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Salmerón-Bárcenas EG, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Torres-Rojas FI, Antonio-Véjar V, Ávila-López PA, Baños-Hernández CJ, Núñez-Martínez HN, Dircio-Maldonado R, Martínez-Carrillo DN, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Jiménez-Wences H. TET Enzymes and 5hmC Levels in Carcinogenesis and Progression of Breast Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:272. [PMID: 38203443 PMCID: PMC10779134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer (BC) was the most common female cancer in incidence and mortality worldwide in 2020. Similarly, BC was the top female cancer in the USA in 2022. Risk factors include earlier age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, hormone replacement therapy, high body mass index, and mutations in BRCA1/2 genes, among others. BC is classified into Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-like, and Basal-like subtypes. These BC subtypes present differences in gene expression signatures, which can impact clinical behavior, treatment response, aggressiveness, metastasis, and survival of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the epigenetic molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation in BC, such as DNA demethylation. Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET) enzymes catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) on DNA, which in turn inhibits or promotes the gene expression. Interestingly, the expression of TET enzymes as well as the levels of the 5hmC epigenetic mark are altered in several types of human cancers, including BC. Several studies have demonstrated that TET enzymes and 5hmC play a key role in the regulation of gene expression in BC, directly (dependent or independent of DNA de-methylation) or indirectly (via interaction with other proteins such as transcription factors). In this review, we describe our recent understanding of the regulatory and physiological function of the TET enzymes, as well as their potential role as biomarkers in BC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Genaro Salmerón-Bárcenas
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México C.P. 07360, Mexico; (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.)
| | - Ana Elvira Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (V.A.-V.); (J.O.-O.)
| | - Francisco Israel Torres-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (V.A.-V.); (J.O.-O.)
| | - Verónica Antonio-Véjar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (V.A.-V.); (J.O.-O.)
| | - Pedro Antonio Ávila-López
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México C.P. 07360, Mexico; (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.)
| | - Christian Johana Baños-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara C. P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Hober Nelson Núñez-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C. P. 04510, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Dircio-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (R.D.-M.); (D.N.M.-C.)
| | - Dinorah Nashely Martínez-Carrillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (R.D.-M.); (D.N.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (V.A.-V.); (J.O.-O.)
| | - Hilda Jiménez-Wences
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (R.D.-M.); (D.N.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C. P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
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Xu ZH, Niu Z, Liu Y, Liu PL, Lin XL, Zhang L, Chen L, Song Y, Sun R, Zhang HL. TET1-TRPV4 Signaling Contributes to Bone Cancer Pain in Rats. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040644. [PMID: 37190609 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain (BCP) is excruciating for cancer patients, with limited clinical treatment options and significant side effects, due to the complex and unclear pathogenesis of bone cancer pain. Peripheral sensitization in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons is a recognized cellular mechanism for bone cancer pain. The pathological mechanism of chronic pain is increasingly being affected by epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we unbiasedly showed that the DNA hydroxymethylase ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) expression was significantly increased in the L4-6 DRG of BCP rats and ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) expression did not change significantly. Notably, TET1 inhibition by intrathecal injection of Bobcat339 (a TET1 inhibitor) effectively relieved mechanical hyperalgesia in BCP rats. Peripheral sensitization in chronic pain relies on the activation and overexpression of ion channels on neurons. Here, we demonstrated that TRPV4, one of the transient receptor potential ion channel family members, was significantly elevated in the L4-6 DRG of BCP rats. In addition, TRPV4 inhibition by intrathecal injection of HC067047 (a TRPV4 inhibitor) also significantly attenuated mechanical hyperalgesia in BCP rats. Interestingly, we found that TET1 inhibition downregulated TRPV4 expression in the L4-6 DRG of BCP rats. As a result, these findings suggested that TET1 may contribute to bone cancer pain by upregulating TRPV4 expression in the L4-6 DRG of BCP rats and that TET1 or TRPV4 may become therapeutic targets for bone cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Xu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Zheng Niu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Pei-Lin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Xiao-Long Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Long Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Yu Song
