoing clinical trials are aimed at utilizing reagents that have putative effects on tumor-associated neutrophils, in combination with ICI. Elevated neutrophil populations and neutrophil-associated factors could be potential therapeutic targets to enhance anti-PD1 treatment in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Miao
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.M.); (B.L.R.)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth at Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bertha Leticia Rodriguez
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.M.); (B.L.R.)
| | - Don L. Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.M.); (B.L.R.)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth at Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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3
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Han R, Rao X, Zhou H, Lu L. Synergistic Immunoregulation: harnessing CircRNAs and PiRNAs to Amplify PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibition Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4803-4834. [PMID: 38828205 PMCID: PMC11144010 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s461289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors marks a significant advancement in cancer therapy. However, the efficacy of monotherapy is still disappointing in a substantial subset of patients, necessitating the exploration of combinational strategies. Emerging from the promising results of the KEYNOTE-942 trial, RNA-based therapies, particularly circRNAs and piRNAs, have distinguished themselves as innovative sensitizers to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These non-coding RNAs, notable for their stability and specificity, were once underrecognized but are now known for their crucial roles in regulating PD-L1 expression and bolstering anti-cancer immunity. Our manuscript offers a comprehensive analysis of selected circRNAs and piRNAs, elucidating their immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms, thus underscoring their potential as ICIs enhancers. In conjunction with the recent Nobel Prize-awarded advancements in mRNA vaccine technology, our review highlights the transformative implications of these findings for cancer treatment. We also discuss the prospects of circRNAs and piRNAs in future therapeutic applications and research. This study pioneers the synergistic application of circRNAs and piRNAs as novel sensitizers to augment PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition therapy, demonstrating their unique roles in regulating PD-L1 expression and modulating immune responses. Our findings offer a groundbreaking approach for enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, opening new avenues for treatment strategies. This abstract aims to encapsulate the essence of our research and the burgeoning role of these non-coding RNAs in enhancing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition therapy, encouraging further investigation into this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Chinese Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwu Rao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Ma Y, Wang T, Zhang X, Wang P, Long F. The role of circular RNAs in regulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and implications. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:312. [PMID: 38697964 PMCID: PMC11066075 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has rapidly transformed cancer treatment, yet resistance remains a significant hurdle, limiting its efficacy in many patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression and cellular processes. Increasing evidence indicates their involvement in modulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Notably, certain circRNAs function as miRNA sponges or interact with proteins, influencing the expression of immune-related genes, including crucial immune checkpoint molecules. This, in turn, shapes the tumor microenvironment and significantly impacts the response to immunotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we explore the evolving role of circRNAs in orchestrating resistance to cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on their mechanisms in influencing immune checkpoint gene expression. Additionally, we underscore the potential of circRNAs as promising therapeutic targets to augment the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the role of circRNAs in cancer immunotherapy resistance could contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China.
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Zabeti Touchaei A, Vahidi S. MicroRNAs as regulators of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy: targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:102. [PMID: 38462628 PMCID: PMC10926683 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the power of the immune system to eliminate tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block negative regulatory signals that prevent T cells from attacking cancer cells. Two key ICIs target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, which includes programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). Another ICI targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). While ICIs have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various malignancies, only a subset of patients respond favorably. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, play a crucial role in modulating immune checkpoints, including PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. This review summarizes the latest advancements in immunotherapy, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints and the regulatory role of miRNAs in modulating these pathways. Consequently, understanding the complex interplay between miRNAs and immune checkpoints is essential for developing more effective and personalized immunotherapy strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sogand Vahidi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Meng L, Wu H, Wu J, Ding P, He J, Sang M, Liu L. Mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors: insights into the regulation of circular RNAS involved in cancer hallmarks. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:3. [PMID: 38177102 PMCID: PMC10766988 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for cancer, especially advanced cancer, are limited and unsatisfactory. One of the most substantial advances in cancer therapy, in the last decades, was the discovery of a new layer of immunotherapy approach, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which can specifically activate immune cells by targeting immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoints are a type of immunosuppressive molecules expressed on immune cells, which can regulate the degree of immune activation and avoid autoimmune responses. ICIs, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, has shown inspiring efficacy and broad applicability across various cancers. Unfortunately, not all cancer patients benefit remarkably from ICIs, and the overall response rates to ICIs remain relatively low for most cancer types. Moreover, the primary and acquired resistance to ICIs pose serious challenges to the clinical application of cancer immunotherapy. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular biological properties and regulatory mechanisms of immune checkpoints is urgently needed to improve clinical options for current therapies. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted increasing attention, not only due to their involvement in various aspects of cancer hallmarks, but also for their impact on immune checkpoints in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment. In this review, we systematically summarize the current status of immune checkpoints in cancer and the existing regulatory roles of circRNAs on immune checkpoints. Meanwhile, we also aim to settle the issue in an evidence-oriented manner that circRNAs involved in cancer hallmarks regulate the effects and resistance of ICIs by targeting immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjiao Meng
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, China
- Research Center and Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jiaxiang Wu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Ping'an Ding
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jinchen He
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Meixiang Sang
- Research Center and Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
- Science and Education Department, Shanghai Electric Power Hospital, Shanghai, 20050, China.
