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Przybylowicz PK, Sokolowska KE, Rola H, Wojdacz TK. DNA Methylation Changes in Blood Cells of Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients. J Pain Res 2023; 16:4025-4036. [PMID: 38054109 PMCID: PMC10695140 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s439412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Fibromyalgia (FM) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) affect 0.4% and 1% of society, respectively, and the prevalence of these pain syndromes is increasing. To date, no strong association between these syndromes and the genetic background of affected individuals has been shown. Therefore, it is plausible that epigenetic changes might play a role in the development of these syndromes. Patients and Methods Three previous studies have attempted to elaborate the involvement of genome-wide methylation changes in blood cells in the development of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. These studies included 22 patients with fibromyalgia and 127 patients with CFS, and the results of the studies were largely discrepant. Contradicting results of those studies may be attributed to differences in the omics data analysis approaches used in each study. We reanalyzed the data collected in these studies using an updated and coherent data-analysis framework. Results Overall, the methylation changes that we observed overlapped with previous results only to some extent. However, the gene set enrichment analyses based on genes annotated to methylation changes identified in each of the analyzed datasets were surprisingly coherent and uniformly associated with the physiological processes that, when affected, may result in symptoms characteristic of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Conclusion Methylomes of the blood cells of patients with FM and CFS in three independent studies have shown methylation changes that appear to be implicated in the pathogenesis of these syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hubert Rola
- Independent Clinical Epigenetics Laboratory, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Ng QX, Yau CE, Yaow CYL, Chong RIH, Chong NZY, Teoh SE, Lim YL, Soh AYS, Ng WK, Thumboo J. What Has Longitudinal ‘Omics’ Studies Taught Us about Irritable Bowel Syndrome? A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040484. [PMID: 37110143 PMCID: PMC10142038 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is a prototypical disorder of the brain–gut–microbiome axis, although the underlying pathogenesis and mechanisms remain incompletely understood. With the recent advances in ‘omics’ technologies, studies have attempted to uncover IBS-specific variations in the host–microbiome profile and function. However, no biomarker has been identified to date. Given the high inter-individual and day-to-day variability of the gut microbiota, and a lack of agreement across the large number of microbiome studies, this review focused on omics studies that had sampling at more than one time point. A systematic literature search was performed using various combinations of the search terms “Irritable Bowel Syndrome” and “Omics” in the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library up to 1 December 2022. A total of 16 original studies were reviewed. These multi-omics studies have implicated Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Ruminococcus spp., and Bifidobacteria in IBS and treatment response, found altered metabolite profiles in serum, faecal, or urinary samples taken from IBS patients compared to the healthy controls, and revealed enrichment in the immune and inflammation-related pathways. They also demonstrated the possible therapeutic mechanisms of diet interventions, for example, synbiotics and low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol (FODMAP) diets on microbial metabolites. However, there was significant heterogeneity among the studies and no uniform characteristics of IBS-related gut microbiota. There is a need to further study these putative mechanisms and also ensure that they can be translated to therapeutic benefits for patients with IBS.
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Vollert J, Wang R, Regis S, Yetman H, Lembo AJ, Kaptchuk TJ, Cheng V, Nee J, Iturrino J, Loscalzo J, Hall KT, Silvester JA. Genotypes of Pain and Analgesia in a Randomized Trial of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:842030. [PMID: 35401282 PMCID: PMC8983929 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.842030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent chronic pain disorder with multiple underlying mechanisms and few treatments that have been demonstrated to be effective in placebo controlled trials. One potential reason may be the use of composite outcomes, such as the IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) which includes descriptive items related to pain frequency and pain intensity as well as bowel dysfunction and bloating. We investigated if different features of IBS pain have distinct genetic associations and if these may be moderated by sex hormones. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Adult outpatients with moderately severe IBS (>175 on IBS-SSS) enrolled in a clinical trial reported IBS-SSS at baseline and after 6 weeks of therapy. METHODS Fixed effects modeling was used to test the effect of COMT rs4680 genotype to change in pain severity (rated 0-100) and pain frequency (defined as number of days with pain in the past 10 days) from baseline to week 6 with IBS treatment. Parallel exploratory genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were also performed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with change in pain severity or pain frequency across all participants. RESULTS A total of 212 participants (74% female) were included. The COMT rs4680 met allele was associated with decreased pain severity over the course of the trial in gene dosage models [beta(SE) -5.9 (2.6), P = 0.028]. Exploratory GWAS for change in pain frequency identified 5 SNPs in close proximity on chromosome 18 near L3MBTL4 which reached genome-wide significance (all P < 5.0E-8). This effect was not mediated by changing estradiol levels. There was also a region of chromosome 7 with 24 SNPs of genome-wide suggestive significance for change in pain severity (all P < 1.0E-5). CONCLUSIONS Previously reported association between COMT rs4680 genotype and treatment response as measured by IBS-SSS is related to pain severity, but not pain frequency. We also identified new candidate genes associated with changes in IBS pain severity (SNX13) and pain frequency (L3MBTL4) in response to treatment. Further studies are needed to understand these associations and genetic determinants of different components of IBS-SSS. ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT0280224.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vollert
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Mannheim Center of Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruisheng Wang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephanie Regis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hailey Yetman
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anthony J Lembo
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ted J Kaptchuk
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Program in Placebo Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of General Medicine Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vivian Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Judy Nee
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Johanna Iturrino
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn T Hall
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jocelyn A Silvester
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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