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Cao K, Wang X, Wang H, Xu C, Ma A, Zhang Y, Zheng M, Xu Y, Tang L. Phenotypic and functional exhaustion of circulating CD3 + CD56 + NKT-like cells in colorectal cancer patients. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23525. [PMID: 38430373 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301743r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
CD3+ CD56+ NKT-like cells are crucial to antitumor immune surveillance and defense. However, research on circulating NKT-like cells in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is limited. This investigation selected 113 patients diagnosed with primary CRC for preoperative peripheral blood collection. The blood from 106 healthy donors at the physical examination center was acquired as a healthy control (HC). The distribution of lymphocyte subsets, immunophenotype, and functional characteristics of NKT-like cells was comprehensively evaluated. Compared to HC, primary CRC patients had considerably fewer peripheral NKT-like cells in frequency and absolute quantity, and the fraction of NKT-like cells was further reduced in patients with vascular invasion compared to those without. The NKT-like cells in CRC patients had a reduced fraction of the activating receptor CD16, up-regulated expression of inhibitory receptors LAG-3 and NKG2A, impaired production of TNF-α and IFN-γ, as well as degranulation capacity. Moreover, the increased frequency of NKG2A+ NKT-like cells and the decreased expression of activation-related molecules were significantly correlated with tumor progression. In detail, NKG2A+ NKT-like cells indicated increased PD-1 and Tim-3 and reduced TNF-α than NKG2A- subgroup. Blocking NKG2A in vitro restored cytokine secretion capacity in NKT-like cells from CRC patients. Altogether, this research revealed that circulating NKT-like cells in CRC patients exhibited suppressive phenotype and functional impairment, which was more pronounced in NKG2A+ NKT-like cells. These findings suggest that NKG2A blockade may restore anti-tumor effector function in NKT-like cells, which provides a potential target for immunotherapy in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangli Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cairui Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Along Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuntao Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meijuan Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Liu G, Bao L, Chen C, Xu J, Cui X. The implication of mesenteric functions and the biological effects of nanomaterials on the mesentery. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:12868-12879. [PMID: 37492026 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02494f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of nanomaterials are being broadly used in food-related fields as well as therapeutics. Oral exposure to these widespread nanomaterials is inevitable, with the intestine being a major target organ. Upon encountering the intestine, these nanoparticles can cross the intestinal barrier, either bypassing cells or via endocytosis pathways to enter the adjacent mesentery. The intricate structure of the mesentery and its entanglement with the abdominal digestive organs determine the final fate of nanomaterials in the human body. Importantly, mesentery-governed dynamic processes determine the distribution and subsequent biological effects of nanomaterials that cross the intestine, thus there is a need to understand how nanomaterials interact with the mesentery. This review presents the recent progress in understanding the mesenteric structure and function and highlights the importance of the mesentery in health and disease, with a focus on providing new insights and research directions around the biological effects of nanomaterials on the mesentery. A thorough comprehension of the interactions between nanomaterials and the mesentery will facilitate the design of safer nanomaterial-containing products and the development of more effective nanomedicines to combat intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Xuejing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong, China
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Waidhauser J, Nerlinger P, Sommer F, Wolf S, Eser S, Löhr P, Rank A, Märkl B. Circulating Lymphocytes Reflect the Local Immune Response in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061408. [PMID: 35741218 PMCID: PMC9221878 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) correlate with the number and size of the surrounding lymph nodes in patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and reflect the quality of the antitumor immune response. In this prospective study, we analyzed whether this response correlated with the circulating lymphocytes in peripheral blood (PB). In 47 patients with newly diagnosed CRC, flow cytometry was performed to analyze the B cells, T cells, NK cells, and a variety of their subsets in PB. The results were correlated with TILs in the resected tumor and with the number and size of the surrounding lymph nodes in nodal negative (N- patients (LN5: number of lymph nodes measuring ≥5 mm) and the metastasis-to-lymph node size ratio (MSR) in nodal positive patients (N+). Differences between the number of TILs could be seen between N+ and N- patients, dependent on the LN5 and MSR categories, with higher values in N- cases and in patients with a higher LN5 category or a lower MSR. Additionally, higher values of various circulating lymphocyte subgroups were observed in these patients. For the total PB lymphocytes, CD8 cells, and some of their subgroups, a positive correlation with the TILs was found. This study shows that circulating lymphocytes—in particular, cytotoxic T cells—correlate with the local antitumor immune response displayed by TILs and lymph node activation. Our findings indicate that local and generalized antitumor immune responses are concordant with their different components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Waidhauser
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.N.); (P.L.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pia Nerlinger
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.N.); (P.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Florian Sommer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (F.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (F.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Stefan Eser
- Department of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Phillip Löhr
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.N.); (P.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Andreas Rank
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany; (P.N.); (P.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Bruno Märkl
- General Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany;
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