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, China.
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Xue F, Feng H, Wang T, Feng G, Ni N, Wang R, Yuan H. hsa_circ_0000264 promotes tumor progression via the hsa-let-7b-5p/HMGA2 axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2677-2688. [PMID: 36214613 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are involved in various tumors. However, their role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is unknown. CircRNA sequencing data showed that hsa_circ_0000264 is significantly upregulated in HNSCC tissues. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0000264 in HNSCC and elucidate its underlying regulation mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS RNase R treatment was performed to confirm the loop structure of hsa_circ_0000264. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to show the subcellular localization of hsa_circ_0000264. We then performed wound healing assay, Transwell assay, Western blot, and in vivo experiments to determine the effect of alterations in hsa_circ_0000264 expression. We performed RNA pull-down and dual luciferase reporter assay to identify and confirm the binding sites in RNAs. RESULTS hsa_circ_0000264 was upregulated in HNSCC tissues and cells, and its loop structure was confirmed. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0000264 inhibited the migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of HNSCC cells in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_000026 upregulation can upregulate the expression of high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) by sponging hsa-let-7b-5p, which in turn promotes HNSCC progression. CONCLUSION Our results showed that hsa_circ_0000264 promotes HNSCC progression via the hsa-let-7b-5p/HMGA2 axis, and hsa_circ_0000264 can serve as a potential target for HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanying Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Pang C, Zhang T, Chen Y, Yan B, Chen C, Zhang Z, Wang C. Andrographis modulates cisplatin resistance in lung cancer via miR-155-5p/SIRT1 axis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:260. [PMID: 37530871 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Andrographis (Andro) has been identified as an anti-cancer herbal. This study was to explore its underlying regulatory routes regarding cisplatin (DDP) resistance in lung cancer. The impacts of Andro on cell viability in lung cancer cells and normal cells BEAS-2B were validated using CCK8 tests. Then, cell viability and apoptosis analysis was performed in the cells after DDP, Andro, or combined treatment. RT-qPCR was applied for evaluating miR-155-5p and SIRT1 mRNA expressions, while western blot was for evaluating SIRT1 protein expressions. Binding sites between SIRT1 and miR-155-5p were predicted on TargetScan and were confirmed using luciferase reporter assays. Xenograft animal models were established for in vivo validation of the regulatory function of Andro in lung cancer. Andro decreased the cell viability in lung cancer cells but not normal cells BEAS-2B. The combined treatment with DDP and Andro induced the lowest viability and highest apoptosis in both A549 and A549/DDP cells. MiR-155-5p expression was suppressed, and SIRT was promoted by the Andro treatment, while overexpression of miR-155-5p reversed effects of Andro in cells, which was further counteracted by SIRT1 activation. SIRT1 was verified to be a target of miR-155-5p in A549/DDP cells. Moreover, Andro synergized with DDP in mice with lung cancer via miR-155-5p/SIRT1. Andro modulates cisplatin resistance in lung cancer via miR-155-5p/SIRT1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Pang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Tengyue Zhang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of NanKai University, Clinical College of Ophthalmology of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenfa Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Changli Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin, China.
