1
|
Huang W, Jiang M, Lin Y, Qi Y, Li B. Crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages promotes OSCC cell migration and invasion through a CXCL1/EGF positive feedback loop. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:145. [PMID: 38713320 PMCID: PMC11076430 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and epithelial growth factor (EGF) are highly secreted by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and tumor-associated macrophages, respectively. Recent studies have shown that there is intricate "cross-talk" between OSCC cells and macrophages. However, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly elucidated. METHODS The expression of CXCL1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in OSCC clinical samples. CXCL1 levels were evaluated by RT‒PCR and ELISA in an OSCC cell line and a normal epithelial cell line. The expression of EGF was determined by RT‒PCR and ELISA. The effect of EGF on the proliferation of OSCC cells was evaluated by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. The effect of EGF on the migration and invasion ability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OSCC cells was determined by wound healing, Transwell, RT‒PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence assays. The polarization of macrophages was evaluated by RT‒PCR and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to study the molecular mechanism in OSCC. RESULTS The expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) was higher in the OSCC cell line (Cal27) than in immortalized human keratinocytes (Hacat cells). CXCL1 derived from Cal27 cells upregulates the expression of epithelial growth factor (EGF) in macrophages. Paracrine stimulation mediated by EGF further facilitates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of Cal27 cells and initiates the upregulation of CXCL1 in a positive feedback-manner. Mechanistically, EGF signaling-induced OSCC cell invasion and migration can be ascribed to the activation of NF-κB signaling mediated by the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), as determined by western blotting. CONCLUSIONS OSCC cell-derived CXCL1 can stimulate the M2 polarization of macrophages and the secretion of EGF. Moreover, EGF significantly activates NF-κB signaling and promotes the migration and invasion of OSCC cells in a paracrine manner. A positive feedback loop between OSCC cells and macrophages was formed, contributing to the promotion of OSCC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Mingjing Jiang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ying Qi
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Bo Li
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yan Q, Liu J, Liu Y, Wen Z, Jin D, Wang F, Gao L. Tumor-associated macrophage-derived exosomal miR21-5p promotes tumor angiogenesis by regulating YAP1/HIF-1α axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:179. [PMID: 38602536 PMCID: PMC11009780 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently received increasing attention as essential mediators of communication between tumor cells and their microenvironments. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a proangiogenic role in various tumors, especially head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and angiogenesis is closely related to tumor growth and metastasis. This research focused on exploring the mechanisms by which EVs derived from TAMs modulate tumor angiogenesis in HNSCC. Our results indicated that TAMs infiltration correlated positively with microvascular density in HNSCC. Then we collected and identified EVs from TAMs. In the microfluidic chip, TAMs derived EVs significantly enhanced the angiogenic potential of pHUVECs and successfully induced the formation of perfusable blood vessels. qPCR and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that EVs from TAMs transferred miR-21-5p to endothelial cells (ECs). And targeting miR-21-5p of TAMs could effectively inhibit TAM-EVs induced angiogenesis. Western blot and tube formation assays showed that miR-21-5p from TAM-EVs downregulated LATS1 and VHL levels but upregulated YAP1 and HIF-1α levels, and the inhibitors of YAP1 and HIF-1α could both reduce the miR-21-5p enhanced angiogenesis in HUVECs. The in vivo experiments further proved that miR-21-5p carried by TAM-EVs promoted the process of tumor angiogenesis via YAP1/HIF-1α axis in HNSCC. Conclusively, TAM-derived EVs transferred miR-21-5p to ECs to target the mRNA of LATS1 and VHL, which inhibited YAP1 phosphorylation and subsequently enhanced YAP1-mediated HIF-1α transcription and reduced VHL-mediated HIF-1α ubiquitination, contributing to angiogenesis in HNSCC. These findings present a novel regulatory mechanism of tumor angiogenesis, and miR-21-5p/YAP1/HIF-1α might be a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yan
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiding Liu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Wen
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Jin
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Kirkwood KL, Wang Y, Du W, Lin S, Zhou W, Yan C, Gao J, Li Z, Sun C, Liu F. Analysis of the effect of CCR7 on the microenvironment of mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma by single-cell RNA sequencing technology. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:94. [PMID: 38539232 PMCID: PMC10976828 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that CCR7, an important inflammatory factor, can promote the proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. This paper explores the role of CCR7 in the TME of OSCC. METHODS In this work, we constructed CCR7 gene knockout mice and OSCC mouse models. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bioinformatics were used to analyze the differences in the OSCC microenvironment between three CCR7 gene knockout mice (KO) and three wild-type mice (WT). Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry were used to analyze the expression of key genes in significantly different cell types between the KO and WT groups. An in vitro experiment was used to verify the effect of CCR7 on M2 macrophage polarization. RESULTS In the mouse OSCC models, the tumor growth rate in the KO group was significantly lower than that in the WT group. Eight main cell types (including tumor cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, granulocytes, T cells, endothelial cells, monocytes, and B cells) were identified by Seurat analysis. The scRNA-seq results showed that the proportion of tumor cells was lower, but the proportion of inflammatory cells was significantly higher in the KO group than in the WT group. CellPhoneDB analysis results indicated a strong interaction relationship between tumor cells and macrophages, T cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Functional enrichment results indicated that the expression level of the Dusp1 gene in the KO group was generally higher than that in the WT group in various cell types. Macrophage subclustering results indicated that the proportion of M2 macrophages in the KO group was lower than that in the WT group. In vitro experimental results showed that CCR7 can promote M2 macrophage polarization, thus promoting the proliferation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS CCR7 gene knockout can significantly inhibit the growth of mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma by promoting the polarization of M2 macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengxu Wang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Keith L Kirkwood
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, NY, Buffalo, 14214-8006, USA
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Du
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanfeng Lin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanhang Zhou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Gao
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenning Li
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Changfu Sun
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Fayu Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, 117 Nanjing North Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yashaswini CN, Qin T, Bhattacharya D, Amor C, Lowe S, Lujambio A, Wang S, Friedman SL. Phenotypes and ontogeny of senescent hepatic stellate cells in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)00197-1. [PMID: 38508241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the key drivers of fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), the fastest growing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. HSCs are heterogenous, and a senescent subset of HSCs is implicated in hepatic fibrosis and HCC. Administration of anti-uPAR (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor) CAR T cells has been shown to deplete senescent HSCs and attenuate fibrosis in murine models. However, the comprehensive features of senescent HSCs in MASH, as well as their cellular ontogeny have not been characterized; hence, we aimed to comprehensively characterize and define the origin of HSCs in human and murine MASH. METHODS To comprehensively characterize the phenotype and ontogeny of senescent HSCs in human and murine MASH, we integrated senescence-associated beta galactosidase activity with immunostaining, flow cytometry and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNAseq). We integrated the immunohistochemical profile with a senescence score applied to snRNAseq data to characterize senescent HSCs and mapped the evolution of uPAR expression in MASH. RESULTS Using pseudotime trajectory analysis, we establish that senescent HSCs arise from activated HSCs. While uPAR is expressed in MASH, the magnitude and cell-specificity of its expression evolve with disease stage. In early disease, uPAR is more specific to activated and senescent HSCs, while it is also expressed by myeloid-lineage cells, including Trem2+ macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, in late disease. Furthermore, we identify novel surface proteins expressed on senescent HSCs in human and murine MASH that could be exploited as therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS These data define features of HSC senescence in human and murine MASH, establishing an important blueprint to target these cells as part of future antifibrotic therapies. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary drivers of scarring in chronic liver diseases. As injury develops, a subset of HSCs become senescent; these cells are non-proliferative and pro-inflammatory, thereby contributing to worsening liver injury. Here we show that senescent HSCs are expanded in MASH (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis) in humans and mice, and we trace their cellular origin from the activated HSC subset. We further characterize expression of uPAR (urokinase plasminogen activated receptor), a protein that marks senescent HSCs, and report that uPAR is also expressed by activated HSCs in early injury, and in immune cells as liver injury advances. We have integrated high-resolution single-nucleus RNA sequencing with immunostaining and flow cytometry to identify five other novel proteins expressed by senescent HSCs, including mannose receptor CD206, which will facilitate future therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chittampalli N Yashaswini
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Medical Scientist Training Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tianyue Qin
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dipankar Bhattacharya
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Corina Amor
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
| | - Scott Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shuang Wang
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang L, Wang C, Tao Z, Zhu W, Su Y, Choi WS. Tumor-associated macrophages facilitate oral squamous cell carcinomas migration and invasion by MIF/NLRP3/IL-1β circuit: A crosstalk interrupted by melatonin. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166695. [PMID: 36958712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Invasion and migration are significant challenges for treatment of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) interact with cancer cells and are involved in tumor progression. Our recent study demonstrated that melatonin inhibits OSCC invasion and migration; however, the mechanism by which melatonin influences crosstalk between TAMs and OSCCs is poorly understood. In this study, a co-culture system was established to explore the interactions between human monocytic cells (THP-1 cells) and human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC-15 cells). The results were verified using monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) isolated and differentiated from primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In vivo, assays were performed to confirm the anticancer effects of melatonin. SCC-15 cells co-cultured with THP-1 cells or MDMs exhibited increased migration and invasion, which was reversed by melatonin. Co-culture also increased the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), CD40, CD163 and IL-1β, and these changes were also reversed by melatonin. Moreover, IL-1β secretion in THP-1 cells was MIF- and NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)-dependent, and treated with IL-1β enhanced the invasion and migration of SCC-15 cells. Furthermore, melatonin treatment significantly decreased tumor volumes and weights, and tumors from mice treated with melatonin had lower levels of MIF, NLRP3, and IL-1β than tumor from control mice. These results demonstrate that macrophages facilitate the progression of OSCCs by promoting the MIF/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling axis, which can be interrupted by melatonin. Therefore, melatonin could act as an alternative anticancer agent for OSCCs by targeting this signaling axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Wang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chuan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuoying Tao
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wangyong Zhu
- Department of Dental Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxiong Su
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Shan Choi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weber M, Lutz R, Olmos M, Glajzer J, Baran C, Nobis CP, Möst T, Eckstein M, Kesting M, Ries J. Beyond PD-L1—Identification of Further Potential Therapeutic Targets in Oral Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071812. [PMID: 35406584 PMCID: PMC8997752 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor immunotherapy is rapidly evolving and approved for the treatment of advanced OSCC cases. In addition, the currently observed shift in the use of checkpoint inhibitors from palliative to neoadjuvant treatment may improve survival. However, not all patients respond to currently applied immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, further immune targets for therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. However, there are limited data on immune checkpoint expression in OSCC. This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis of a large number of immune modulators in OSCC compared with healthy controls by NanoString mRNA analysis in order to identify possible targets for therapeutic applications. We were able to ascertain several cellular markers, checkpoints and their correlation, as well as their association with histomorphological parameters. Hence, the study contributes to the understanding of immune escape in OSCC and reveals potential targets for immunotherapy of oral cancer. Abstract Background: The involvement of immune cell infiltration and immune regulation in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is shown. Anti-PD-1 therapy is approved for the treatment of advanced OSCC cases, but not all patients respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Hence, further targets for therapeutic approaches are needed. The number of identified cellular receptors with immune checkpoint function is constantly increasing. This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis of a large number of immune checkpoints in OSCC in order to identify possible targets for therapeutic application. Materials and Methods: A NanoString mRNA analysis was performed to assess the expression levels of 21 immune regulatory checkpoint molecules in OSCC tissue (n = 98) and healthy oral mucosa (NOM; n = 41). The expression rates were compared between the two groups, and their association with prognostic parameters was determined. Additionally, relevant correlations between the expression levels of different checkpoints were examined. Results: In OSCC tissue, significantly increased expression of CD115, CD163, CD68, CD86, CD96, GITRL, CD28 and PD-L1 was detected. Additionally, a marginally significant increase in CD8 expression was observed. BTLA and PD-1 levels were substantially increased, but the differential expression was not statistically significant. The expression of CD137L was significantly downregulated in OSCC compared to NOM. Correlations between immune checkpoint expression levels were demonstrated, and some occurred specifically in OSCC tissue. Conclusions: The upregulation of inhibitory receptors and ligands and the downregulation of activators could contribute to reduced effector T-cell function and could induce local immunosuppression in OSCC. Increased expression of activating actors of the immune system could be explained by the increased infiltration of myeloid cells and T-cells in OSCC tissue. The analysis contributes to the understanding of immune escape in OSCC and reveals potential targets for oral cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Lutz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuel Olmos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jacek Glajzer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Baran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher-Philipp Nobis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Möst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (M.W.); (R.L.); (M.O.); (J.G.); (C.B.); (C.-P.N.); (T.M.); (M.K.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-854-43775
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hasan A, Rizvi SF, Parveen S, Pathak N, Nazir A, Mir SS. Crosstalk Between ROS and Autophagy in Tumorigenesis: Understanding the Multifaceted Paradox. Front Oncol 2022; 12:852424. [PMID: 35359388 PMCID: PMC8960719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.852424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer formation is a highly regulated and complex process, largely dependent on its microenvironment. This complexity highlights the need for developing novel target-based therapies depending on cancer phenotype and genotype. Autophagy, a catabolic process, removes damaged and defective cellular materials through lysosomes. It is activated in response to stress conditions such as nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is induced by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are multifaceted molecules that drive several pathophysiological conditions, including cancer. Moreover, autophagy also plays a dual role, initially inhibiting tumor formation but promoting tumor progression during advanced stages. Mounting evidence has suggested an intricate crosstalk between autophagy and ROS where they can either suppress cancer formation or promote disease etiology. This review highlights the regulatory roles of autophagy and ROS from tumor induction to metastasis. We also discuss the therapeutic strategies that have been devised so far to combat cancer. Based on the review, we finally present some gap areas that could be targeted and may provide a basis for cancer suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Suroor Fatima Rizvi