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Ren Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Hai-Long Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Maksimova VP, Usalka OG, Makus YV, Popova VG, Trapeznikova ES, Khayrieva GI, Sagitova GR, Zhidkova EM, Prus AY, Yakubovskaya MG, Kirsanov KI. Aberrations of DNA methylation in cancer. ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.17650/2313-805x-2022-9-4-24-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a chromatin modification that plays an important role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Changes in DNA methylation patterns are characteristic of many malignant neoplasms. DNA methylation is occurred by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), while demethylation is mediated by TET family proteins. Mutations and changes in the expression profile of these enzymes lead to DNA hypo- and hypermethylation and have a strong impact on carcinogenesis. In this review, we considered the key aspects of the mechanisms of regulation of DNA methylation and demethylation, and also analyzed the role of DNA methyltransferases and TET family proteins in the pathogenesis of various malignant neoplasms.During the preparation of the review, we used the following biomedical literature information bases: Scopus (504), PubMed (553), Web of Science (1568), eLibrary (190). To obtain full-text documents, the electronic resources of PubMed Central (PMC), Science Direct, Research Gate, CyberLeninka were used. To analyze the mutational profile of epigenetic regulatory enzymes, we used the cBioportal portal (https://www.cbioportal.org / ), data from The AACR Project GENIE Consortium (https://www.mycancergenome.org / ), COSMIC, Clinvar, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
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Affiliation(s)
- V. P. Maksimova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - O. G. Usalka
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - Yu. V. Makus
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
| | - V. G. Popova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
| | - E. S. Trapeznikova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - G. I. Khayrieva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - G. R. Sagitova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - E. M. Zhidkova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - A. Yu. Prus
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; MIREA – Russian Technological University
| | - M. G. Yakubovskaya
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - K. I. Kirsanov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
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Buocikova V, Tyciakova S, Pilalis E, Mastrokalou C, Urbanova M, Matuskova M, Demkova L, Medova V, Longhin EM, Rundén-Pran E, Dusinska M, Rios-Mondragon I, Cimpan MR, Gabelova A, Soltysova A, Smolkova B, Chatziioannou A. Decitabine-induced DNA methylation-mediated transcriptomic reprogramming in human breast cancer cell lines; the impact of DCK overexpression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:991751. [PMID: 36278182 PMCID: PMC9585938 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.991751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Decitabine (DAC), a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, is tested in combination with conventional anticancer drugs as a treatment option for various solid tumors. Although epigenome modulation provides a promising avenue in treating resistant cancer types, more studies are required to evaluate its safety and ability to normalize the aberrant transcriptional profiles. As deoxycytidine kinase (DCK)-mediated phosphorylation is a rate-limiting step in DAC metabolic activation, we hypothesized that its intracellular overexpression could potentiate DAC’s effect on cell methylome and thus increase its therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, two breast cancer cell lines, JIMT-1 and T-47D, differing in their molecular characteristics, were transfected with a DCK expression vector and exposed to low-dose DAC (approximately IC20). Although transfection resulted in a significant DCK expression increase, further enhanced by DAC exposure, no transfection-induced changes were found at the global DNA methylation level or in cell viability. In parallel, an integrative approach was applied to decipher DAC-induced, methylation-mediated, transcriptomic reprogramming. Besides large-scale hypomethylation, accompanied by up-regulation of gene expression across the entire genome, DAC also induced hypermethylation and down-regulation of numerous genes in both cell lines. Interestingly, TET1 and TET2 expression halved in JIMT-1 cells after DAC exposure, while DNMTs’ changes were not significant. The protein digestion and absorption pathway, containing numerous collagen and solute carrier genes, ranking second among membrane transport proteins, was the top enriched pathway in both cell lines when hypomethylated and up-regulated genes were considered. Moreover, the calcium signaling pathway, playing a significant role in drug resistance, was among the top enriched in JIMT-1 cells. Although low-dose DAC demonstrated its ability to normalize the expression of tumor suppressors, several oncogenes were also up-regulated, a finding, that supports previously raised concerns regarding its broad reprogramming potential. Importantly, our research provides evidence about the involvement of active demethylation in DAC-mediated transcriptional reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verona Buocikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Tyciakova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Maria Urbanova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Matuskova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Demkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Medova
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Elise Rundén-Pran
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | | | | | - Alena Gabelova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Soltysova
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Bozena Smolkova,
| | - Aristotelis Chatziioannou
- e-NIOS Applications P.C., Athens, Greece
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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