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Wang Y, Ouyang S, Liu M, Si Q, Zhang X, Zhang X, Li J, Wang P, Ye H, Shi J, Song C, Wang K, Dai L. Humoral immune response to tumor-associated antigen Ubiquilin 1 (UBQLN1) and its tumor-promoting potential in lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:283. [PMID: 38431566 PMCID: PMC10908023 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12019-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the expression of UBQLN1 in lung cancer (LC) tissue and the diagnostic capability of autoantibody to UBQLN1 (anti-UBQLN1) in the detection of LC and the discrimination of pulmonary nodules (PNs). METHODS Sera from 798 participants were used to discover and validate the level of autoantibodies via HuProt microarray and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression analysis was applied to establish model. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect UBQLN1 expression in 88 LC tissues and 88 para-tumor tissues. qRT-PCR and western blotting were performed to detect the expression of UBQLN1 at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Trans-well assay and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to investigate the function of UBQLN1. RESULTS Anti-UBQLN1 was identified with the highest fold change by protein microarray. The level of anti-UBQLN1 in LC patients was obviously higher than that in NC or patients with benign lung disease of validation cohort 1 (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of anti-UBQLN1 was 0.610 (95%CI: 0.508-0.713) while reached at 0.822 (95%CI: 0.784-0.897) when combining anti-UBQLN1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1, CA125 and three CT indicators (vascular notch sign, lobulation sign and mediastinal lymph node enlargement) in the discrimination of PNs. UBQLN1 protein was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to para-tumor tissues. UBQLN1 knockdown remarkably inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of LUAD cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Anti-UBQLN1 might be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of LC and the discrimination of PNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Songyun Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Man Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiufang Si
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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Autoantibodies to PAX5, PTCH1, and GNA11 as Serological Biomarkers in the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hispanic Americans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043721. [PMID: 36835134 PMCID: PMC9959316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) may be used as efficient biomarkers with low-cost and highly sensitive characteristics. In this study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to analyze autoantibodies to paired box protein Pax-5 (PAX5), protein patched homolog 1 (PTCH1), and guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 (GNA11) in sera from Hispanic Americans including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), patients with chronic hepatitis (CH), as well as normal controls. Meanwhile, 33 serial sera from eight HCC patients before and after diagnosis were used to explore the potential of these three autoantibodies as early biomarkers. In addition, an independent non-Hispanic cohort was used to evaluate the specificity of these three autoantibodies. In the Hispanic cohort, at the 95.0% specificity for healthy controls, 52.0%, 44.0%, and 44.0% of HCC patients showed significantly elevated levels of autoantibodies to PAX5, PTCH1, and GNA11, respectively. Among patients with LC, the frequencies for autoantibodies to PAX5, PTCH1, and GNA11 were 32.1%, 35.7%, and 25.0%, respectively. The area under the ROC curves (AUCs) of autoantibodies to PAX5, PTCH1, and GNA11 for identifying HCC from healthy controls were 0.908, 0.924, and 0.913, respectively. When these three autoantibodies were combined as a panel, the sensitivity could be improved to 68%. The prevalence of PAX5, PTCH1, and GNA11 autoantibodies has already occurred in 62.5%, 62.5%, or 75.0% of patients before clinical diagnosis, respectively. In the non-Hispanic cohort, autoantibodies to PTCH1 showed no significant difference; however, autoantibodies to PAX5, PTCH1, and GNA11 showed potential value as biomarkers for early detection of HCC in the Hispanic population and they may monitor the transition of patients with high-risk (LC, CH) to HCC. Using a panel of the three anti-TAA autoantibodies may enhance the detection of HCC.
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Li W, Sun Y, Xu N. Application Value Analysis of Seven-Autoantibody Panel in the Lung Cancer Screening in Yunnan. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:2368155. [PMID: 35832243 PMCID: PMC9273362 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2368155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the application value of seven-autoantibody (anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, and anti-PGP9.5, anti-SOX2) in lung cancer (LC) screening in Yunnan. Methods The clinical data of 329 lung cancer patients and 202 nonlung cancer controls in the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from November 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The detection results of anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, anti-PGP9.5, and anti-SOX2 were collected. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to analyze the value of these seven-autoantibody in the detection of LC alone and in combination, and the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values were calculated. Results The levels of anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, anti-PGP9.5 and anti-SOX2 in LC patients were significantly higher than those in the controls, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The AUC of anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, anti-PGP9.5, and anti-SOX2 for the diagnosis of LC were 0.586 (95% CI: 0.537-0.634, P < 0.001), 0.620 (95% CI: 0.572-0.667, P < 0.001), 0.570 (95% CI: 0.521-0.619, P=0.007), 0.612 (95% CI: 0.563-0.660, P < 0.007) 0.001), 0.561 (95% CI: 0.510-0.611, P=0.019), 0.667 (95% CI: 0.619-0.715, P < 0.001), 0.587 (95% CI: 0.538-0.636, P < 0.001), respectively. The AUC of combined detection of LC was 0.719 (95% CI: 0.676-0.761, P < 0.001). The positive rate of the combined detection of seven-autoantibody in the LC group was 48.02% (158/329), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (13.86% (28/202)), the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 64.183, P < 0.001). Conclusion The individual detection and combined detection of the seven-autoantibody have a certain value in the diagnosis of LC in Yunnan, and it can provide a certain reference for clinical LC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrun Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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