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sana Parveen
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Neelam Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. RML Avadh University, Faizabad, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Molecular Toxicology, Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Snober S Mir
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yan J, Yu W, Lu C, Liu C, Wang G, Jiang L, Jiang Z, Qin Z. High ORAI3 expression correlates with good prognosis in human muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Gene 2022; 808:145994. [PMID: 34626722 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of store-operated calcium channels (SOCCs) in tumor initiation and metastatic dissemination has been extensively studied, but how its member ORAI3 influences tumor progression is still elusive. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of ORAI3 expression and examine the correlation between ORAI3 expression and immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME) in human muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We examined the expression profile of ORAI3 in MIBC using data from two databases; analyzed the correlation between ORAI3 expression and patient survival; explored cellular pathways related to ORAI3 expression by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA); and predicted potential drugs using Connectivity Map (CMap). ORAI3 was significantly lower expressed in tumor mass compared to normal samples in MIBC, with a higher level of methylation at the promoter region in tumor than in normal tissue, indicating that ORAI3 is suppressed during cancer progression. Survival analysis showed that higher expression of ORAI3 correlated with good prognosis in MIBC. GSEA demonstrated that ORAI3 expression inversely correlated with cell differentiation, development and gene silencing, with differential expression of genes involved in epidermal and keratinocyte differentiation pathways and inflammatory responses. RNA sequencing of an ORAI3-silenced human bladder cancer cell line (T24 cells) corroborated enhancement of pro-neoplastic pathways in absence of ORAI3. Western blottingMoreover, ORAI3 facilitated the recruitment of Th17 cells and natural killer cells, whereas hampered Th2 and macrophage infiltration. Our results revealed 4 molecules with potential to be beneficial as adjuvant drugs in MIBC treatment. We concluded that high ORAI3 expression correlates with increased survival in human MIBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zizheng Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zheng Qin
- Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zinovkin DA, Kose SY, Nadyrov EA, Achinovich SL, Los' DM, Gavrilenko TE, Gavrilenko DI, Yuzugulen J, Pranjol MZI. Potential role of tumor-infiltrating T-, B-lymphocytes, tumor-associated macrophages and IgA-secreting plasma cells in long-term survival in the rectal adenocarcinoma patients. Life Sci 2021; 286:120052. [PMID: 34656554 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Many studies investigated the associations between the role of immune cells of rectal cancer microenvironment and survival during the first 5 years post-surgery. This is problematic as this disease has the potential to progress even after 5 years after relapse and infiltrating immune cells could play key roles. Therefore, this retrospective study investigates expression and roles of tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TIL-T), tumor-infiltrating B-lymphocytes (TILB), IgA+ plasma cells (IgA+ PC) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in patients with or without progression over 5 years survival with rectal adenocarcinoma. MAIN METHODS Here we used immunohistochemical staining of CD3, CD20, IgA, CD68 positive cells and its detection in rectal cancer stroma. Data was analyzed using Mann Whitney U test, ROC, survival and Cox's regression analysis. KEY FINDINGS The number of TIL-T (p = 0.0276), TIL-B (p < 0.0001) and IgA+ PC (p = 0.015) immune cells was significantly higher in rectal cancer stroma of patients with favorable outcome. Univariate Cox's regression analysis revealed a predictive role of TIL-T (HR = 0.482; 95% CI, 0.303 to 0.704; p < 0.0001), TIL-B (HR = 0.301; 95% CI, 0.198 to 0.481; p < 0.0001) and IgA+-PC (HR = 0.488; 95% CI, 0.322 to 0.741; p < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox's regression analysis showed prognostic role of TIL-B (HR = 0.940; 95% CI, 0.914 to 0.968; p < 0.0001) and IgA+-PC (HR = 0.985; 95% CI, 0.975 to 0.996; p = 0.006) play role in long time survival. SIGNIFICANCE CD20+ TIL-B and IgA+ cells have significant associations with long -term survival of patients with rectal cancer, with potential therapeutic intervention in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Zinovkin
- Department of Pathology, Gomel State Medical University, 246000 Gomel, Belarus.
| | - Suheyla Y Kose
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Eldar A Nadyrov
- Department of Pathology, Gomel State Medical University, 246000 Gomel, Belarus
| | - Sergey L Achinovich
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Gomel Regional Clinical Oncological Hospital, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Dmitry M Los'
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Gomel Regional Clinical Oncological Hospital, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Tatyana E Gavrilenko
- Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Dmitry I Gavrilenko
- Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, Belarus
| | - Jale Yuzugulen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
| | | |
Collapse
|