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Zhang C, Zhang C, Liu X, Sun W, Liu H. Circular RNA PGPEP1 induces colorectal cancer malignancy and immune escape. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1743-1758. [PMID: 37424115 PMCID: PMC10446806 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2225923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal tumor globally. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as regulatory players in the pathogenesis of CRC. However, it is unclear whether hsa_circ_0050102 (circPGPEP1) affects the malignant progression and immune escape in CRC. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis and circRNA in vivo precipitation experiments were performed to analyze and identify circRNAs that mediate immune escape in CRC. Using luciferase reporter assay, RIP, RNA pull-down assay, and FISH, the interaction between circPGPEP1, miR-515-5p, and nuclear factor of activated T-cell 5 (NFAT5) was identified. The functional role of circPGPEP1/miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis in CRC anti-tumor immunity was investigated by co-culture assay, CFSE assay, and flow cytometry of CRC cells and T cells. RESULTS circPGPEP1 was a stable circRNA that was highly expressed in CRC. Functionally, circPGPEP1 silencing not only effectively inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, EMT, and immune escape and promoted apoptosis in vitro, but also inhibited CRC tumor growth and immune escape in vivo. In terms of the regulatory mechanism, circIGF2BP3 competitively upregulated NFAT5 expression by sponging miR-515-5p. Furthermore, functional rescue experiments showed that circPGPEP1 acted in CRC by regulating the miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis. CONCLUSION Collectively, circPGPEP1 exerts an oncogene role in CRC by regulating the miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - ChengZhao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - XinLu Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - WenShuo Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - HuanRan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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10
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Wang T, Zhang Y, Wu J, Feng H, Wang R, Yuan H. Association of genetic variants of CircCHST15 with oral squamous cell carcinoma in the Chinese Han population. Head Neck 2023; 45:806-815. [PMID: 36608057 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the oral cavity. The relationship between the genetic susceptibility of circCHST15 and OSCC remains unclear. METHODS Genetic variants of circCHST15 were screened using a genotyping analysis from 1044 patients with OSCC and 3199 healthy participants. The circCHST15 expression was detected in 32 pairs of OSCC tissues. The circular RNA quantitative trait locus analysis and the reporter gene assay were performed for verification. RESULTS The circCHST15 expression was upregulated in OSCC (Wilcoxon p < 1e-3). The genotyping analysis screened out 61 loci in circCHST15 associated with the risk of OSCC. After adjustment and annotation, rs28707473 (A > C, odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.076-1.361, p = 1.453e-3) was selected. This genetic variation could elevate the circCHST15 expression level possibly by altering the structure of circular RNAs and affecting transcription factor binding. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested that genetic variants of circCHST15 may contribute to OSCC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yehao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
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11
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Crudele F, Bianchi N, Terrazzan A, Ancona P, Frassoldati A, Gasparini P, D'Adamo AP, Papaioannou D, Garzon R, Wójcicka A, Gaj P, Jażdżewski K, Palatini J, Volinia S. Circular RNAs Could Encode Unique Proteins and Affect Cancer Pathways. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040493. [PMID: 37106694 PMCID: PMC10135897 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
circRNAs constitute a novel class of RNA, generally considered as non-coding RNAs; nonetheless, their coding potential has been under scrutiny. In this work, we systematically explored the predicted proteins of more than 160,000 circRNAs detected by exome capture RNA-sequencing and collected in the MiOncoCirc pan-cancer compendium, including normal and cancer samples from different types of tissues. For the functional evaluation, we compared their primary structure and domain composition with those derived from the same linear mRNAs. Among the 4362 circRNAs potentially encoding proteins with a unique primary structure and 1179 encoding proteins with a novel domain composition, 183 were differentially expressed in cancer. In particular, eight were associated with prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. The functional classification of the dysregulated circRNA-encoded polypeptides showed an enrichment in the heme and cancer signaling, DNA-binding, and phosphorylation processes, and disclosed the roles of some circRNA-based effectors in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Crudele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Genetics Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro Ancona
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Frassoldati
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria St. Anna di Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Genetics Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Adamo P D'Adamo
- Genetics Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Dimitrios Papaioannou
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ramiro Garzon
- Division of Hematology and Hematological Malignancies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | - Paweł Gaj
- Warsaw Genomics INC, 01-682 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Krystian Jażdżewski
- Human Cancer Genetics, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jeffrey Palatini
