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Madeira M, Fernandes C, Filipe H. Nivolumab-associated immune-related filamentary keratitis. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e258013. [PMID: 38688575 PMCID: PMC11085679 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-258013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A woman in her late 50s presented to the ophthalmology clinic having bilateral eye pain and discharge for the last month. Her medical history was significant for lung adenocarcinoma, for which she was being treated with nivolumab. Filamentary keratitis was evident at the slit-lamp examination. Regardless of ophthalmic reasons, nivolumab was suspended. Prednisolone ointment was started, with a complete remission. We present a case of steroid-responsive filamentary keratitis triggered by nivolumab. We aim to highlight the importance of prompt ophthalmology referral and the use of therapies targeting ocular surface inflammation in immune checkpoint inhibition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Madeira
- Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Filipe
- Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal
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Liu YT, Lin CW, Sun CC, Shao SC, Chen NN. Bilateral keratitis associated with afatinib therapy. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2024; 14:121-124. [PMID: 38654991 PMCID: PMC11034688 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo-d-24-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This case discussed a significant ocular side effect, bilateral keratitis, which could be induced by afatinib, an irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). We explored the disease progression of a 52-year-old, stage IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma male patient, who was under afatinib treatment and had experienced progressive bilateral eye dryness and tenderness on increasing afatinib from 40 mg every other day to 40 mg daily. Clinical examination noted bilateral visual acuity reduction, diffuse superficial punctate keratopathy in the right eye, and a central epithelial defect in the left eye. Seidel test results were negative for both eyes, with no corneal infiltration, lagophthalmos, anterior chamber cell precipitation, or retinal lesion. Symptoms subsequently resolved after reducing the frequency of afatinib used, along with intensive ocular hydration. In summary, this case highlighted afatinib's potential link to bilateral keratitis, and early afatinib dose adjustment with supportive medication could significantly reverse the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Tung Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Ni Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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González de los Mártires P, Guerrero Pérez G, Gangoitia Gorrotxategi N, Garmendia IS, Olazaran Gamboa L, Jiménez Alonso A, Berástegui Arbeloa L. Bilateral Paracentral Corneal Melting and Left-Eye Perforation under Tobemstomig Novel Treatment. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2024; 15:108-114. [PMID: 38299081 PMCID: PMC10830136 DOI: 10.1159/000536103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We present a rare occurrence of bilateral corneal melting and a left-eye corneal perforation in an oncologic patient undergoing a new biological therapy. Case Presentation A 63-year-old male with a two-day history of a painful left red eye and bilateral visual impairment was enrolled in a multicenter phase-II study comparing tobemstomig/RO7247669, a PD1-LAG3 bispecific antibody, with nivolumab. Clinical examination revealed a bilateral central corneal thinning, and corneal OCT imaging indicated a significant stromal thinning of 124 μm in the right eye and a central corneal perforation of 286 μm in the left eye. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical intervention involving an autologous partial scleral patch with a Gundersen conjunctival flap in the left eye, alongside a comprehensive topical and systemic treatment regimen. Due to this immune-related adverse event, the patient was excluded from the clinical trial subsequently later revealing he had been on the bispecific treatment. Conclusion While immune checkpoint inhibitors hold promise in oncology, they can lead to ocular surface issues, including dry-eye keratitis and, in severe cases, anterior segment thinning culminating in corneal perforation. Timely withdrawal of immunotherapy, coupled with multi-level treatment involving anti-inflammatory and corneal healing approaches, is crucial. In cases of corneal perforation, surgical intervention such as cyanoacrylate application or tectonic surgery becomes imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo González de los Mártires
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital de Calahorra, Calahorra (La Rioja), Spain
| | - Gonzalo Guerrero Pérez
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital de Calahorra, Calahorra (La Rioja), Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ana Jiménez Alonso
