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André M, Brucato N, Hudjasov G, Pankratov V, Yermakovich D, Montinaro F, Kreevan R, Kariwiga J, Muke J, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Meyer V, Evans N, Cox MP, Leavesley M, Dannemann M, Org T, Metspalu M, Mondal M, Ricaut FX. Positive selection in the genomes of two Papua New Guinean populations at distinct altitude levels. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3352. [PMID: 38688933 PMCID: PMC11061283 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Highlanders and lowlanders of Papua New Guinea have faced distinct environmental stress, such as hypoxia and environment-specific pathogen exposure, respectively. In this study, we explored the top genomics regions and the candidate driver SNPs for selection in these two populations using newly sequenced whole-genomes of 54 highlanders and 74 lowlanders. We identified two candidate SNPs under selection - one in highlanders, associated with red blood cell traits and another in lowlanders, which is associated with white blood cell count - both potentially influencing the heart rate of Papua New Guineans in opposite directions. We also observed four candidate driver SNPs that exhibit linkage disequilibrium with an introgressed haplotype, highlighting the need to explore the possibility of adaptive introgression within these populations. This study reveals that the signatures of positive selection in highlanders and lowlanders of Papua New Guinea align closely with the challenges they face, which are specific to their environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde André
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Nicolas Brucato
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
| | - Georgi Hudjasov
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Vasili Pankratov
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Danat Yermakovich
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Francesco Montinaro
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and the Environment, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rita Kreevan
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Jason Kariwiga
- Strand of Anthropology, Sociology and Archaeology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, University 134, PO Box 320, National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
- School of Social Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - John Muke
- Social Research Institute Ltd, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
| | - Vincent Meyer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057, Evry, France
| | - Nicholas Evans
- ARC Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language, Coombs Building, Fellows Road, CHL, CAP, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Murray P Cox
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Leavesley
- Strand of Anthropology, Sociology and Archaeology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, University 134, PO Box 320, National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
- College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, P.O. Box 6811, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Michael Dannemann
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Org
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Mait Metspalu
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Mayukh Mondal
- Centre for Genomics, Evolution & Medicine, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia.
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
| | - François-Xavier Ricaut
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France.
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Kim NY, Park HM, Lee HP, Hong JT, Yoon DY. (E)-2-Methoxy-4-(3-(4-Methoxyphenyl) Prop-1-en-1-yl) Phenol Suppresses Breast Cancer Progression by Dual-Regulating VEGFR2 and PPARγ. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:240-248. [PMID: 37942548 PMCID: PMC10940741 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In cancer treatment, multi-target approach has paid attention to a reasonable strategy for the potential agents. We investigated whether (E)-2-methoxy-4-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl) prop-1-en-1-yl) phenol (MMPP) could exert an anticancer effect by dual-regulating VEGFR2 and PPARγ. MMPP showed modulating effects in TNBC type (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and luminal A type (MCF7) breast cancer cell lines. MMPP enhanced PPARγ transcriptional activity and inhibited VEGFR2 phosphorylation. MMPP-induced signaling by VEGFR2 and PPARγ ultimately triggered the downregulation of AKT activity. MMPP exhibited anticancer effects, as evidenced by growth inhibition, inducement of apoptosis, and suppression of migration and invasion. At the molecular level, MMPP activated pro-apoptotic proteins (caspase3, caspase8, caspase9, and bax), while inhibiting the anti-apoptotic proteins (bcl2). Additionally, MMPP inhibited the mRNA expressions of EMT-promoting transcription factors. Therefore, our findings showed molecular mechanisms of MMPP by regulating VEGFR2 and PPARγ, and suggested that MMPP has potential to treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Yeon Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Min Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Deng W, Sun D, Cai B, Jin B. Yangjing capsule improves oligoasthenozoospermia by promoting nitric oxide production through PLCγ1/AKT/eNOS pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1056091. [PMID: 37180698 PMCID: PMC10169610 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1056091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oligoasthenozoospermia is an important factor leading to male infertility. Yangjing capsule (YC), a traditional Chinese preparation, displays beneficial effects on male infertility. However, whether YC could improve oligoasthenozoospermia remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of YC in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 800 mg/kg ornidazole once daily for 30 days to induce in vivo oligoasthenozoospermia; primary Sertoli cells were treated with 400 μg/mL ornidazole for 24 h to induce in vitro oligoasthenozoospermia. Results: We found that YC improved the testicle and epididymis weight, sperm concentration, sperm progressive motility, serum testosterone, fertility rate and testis morphology in ornidazole-exposed rats and enhanced cell survival in ornidazole-stimulated primary Sertoli cells. YC also inhibited the ornidazole-caused decrease in nitric oxide (NO) generation and the phosphorylation of phospholipase C γ1 (PLCγ1), AKT, and eNOS in vivo and in vitro in oligoasthenozoospermia. Furthermore, the knockdown of PLCγ1 blunted the beneficial effects of YC in vitro. Conclusion: Collectively, our data suggested that YC protected against oligoasthenozoospermia by promoting NO levels through the PLCγ1/AKT/eNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Baofang Jin
- Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analyses Unveil the Mechanisms of Yiguanjian Decoction against Parkinson’s Disease from Inner/Outer Brain Perspective. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4758189. [PMID: 36237735 PMCID: PMC9552692 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4758189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the pharmacodynamic mechanism of Yiguanjian (YGJ) decoction against Parkinson's disease (PD) through integrating the central nervous (inner brain) and peripheral system (outer brain) relationship spectrum. Methods The active components of YGJ were achieved from the TCMSP, TCMID, and TCM@Taiwan databases. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of the active components along with their corresponding targets was evaluated utilizing the existing website, namely, SwissADME and SwissTargetPrediction. The targets of PD were determined through database retrieval. The interaction network was constructed upon the STRING database, followed by the visualization using Cytoscape software. Then, we performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses on potential targets. Finally, the molecular docking approach was employed to assess the binding affinity between key components and key targets. Results Overall, we identified 79 active components, 128 potential targets of YGJ, and 97 potential targets of YGJ-BBB potentially suitable for the treatment of PD. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the YGJ treatment of PD mainly relied on PI3K-Akt pathway while the YGJ-BBB was mostly involved in endocrine resistance. The molecular docking results displayed high affinity between multiple compounds and targets in accordance with previous observations. Conclusions Our study unveiled the potential mechanisms of YGJ against PD from a systemic perspective: (1) for the YGJ, they have potential exerting effects on the peripheral system and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis through regulating the PI3K-Akt pathway; (2) for the YGJ-BBB, they can directly modulate endocrine resistance of the central nervous and holistically enhance body resistance to PD along with YGJ on PI3K-Akt pathway.
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Wang S, Yang XX, Li TJ, Zhao L, Bao YR, Meng XS. Analysis of the absorbed constituents and mechanism of liquidambaris fructus extract on hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999935. [PMID: 36110518 PMCID: PMC9468745 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) refers to one of the top 10 cancers in terms of morbidity and mortality globally, seriously influencing people’s lives. First recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica, liquidambaris fructus (LF) generates definite anti-liver tumor effect. However, its effective substances and mechanism remain to be elucidated.Methods: Serum pharmacochemistry and UPLC-QTOF-MS technologies were employed to explore the plasma of rats after intragastric administration of liquidambaris fructus extract (LFE) in order to find the active ingredients. Subsequently, DEN-induced rat liver cancer model was established with the purpose of investigating the anti-tumor activity of LFE from physiological, pathological and biochemical aspects. Finally, non-target metabonomics combined with q-PCR and Western blot methods were adopted for revealing the mechanism.Results: Totally 11 prototype blood transfused ingredients, including imperatorin and phellopterin were detected. LFE presents excellent impact on enhancing the quality of life, prolonging the life cycle, reducing inflammatory reaction, protecting hepatocytes, improving body immunity and killing liver tumor cells. Altogether 82 endogenous differential metabolites were found in metabonomics, suggesting that LFE can treat HCC by acting on key targets of PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Further research also verified that LFE can upregulate the relative expression levels of PTEN, PDCD4, Caspase 9, Caspase 3, Bax and Bad as well as lower the relative expression levels of PI3K, AKT, VEGFA and Bcl-2.Conclusion: This study revealed the pharmacodynamic material basis of LFE in the treatment of HCC, and from the perspective of metabolomics proved that the effects of inhibiting the growth of tumor cells, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, reducing inflammatory reaction, protecting hepatocytes, improving the survival state of tumor rats, and prolonging the life cycle are related to its impact on PTEN/PI3K/Akt, fatty acid metabolism and other key signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
| | - Xin-Xin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
| | - Yong-Rui Bao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Rui Bao, ; Xian-Sheng Meng,
| | - Xian-Sheng Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Rui Bao, ; Xian-Sheng Meng,
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Hu T, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang R, Song Y, Zhang L, Han S. Construction and validation of an angiogenesis-related gene expression signature associated with clinical outcome and tumor immune microenvironment in glioma. Front Genet 2022; 13:934683. [PMID: 36035133 PMCID: PMC9403517 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.934683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioma is the most prevalent malignant intracranial tumor. Many studies have shown that angiogenesis plays a crucial role in glioma tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) in glioma. Methods: RNA-sequencing data of glioma patients were obtained from TCGA and CGGA databases. Via consensus clustering analysis, ARGs in the sequencing data were distinctly classified into two subgroups. We performed univariate Cox regression analysis to determine prognostic differentially expressed ARGs and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression to construct a 14-ARG risk signature. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to explore immune cell infiltration, and the ESTIMATE algorithm was applied to calculate immune and stromal scores. Results: We found that the 14-ARG signature reflected the infiltration characteristics of different immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. Additionally, total tumor mutational burden increased significantly in the high-risk group. We combined the 14-ARG signature with patient clinicopathological data to construct a nomogram for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival with good accuracy. The predictive value of the prognostic model was verified in the CGGA cohort. SPP1 was a potential biomarker of glioma risk and was involved in the proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis of glioma cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, we established and validated a novel ARG risk signature that independently predicted the clinical outcomes of glioma patients and was associated with the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Run Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifu Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Li Zhang, ; Sheng Han,