- Genomics Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- CNBCh, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Yi Q, Feng J, Liao Y, Sun W. Circular RNAs in chemotherapy resistance of lung cancer and their potential therapeutic application. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:225-237. [PMID: 35594011 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the high malignancy-related incidence and mortality worldwide, accounting for about 13% of total cancer diagnoses. Currently, the use of anti-cancer agents is still the main therapeutic method for lung cancer. However, cancer cells will gradually show resistance to these drugs with the progress of treatment. And the molecular mechanisms underlying chemotherapy agents resistance remain unclear. circRNAs are newly identified noncoding RNAs molecules with covalently closed circular structures. Previous studies have shown that circRNAs are associated with tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers, including lung cancer. Recently, growing reports have suggested that circRNAs could contribute to drug resistance of lung cancer cell through different mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the functions and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in regulating chemoresistance of lung cancer and discussed their potential applications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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13
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Saadi W, Fatmi A, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL, Mena-Molla S. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Epigenetic Regulators of Immune Checkpoints in Cancer Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010184. [PMID: 36612180 PMCID: PMC9819025 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cancer treatment has undergone significant changes, predominantly in the shift towards immunotherapeutic strategies using immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the clinical efficacy of many of these inhibitors, the overall response rate remains modest, and immunotherapies for many cancers have proved ineffective, highlighting the importance of knowing the tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity of each malignancy in patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted increasing attention for their ability to control various biological processes by targeting different molecular pathways. Some lncRNAs have a regulatory role in immune checkpoints, suggesting they might be utilized as a target for immune checkpoint treatment. The focus of this review is to describe relevant lncRNAs and their targets and functions to understand key regulatory mechanisms that may contribute in regulating immune checkpoints. We also provide the state of the art on super-enhancers lncRNAs (selncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which have recently been reported as modulators of immune checkpoint molecules within the framework of human cancer. Other feasible mechanisms of interaction between lncRNAs and immune checkpoints are also reported, along with the use of miRNAs and circRNAs, in generating new tumor immune microenvironments, which can further help avoid tumor evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam Saadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Djillali Bounaama, Khemis Miliana 44225, Algeria
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (S.M.-M.)
| | - Ahlam Fatmi
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena-Molla
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (S.M.-M.)
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14
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Seneviratne C, Shetty AC, Geng X, McCracken C, Cornell J, Mullins K, Jiang F, Stass S. A Pilot Analysis of Circulating cfRNA Transcripts for the Detection of Lung Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12122897. [PMID: 36552904 PMCID: PMC9776862 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12122897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancers are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Studies have shown that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which constitutes the majority of lung cancers, is significantly more responsive to early-stage interventions. However, the early stages are often asymptomatic, and current diagnostic methods are limited in their precision and safety. The cell-free RNAs (cfRNAs) circulating in plasma (liquid biopsies) offer a non-invasive detection of spatial and temporal changes occurring in primary tumors since the early stages. To address gaps in the current cfRNA knowledge base, we conducted a pilot study for the comprehensive analysis of transcriptome-wide changes in plasma cfRNA in NSCLC patients. Total cfRNA was extracted from archived plasma collected from NSCLC patients (N = 12), cancer-free former smokers (N = 12), and non-smoking healthy volunteers (N = 12). Plasma cfRNA expression levels were quantified by using a tagmentation-based library preparation and sequencing. The comparisons of cfRNA expression levels between patients and the two control groups revealed a total of 2357 differentially expressed cfRNAs enriched in 123 pathways. Of these, 251 transcripts were previously reported in primary NSCLCs. A small subset of genes (N = 5) was validated in an independent sample (N = 50) using qRT-PCR. Our study provides a framework for developing blood-based assays for the early detection of NSCLC and warrants further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamindi Seneviratne
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- The Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Amol Carl Shetty
- The Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xinyan Geng
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Carrie McCracken
- The Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jessica Cornell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kristin Mullins
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Laboratories of Pathology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sanford Stass
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Laboratories of Pathology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.S.)