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Bratei AA, Stefan-van Staden RI. Minimally Invasive and Fast Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer Based on Maspin Levels in Different Biological Samples. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13111857. [PMID: 37296710 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Human SERPINB5, commonly known as maspin, has diverse functions as a tumor suppressor. Maspin has a novel role in cell cycle control, and common variants were discovered to be associated with gastric cancer (GC). Maspin was proven to also affect the EMT and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells via the ITGB1/FAK pathway. Information about the maspin concentrations correlated with different pathological features of the patients may facilitate the fast diagnosis and personalized treatment of patients. The novelty of this study is given by the correlations established for the maspin levels in different biological features and clinicopathological features. These correlations can be extremely useful for surgeons and oncologists. (2) Patients and methods: Patients with clinical and pathological features, given the small number of samples available for this study, were selected from the database of the project GRAPHSENSGASTROINTES, and used in accordance with the Ethics Committee approval nr. 32,647/2018 awarded by the County Emergency Hospital from Targu-Mures. Stochastic microsensors were used as new screening tools for the determination of the concentration of maspin in four types of samples: tumoral tissues, blood, saliva and urine. (3) Results: The results obtained using the stochastic sensors were correlated with those tabulated in the clinical and pathological database. A series of assumptions regarding the values and practice important features for surgeons and pathologists were made. (4) Conclusions: This study provided a few assumptions regarding the correlations between the values of maspin levels in the analyzed samples and the clinical and pathological features. These results may be useful as preoperative investigations in order to help surgeons localize, approximate and choose the best treatment. These correlations may facilitate minim invasive and fast diagnosis of gastric cancer based on reliable detection of maspin concentration in biological samples (tumoral tissues, blood, saliva and urine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Adrian Bratei
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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Bratei AA, Stefan-van Staden RI. Correlation between Maspin Levels in Different Biological Samples and Pathologic Features in Colorectal Adenocarcinomas. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041060. [PMID: 37109589 PMCID: PMC10143283 DOI: 10.3390/life13041060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Maspin is an important biomarker which was proven to be correlated to many pathological features that can help the oncologists, the surgeons and also the pathologists for choosing the personalized treatment of the patients. Maspin expression correlates with the budding of colorectal adenocarcinomas that is usually used mostly in immunohistochemistry. In this preliminary study, a small number of patients with clinical and pathological features were selected. Four kinds of samples (tumoral tissues, blood, saliva and urine) were analyzed using a stochastic method using stochastic microsensors. Whole blood maspin concentration values were related to budding, molecular subtype and location. Tissular maspin concentrations were related to location, maxi-mum diameter and pN value from TNM staging system. Salivary maspin concentrations were related to budding, mucinous compound and macroscopic features. Urinary maspin concentrations were related to pT value from TNM staging system, budding and molecular subtype. The correlations made in this paper may be used for fast diagnostic of colorectal adenocarcinomas, after which, it will be tested on a significant number of patients confirmed with colon cancer, in different stages of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Adrian Bratei
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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Sun L, Meng C, Zhang X, Gao J, Wei P, Zhang J, Zhang Z. Management and prediction of immune-related adverse events for PD1/PDL-1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1167670. [PMID: 37188271 PMCID: PMC10176603 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1167670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein (PD-1) is an important immunosuppressive molecule, which can inhibit interaction between PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1, further enhancing the T cell response and anti-tumor activity, which is called immune checkpoint blockade. Immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors, has opened up a new era of tumor treatment and is gradually being applied to colorectal cancer recently. Immunotherapy was reported could achieve a high objective response rate (ORR) for colorectal cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI), thus opening up a new era of colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Along with the increasing use of PD1 drugs in colorectal cancer, we should pay more attention to the adverse effects of these immune drugs while seeing the hope. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by immune activation and immune homeostasis during anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy can affect multi-organ and even be fatal in serious cases. Therefore, understanding irAEs is essential for their early detection and appropriate management. In this article, we review the irAEs that occur during the treatment of colorectal cancer patients with PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, analyze the current controversies and challenges, and point out future directions that should be explored, including exploring efficacy predictive markers and optimizing the paradigm of individualized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiale Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyu Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Zhang, ; Zhongtao Zhang,
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Zhang, ; Zhongtao Zhang,
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