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Gao X, Bu T, Wang W, Xu Y. Comparative Analysis and Future Prospects of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and Trophoblast Cell-Surface Antigen 2 (Trop-2) Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Breast Cancer Treatment. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2024; 16:621-630. [PMID: 39310781 PMCID: PMC11416103 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s480796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women globally, presenting significant challenges in therapeutic strategies due to tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and adverse side effects. Recent advances in targeted therapies, particularly antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), have shown promise in addressing these challenges by selectively targeting tumor cells while sparing normal tissues. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of two innovative ADCs targeting HER2 and Trop-2, which are critical markers in various breast cancer subtypes. These conjugates combine potent cytotoxic drugs with specific antibodies, leveraging the antigens' differential expression to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity. Our comparative analysis highlights the clinical applications, efficacy, and safety profiles of these ADCs, drawing on data from recent clinical trials. In addition, the paper discusses the potential of these ADCs in treating other types of cancers where HER2 and Trop-2 are expressed, as well as the toxicity risks associated with targeting these antigens in normal cells. Additionally, the paper discusses novel synthetic drugs that show potential in preclinical models, focusing on their mechanisms of action and therapeutic advantages over traditional chemotherapy. The findings underscore the transformative impact of targeted ADCs in breast cancer treatment, noting significant advancements in patient outcomes and management of side effects. However, ongoing issues such as resistance mechanisms and long-term safety remain challenges. The conclusion offers a forward-looking perspective on potential improvements and the future trajectory of ADC research. This study not only elucidates the current landscape of ADCs in breast cancer but also sets the stage for the next generation of oncological therapeutics. This study not only elucidates the current landscape of ADCs in breast cancer but also sets the stage for the next generation of oncological therapeutics, with particular attention to their broader applications and associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiansheng Bu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
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2
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De Moura A, Loirat D, Vaillant S, Korbi S, Kiavue N, Bello Roufai D, Escalup L, Desmaris R, Vaflard P, Cottu P, Pierga JY, Bidard FC, Cabel L, Acramel A. Sacituzumab govitecan in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patients treated at Institut Curie Hospitals: efficacy, safety, and impact of brain metastases. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:572-580. [PMID: 38600429 PMCID: PMC11194191 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) has been approved by FDA in April 2021 for pre-treated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), following the ASCENT trial results. METHODS We set up an ambispective bicentric cohort study to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of SG in patients with mTNBC treated at Institut Curie Hospitals, with a focus on patients with brain metastases. RESULTS This study included 99 patients treated through the French Early Access Program to SG from May 2021 to January 2023. Median age was 55 years [26-89], N = 8 patients (8%) had BRCA1/2 mutation, N = 12 (12%) de novo stage IV disease and N = 31 (31%) brain metastases. Patients had previously received a median of two [1-10] lines of treatment in advanced setting. After a median follow-up of 9.7 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 3.9 months (95%CI[3.4-5.0]) and 8.6 months (95%CI[7.1-11.9]), respectively, while objective response rate was 29% (95%CI[21-39]). Among patients with brain metastases, median PFS and OS were 3.7 months (95%CI[2.6-6.2]) and 6.7 months (95%CI[6.3-NR]), respectively, with intracranial tumor responses. Dose reductions were required in N = 17 patients (17%) within a median of three [2-11] cycles, due to gastrointestinal toxicity (N = 6; 6%), hematological toxicity (N = 9; 9%) including febrile neutropenia (N = 2; 2%), liver enzyme elevation (N = 1; 1%), and physical deterioration (N = 1; 1%). There was no related death to SG. CONCLUSIONS The observed response rate and safety of SG are consistent with the results of the ASCENT trial, with efficacy observed in patients with brain metastases, but observed PFS and OS are numerically shorter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre De Moura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France.