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15
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Dai M, Liu M, Yang H, Küçük C, You H. New insights into epigenetic regulation of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:101. [PMID: 36384676 PMCID: PMC9667634 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) is a type of immune-inhibitory checkpoint protein, which delivers inhibitory signals to cytotoxic T cells by binding to the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) displayed on the surface of cancer cells. Antibodies blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have been extensively used in treatment of human malignancies and have achieved promising outcomes in recent years. However, gradual development of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has decreased the effectiveness of this immunotherapy in cancer patients. The underlying epigenetic mechanisms need to be elucidated for application of novel strategies overcoming this immunotherapy resistance. Epigenetic aberrations contribute to cancerogenesis by promoting different hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, these alterations may lead to therapy resistance, thereby leading to poor prognosis. Recently, the epigenetic regulatory drugs have been shown to decrease the resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in certain cancer patients. Inhibitors of the non-coding RNAs, DNA methyltransferases, and histone deacetylases combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown considerable therapeutic efficacy against carcinomas as well as blood cancers. Importantly, DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic silencing can inhibit antigen processing and presentation, which promotes cancerogenesis and aggravates resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy. These observations altogether suggest that the combination of the epigenetic regulatory drugs with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may present potential solution to the resistance caused by monotherapy of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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16
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Hussen BM, Poornajaf Y, Taheri M, Sharifi G. Interplay between programmed death-ligand 1 and non-coding RNAs. Front Immunol 2022; 13:982902. [PMID: 36405753 PMCID: PMC9667550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.982902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a transmembrane protein with essential roles in the suppression of adaptive immune responses. As an immune checkpoint molecule, PD-L1 can be exploited by cancer cells to evade the anti-tumor attacks initiated by the immune system. Thus, blockade of the PD1/PD-L1 axis can eliminate the suppressive signals and release the antitumor immune responses. Identification of the underlying mechanisms of modulation of the activity of the PD1/PD-L1 axis would facilitate the design of more efficacious therapeutic options and better assignment of patients for each option. Recent studies have confirmed the interactions between miRNAs/lncRNAs/circ-RNAs and the PD1/PD-L1 axis. In the current review, we give a summary of interactions between these transcripts and PD-L1 in the context of cancer. We also overview the consequences of these interactions in the determination of the response of patients to anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Yadollah Poornajaf
- Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,*Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Guive Sharifi,
| | - Guive Sharifi
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Guive Sharifi,
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17
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Shadbad MA, Ghorbaninezhad F, Hassanian H, Ahangar NK, Hosseinkhani N, Derakhshani A, Shekari N, Brunetti O, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. A scoping review on the significance of programmed death-ligand 1-inhibiting microRNAs in non-small cell lung treatment: A single-cell RNA sequencing-based study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1027758. [PMID: 36388933 PMCID: PMC9659572 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1027758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 axis is one of the well-established inhibitory axes in regulating immune responses. Besides the significance of tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 expression in immune evasion, its oncogenic role has been implicated in various malignancies, like non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As small non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRs) have pivotal roles in cancer biology. The current study aimed to systematically review the current knowledge about the significance of PD-L1-inhibiting miRs in NSCLC inhibition and their underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted the current scoping review based on the PRISMA-ScR statement. We systematically searched Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Ovid, EBSCO, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, African Index Medicus, and Pascal-Francis up to 4 April 2021. We also performed in silico tumor bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing to further the current knowledge of the non-coding RNA-mediated tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 regulation and the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in NSCLC. RESULTS The ectopic expression of hsa-miR-194-5p, hsa-miR-326, hsa-miR-526b-3p, hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-138-5p, hsa-miR-377-3p, hsa-let-7c-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, hsa-miR-200b-3p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, and hsa-miR-197-3p, as PD-L1-inhibiting miR, inhibits NSCLC development. These PD-L1-inhibiting miRs can substantially regulate the cell cycle, migration, clonogenicity, invasion, apoptosis, tumor chemosensitivity, and host anti-tumoral immune responses. Based on single-cell RNA sequencing results, PD-L1 inhibition might liberate the tumor-infiltrated CD8+ T-cells and dendritic cells (DCs)-mediated anti-tumoral immune responses via disrupting the PD-L1/PD-1 axis. CONCLUSION Given the promising preclinical results of these PD-L1-inhibiting miRs in inhibiting NSCLC development, their ectopic expression might improve NSCLC patients' prognosis; however, further studies are needed to translate this approach into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hamidreza Hassanian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Noora Karim Ahangar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negar Hosseinkhani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Najibeh Shekari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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18