| | - Sheng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Li Zhang, ; Sheng Han,
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Huang W, Zou L, Hao Z, Wang B, Mao F, Duan Q, Guo D. S645C Point Mutation Suppresses Degradation of EGFR to Promote Progression of Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:904383. [PMID: 35814475 PMCID: PMC9259983 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tightly controlled activity of EGFR is important for the homeostasis of self-renewal of human tissue. Mutations in the extracellular domain of EGFR are frequent and function as a novel mechanism for oncogenic EGFR activation in GBM, and impact the response of patients to small-molecule inhibitors. Methods We constructed glioblastoma cell lines stably expressing wild-type EGFR and the mutant of EGFR S645C. We detected cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We evaluated the anti-tumor activity and effectiveness of gefitinib and osimertinib in cells. Results In the present study, we identified an oncogenic substituted mutation of EGFR—S645C. The mutation can promote the proliferation and colony formation of glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the EGFR S645C mutation potentially changes the formation of hydrogen bonds within dimerized EGFR and inhibits the degradation of EGFR to prolong downstream signaling. The mutation induces resistance to gefitinib but presents an opportunity for osimertinib treatment. Conclusion The study indicated a novel oncogenic mutation and advises on the precise treatment of individual patients with the EGFR S645C mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaonian Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuhong Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Guo, ; Qiuhong Duan,
| | - Dongsheng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Guo, ; Qiuhong Duan,
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Ginsenoside compound K inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of Eca109 cell via VEGF-A/Pi3k/Akt pathway. J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 17:99. [PMID: 35505354 PMCID: PMC9066758 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-01846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Esophageal cancer, one of the most common cancers in the upper digestive tract and is one of the leading cancer-related mortality worldwide. Accumulating studies found that Ginsenoside compound K (CK) has significantly anti-tumor effects, especially in the suppression of proliferation, migration, as well as invasion in various human cancers. While the effects of Ginsenoside CK in esophageal cancer have not been well studied. In our present study, we aim to explore the functions and mechanisms of Ginsenoside CK in the progression of esophageal cancer cells (Eca109). METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, transwell and flow cytometry assays were applied to analyze the effects of Ginsenoside CK in the progression of Eca109 cell, western blot assay was used to investigate the potential downstream signaling pathway after Ginsenoside CK treatment. RESULTS Our study found that Ginsenoside CK can suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion of Eca109 cell. Furthermore, the flow cytometry showed that Ginsenoside CK increased of apoptosis rates in Eca109 cell. The western blot results indicated that Ginsenoside CK decreased the expression of VEGF-A, P-Pi3k and P-Akt proteins. Moreover, the knockdown of VEGF-A gene could suppress cell proliferation, migration, invasion and induce apoptosis in Eca109 cell, and the expression of P-Pi3k and P-Akt proteins were significantly downregulated. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that Ginsenoside CK inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis of Eca109 cell by blocking VEGF-A/Pi3k/Akt signaling pathway.
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Fu J, Tang Y, Zhang Z, Tong L, Yue R, Cai L. Gastrin exerts a protective effect against myocardial infarction via promoting angiogenesis. Mol Med 2021; 27:90. [PMID: 34412590 PMCID: PMC8375043 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00352-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is known that increased gastrin concentration is negatively correlated with cardiovascular mortality, and plasma gastrin levels are increased in patients after myocardial infarction (MI). However, whether gastrin can play a protective role in MI remains unknown. Methods Adult C57BL/6 mice were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and subcutaneous infusion of gastrin (120 μg/Kg body weight/day, 100 μL in the pump) for 28 days after MI. Plasma gastrin concentrations were measured through an ELISA detection kit. Mice were analyzed by echocardiography after surgery. CD31 and VEGF expression were quantified using immunofluorescence staining or/and western blot to assess the angiogenesis in peri-infarct myocardium. Capillary-like tube formation and cell migration assays were performed to detect gastrin-induced angiogenesis. Results We found that gastrin administration significantly ameliorated MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and reduced fibrosis at 28 days in post-MI hearts. Additionally, gastrin treatment significantly decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis and increased angiogenesis in the infarct border zone without influencing cardiomyocyte proliferation. In vitro results revealed that gastrin up-regulated the PI3K/Akt/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway and promoted migration and tube formation of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). Cholecystokinin 2 receptor (CCK2R) mediated the protective effect of gastrin since the CCK2R blocker CI988 attenuated the gastrin-mediated angiogenesis and cardiac function protection. Conclusion Our data revealed that gastrin promoted angiogenesis and improved cardiac function in post-MI mice, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjuan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjuan Tang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongchuan Yue
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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