| | - Delphine Loirat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Sarah Vaillant
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Sinen Korbi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Nicolas Kiavue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
- UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Diana Bello Roufai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Laurence Escalup
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Romain Desmaris
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Pauline Vaflard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Paul Cottu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Jean-Yves Pierga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François-Clément Bidard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
- UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Luc Cabel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Alexandre Acramel
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint-Cloud, France
- Université Paris Cité, CiTCoM, CNRS UMR 8038, Inserm U1268, Paris, France
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Krug D, Tio J, Abaci A, Beurer B, Brügge S, Elsayad K, Meixner E, Park-Simon TW, Smetanay K, Winkelmann F, Wittig A, Wöckel A. The Safety and Efficacy of the Combination of Sacituzumab Govitecan and Palliative Radiotherapy-A Retrospective Multi-Center Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1649. [PMID: 38730602 PMCID: PMC11083716 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a new treatment option for patients with metastatic triple-negative and hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. This antibody-drug conjugate is currently approved as monotherapy. Palliative radiotherapy is frequently used to treat symptomatic metastases locally. Concurrent use of SG and irradiation was excluded in clinical trials of SG, and there are currently limited published data. We report here a systematic review, as well as a retrospective multi-center study of 17 patients with triple-negative breast cancer who received concurrent SG and radiotherapy. In these patients, concurrent use was found to be efficient, safe and well tolerated. There were no apparent differences in moderate or severe acute toxicity according to the timing of SG administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Krug
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Joke Tio
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Section Senology, University Hospital of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Ali Abaci
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Björn Beurer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ernst von Bergmann Clinic, 14467 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Sandra Brügge
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Khaled Elsayad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Eva Meixner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Tjoung-Won Park-Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Katharina Smetanay
- National Center for Tumor Diseases and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Franziska Winkelmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ernst von Bergmann Clinic, 14467 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Andrea Wittig
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany;
| | - Achim Wöckel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany;
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Natangelo S, Trapani D, Koukoutzeli C, Boscolo Bielo L, Marvaso G, Jereczek-Fossa BA, Curigliano G. Radiation therapy, tissue radiosensitization, and potential synergism in the era of novel antibody-drug conjugates. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 195:104270. [PMID: 38272150 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a therapeutic class of agents designed to selectively deliver cytotoxic payloads to cancer cells. With the increasingly positioning of ADCs in the clinical practice, combinations with other treatment modalities, including radiation therapy (RT), will open new opportunities but also challenges. This review evaluates ADC-RT interactions, examining therapeutic synergies and potential caveats. ADC payloads can be radiosensitizing, enhancing cytotoxicity when used in combination with RT. Antigens targeted by ADCs can have various tissue expressions, resulting in possible off-target toxicities by tissue radiosensitization. Notably, the HER-2-directed ADC trastuzumab emtansine has appeared to increase the risk of radionecrosis when used concomitantly with brain RT, as glial cells can express HER2, too. Other possible organ-specific effects are discussed, such as pulmonary and cardiac toxicities. The lack of robust clinical data on the ADC-RT combination raises concerns regarding specific side effects and the ultimate trade-off of toxicity and safety of some combined approaches. Clinical studies are needed to assess ADC-RT combination safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Natangelo
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Trapani
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chrysanthi Koukoutzeli
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Boscolo Bielo
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Marvaso
- Division of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Division of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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5
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Ivanova M, Porta FM, Giugliano F, Frascarelli C, Sajjadi E, Venetis K, Cursano G, Mazzarol G, Guerini-Rocco E, Curigliano G, Criscitiello C, Fusco N. Breast Cancer with Brain Metastasis: Molecular Insights and Clinical Management. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1160. [PMID: 37372340 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Brain metastases are a primary contributor to mortality, as they often go undetected until late stages due to their dormant nature. Moreover, the clinical management of brain metastases is complicated by the relevant issue of blood-brain barrier penetration. The molecular pathways involved in the formation, progression, and colonization of primary breast tumors and subsequent brain metastases are diverse, posing significant hurdles due to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer subtypes. Despite advancements in primary breast cancer treatments, the prognosis for patients with brain metastases remains poor. In this review, we aim to highlight the biological mechanisms of breast cancer brain metastases by evaluating multi-step genetic pathways and to discuss currently available and emerging treatment strategies to propose a prospective overview of the management of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Ivanova
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Maria Porta
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- School of Pathology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Giugliano
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Frascarelli
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elham Sajjadi
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Venetis
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Cursano
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mazzarol
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Guerini-Rocco
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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