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Sang C, Rao D, Wu C, Xia Y, Si M, Tang Z. Role of circular RNAs in the diagnosis, regulation of drug resistance and prognosis of lung cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 24:302. [PMID: 35949591 PMCID: PMC9353231 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China and is the highest cause of mortality among male and female patients, both in urban and rural areas. A subset of patients with lung cancer only display chest tightness without any other obvious symptoms. This is because most symptoms do not manifest during the early stages of disease development. Consequently, most patients with lung cancer are diagnosed when the disease is in the advanced stages, when they are already unfit for surgical treatment. Furthermore, the prognosis of patients with lung cancer is poor. The 5-year survival rate of patients with stage IA lung cancer is 85%, compared with 6% in those with stage IV. This requires the development of strategies for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis to improve the management of lung cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to a class of closed circular non-coding RNAs formed by reverse splicing of a precursor mRNA. These RNAs are highly stable, ubiquitously expressed, conserved, and show high specificity. CircRNAs regulate biological processes, such as the proliferation, differentiation and invasion of lung cancer cells. Therefore, they can be used as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of lung cancer, as well as novel targets for therapy design. In the present review, the biological characteristics and functions of circRNAs, as well as their application in the diagnosis, control of drug resistance and effect on the prognosis of patients with lung cancer, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Sang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Dingyu Rao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Maoyan Si
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Zhixian Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
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19
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Ginckels P, Holvoet P. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer: Role of Non-coding RNAs. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022; 95:129-152. [PMID: 35370493 PMCID: PMC8961704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
High oxidative stress, Th1/Th17 immune response, M1 macrophage inflammation, and cell death are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Controlled oxidative stress, Th2/Treg anti-tumor immune response, M2 macrophage inflammation, and survival are associated with cancer. MiR-21 protects against cardiovascular diseases but may induce tumor growth by retaining the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage and Treg phenotypes and inhibiting apoptosis. Down-regulation of let-7, miR-1, miR-9, miR-16, miR-20a, miR-22a, miR-23a, miR-24a, miR-26a, miR-29, miR-30a, miR-34a, miR-124, miR-128, miR-130a, miR-133, miR-140, miR-143-145, miR-150, miR-153, miR-181a, miR-378, and miR-383 may aid cancer cells to escape from stresses. Upregulation of miR-146 and miR-223 may reduce anti-tumor immune response together with miR-21 that also protects against apoptosis. MiR-155 and silencing of let-7e, miR-125, and miR-126 increase anti-tumor immune response. MiR expression depends on oxidative stress, cytokines, MYC, and TGF-β, and expression of silencing lncRNAs and circ-RNAs. However, one lncRNA or circ-RNA may have opposite effects by targeting several miRs. For example, PVT1 induces apoptosis by targeting miR-16a and miR-30a but inhibits apoptosis by silencing miR-17. In addition, levels of a non-coding RNA in a cell type depend not only on expression in that cell type but also on an exchange of microvesicles between cell types and tumors. Although we got more insight into the function of a growing number of individual non-coding RNAs, overall, we do not know enough how several of them interact in functional networks and how their expression changes at different stages of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieterjan Ginckels
- Department of Architecture, Brussels and Gent, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Holvoet
- Experimental Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Paul Holvoet, Experimental
Cardiology, KU Leuven, Belgium; ; ORCID iD:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9201-0772
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20
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CircFOXK2 enhances tumorigenesis and immune evasion in non-small cell lung cancer by miR-485-5p/PD-L1 axis. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:437-447. [PMID: 35324518 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve a key role in lots of cancers. The outcomes of upregulated circular RNA forkhead box K2 (circFOXK2) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) persisted uncertainly. In this study, the role of circFOXK2 in NSCLC was inspected. METHODS The abundances of circFOXK2, microRNA-485-5p (miR-485-5p) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and clonogenic assay were accomplished to conclude the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Wound healing and transwell assays were implemented to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay was enforced to quantify the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells. Flow cytometry assay was employed to detect apoptosis. Besides, the mice experiments were utilized for in vivo tumorigenesis analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was carried out to reveal the associations between miR-485-5p and circFOXK2 or PD-L1. RESULTS CircFOXK2 and PD-L1 levels were augmented in NSCLC. CircFOXK2 targeted miR-485-5p, which could bind to PD-L1. CircFOXK2 served a key role in NSCLC tumorigenesis and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells. MiR-485-5p inhibition or PD-L1 overexpression abolished the inhibitory effects of circFOXK2 lack on NSCLC tumorigenesis and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION CircFOXK2 sponged miR-485-5p to stimulate PD-L1 and expedited NSCLC development.
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21
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Chen W, Tang D, Lin J, Huang X, Lin S, Shen G, Dai Y. Exosomal circSHKBP1 participates in non-small cell lung cancer progression through PKM2-mediated glycolysis. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:470-485. [PMID: 35229026 PMCID: PMC8844869 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a high morbidity and mortality, and it is imperative to explore the latent pathogenesis mechanism of NSCLC progression to find potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The present study aimed to explore the biological function of circSHKBP1 in NSCLC. circSHKBP1 was found to be upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines and was enriched in exosomes derived from NSCLC cells. Exosomal circSHKBP1 enhanced the proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness of NSCLC cells. miRNA-1294 was identified as a target for circSHKBP1, and circSHKBP1 upregulated PKM2 expression by sponging miR-1294. Exosomal circSHKBP1 regulated glycolysis through PKM2 in a HIF-1α-dependent manner in NSCLC cells and promoted M2 polarization and macrophage recruitment. Moreover, exosomal circSHKBP1 promoted NSCLC cell growth, metastasis, and M2 infiltration in vivo. Thus, exosomal circSHKBP1 participated in the progression of NSCLC via the miR-1294/PKM2 axis. circSHKBP1 may be potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
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22
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Carlos-Reyes Á, Romero-Garcia S, Contreras-Sanzón E, Ruiz V, Prado-Garcia H. Role of Circular RNAs in the Regulation of Immune Cells in Response to Cancer Therapies. Front Genet 2022; 13:823238. [PMID: 35186039 PMCID: PMC8847670 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.823238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are a class of small endogenous noncoding RNA that are formed by means of either the spliceosome or lariat-type splicing. CircRNAs have multiple regulatory functions and have been detected in different cell types, like normal, tumor and immune cells. CircRNAs have been suggested to regulate T cell functions in response to cancer. CircRNAs can enter into T cells and promote the expression of molecules that either trigger antitumoral responses or promote suppression and the consequent evasion to the immune response. Additionally, circRNAs may promote tumor progression and resistance to anticancer treatment in different types of neoplasias. In this minireview we discuss the impact of circRNAs and its function in the regulation of the T-cells in immune response caused by cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles Carlos-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Onco-Inmunobiologia, Departamento de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico, Mexico
| | | | | | - Víctor Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Heriberto Prado-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Onco-Inmunobiologia, Departamento de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico, Mexico
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23
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Pedraz‐Valdunciel C, Giannoukakos S, Potie N, Giménez‐Capitán A, Huang C, Hackenberg M, Fernandez‐Hilario A, Bracht J, Filipska M, Aldeguer E, Rodríguez S, Bivona TG, Warren S, Aguado C, Ito M, Aguilar‐Hernández A, Molina‐Vila MA, Rosell R. Digital multiplexed analysis of circular RNAs in FFPE and fresh non‐small cell lung cancer specimens. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2367-2383. [PMID: 35060299 PMCID: PMC9208080 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many studies highlight the implication of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in carcinogenesis and tumor progression, their potential as cancer biomarkers has not yet been fully explored in the clinic due to the limitations of current quantification methods. Here, we report the use of the nCounter platform as a valid technology for the analysis of circRNA expression patterns in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens. Under this context, our custom‐made circRNA panel was able to detect circRNA expression both in NSCLC cells and formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues. CircFUT8 was overexpressed in NSCLC, contrasting with circEPB41L2, circBNC2, and circSOX13 downregulation even at the early stages of the disease. Machine learning (ML) approaches from different paradigms allowed discrimination of NSCLC from nontumor controls (NTCs) with an 8‐circRNA signature. An additional 4‐circRNA signature was able to classify early‐stage NSCLC samples from NTC, reaching a maximum area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.981. Our results not only present two circRNA signatures with diagnosis potential but also introduce nCounter processing following ML as a feasible protocol for the study and development of circRNA signatures for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pedraz‐Valdunciel
- Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute Badalona Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Nicolas Potie
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence University of Granada Granada Spain
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Fernandez‐Hilario
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence University of Granada Granada Spain
| | - Jill Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Laboratory of Oncology Pangaea Oncology Barcelona Spain
| | - Martyna Filipska
- Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute Badalona Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | | | | | - Trever G Bivona
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | | | | | - Masaoki Ito
- Department of Surgical Oncology Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | | | | | - Rafael Rosell
- Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute Badalona Spain
- Oncology Institute Dr. Rosell, IOR, Quirón‐Dexeus University Institute Barcelona Spain
- Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
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24
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Luo YH, Yang YP, Chien CS, Yarmishyn AA, Adekunle Ishola A, Chien Y, Chen YM, Tsai PH, Lin TW, Wang ML, Chiou SH. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000190 Facilitates the Tumorigenesis and Immune Evasion by Upregulating the Expression of Soluble PD-L1 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:64. [PMID: 35008490 PMCID: PMC8744551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in Taiwan and throughout the world. Immunotherapy has revealed promising and significant efficacy in NSCLC, through immune checkpoint inhibition by blocking programmed cell death protein (PD)-1/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) signaling pathway to restore patients' T-cell immunity. One novel type of long, non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), are endogenous, stable, and widely expressed in tissues, saliva, blood, urine, and exosomes. Our previous results revealed that the plasma level of hsa_circ_0000190 can be monitored by liquid-biopsy-based droplet digital PCR and may serve as a valuable blood-based biomarker to monitor the disease progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study, hsa_circ_0000190 was shown to increase the PD-L1 mRNA-mediated soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) expression, consequently interfering with the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 antibody and T-cell activation, which may result in immunotherapy resistance and poor outcome. Our results unraveled that hsa_circ_0000190 facilitated the tumorigenesis and immune evasion of NSCLC by upregulating sPD-L1 expression, potentially developing a different aspect in elucidating the molecular immunopathogenesis of NSCLC. Hsa_circ_0000190 upregulation can be an effective indicator for the progression of NSCLC, and hsa_circ_0000190 downregulation may possess a potential therapeutic value for the treatment of NSCLC in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hung Luo
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Aliaksandr A. Yarmishyn
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Afeez Adekunle Ishola
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Tzu-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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25
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Wu YX, Lin YS, Li SC, Yao X, Cheng M, Zhu L, Liu HY. microRNA-194 is increased in polycystic ovary syndrome granulosa cell and induce KGN cells apoptosis by direct targeting heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:170. [PMID: 34814928 PMCID: PMC8609843 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00850-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-related follicular developmental disorder that affects 50 %-70 % of reproductive-aged women diagnosed with ovulation-related infertility. Abnormal proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) are thought to be the critical factors leading to abnormal maturation of follicles. It has been shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) exert a significant influence in the pathogenesis of PCOS; however, the relationship between miRNA, PCOS, and GC apoptosis is not entirely understood. METHODS To clarify the effect of miR-194 in PCOS, CCK-8, Ki67 staining, AO/EB, and flow cytometry assays were used to assess cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis in KGN cells, which were artificially stimulated to overexpress miR-194. Luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments were used to elucidate the mechanism underlying miR-194 in PCOS. RESULTS miR-194 expression was significantly up-regulated in rat models of PCOS and the ovarian GCs of PCOS patients. miR-194 suppression promoted KGN cell growth and proliferation. miR-194 overexpression also induced cell apoptosis, while miR-194 downregulation had an opposite effect. Furthermore, up-regulating heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) expression rescued the pro-apoptotic effects of miR-194 upregulation on KGN cells. CONCLUSIONS miR-194 is increased in PCOS granulosa cell and may function as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for KGN cells via HB-EGF regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Shan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingwei Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Ying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China.
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26
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Zhang C, Peng L, Ji J, Jiao W. [Research Progress of Circular RNAs in Tumor Immunotherapy]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 24:698-704. [PMID: 34628781 PMCID: PMC8560983 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.101.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy is a new therapy which developed in recent years, it has greatly changed the therapeutic schedules and brought new options for patients. However, not all patients can have obvious therapeutic effects after using immunotherapy. So selecting more suitable patients and raising immunotherapy effect are worthy to discuss. With the research of circular RNAs (circRNAs), circRNAs have been found that they not only play a significant role in the field of tumor markers, tumor progression and prognosis, but also can abnormally express in a variety of tumors and affect tumor immunity. Therefore, the circRNAs expression may not only can be used as a supplementary method for selecting patients, but also can be used to predict the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. In this article, we summarize current knowledge on circRNAs abnormally expressed in many cancers, especially lung cancer which can affect tumor immunity, and discuss its potential effects in tumor immunotherapy, and we hope to provide more references for the clinical practice of circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingbin Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenjie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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