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Han M, Liu X, Hailati S, Nurahmat N, Dilimulati D, Baishan A, Aikebaier A, Zhou W. Evaluation of the Efficacy of OSU-2S in the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Screening of Potential Targets of Action. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:582. [PMID: 38794152 PMCID: PMC11124116 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: OSU-2S is a derivative of FTY720 and exhibits significant inhibitory effects on various cancer cells. There is currently no research on the mechanism of the impact of OSU-2S on NSCLC development. We analysed and validated the hub genes and pharmacodynamic effects of OSU-2S to treat NSCLC. (2) Methods: The hub genes of OSU-2S for the treatment of NSCLC were screened in PharmMapper, genecard, and KM Plotter database by survival and expression analysis. The effect of OSU-2S on hub gene expression was verified by Western blot analysis. The ex vivo and in vivo efficacy of OSU-2S on tumour growth was verified using A549 cells and a xenografted animal model. (3) Results: A total of 7 marker genes for OSU-2S treatment of NSCLC were obtained. AURKA and S1PR1 were screened as hub genes. Significant differences in the expression of AURKA and S1PR1 between normal and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues were found in the GEPIA2 database; Western blot showed that OSU-2S could affect p-AURKA and S1PR1 protein expression. OSU-2S significantly inhibited tumour growth in A549 cells and xenografted animal models. (4) Conclusions: Our study confirms the inhibitory effect of OSU-2S on NSCLC, screens and demonstrates its potential targets AURKA(p-AURKA) and S1PR1, and provides a research basis for treating NSCLC with OSU-2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Medicines, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Xiangran Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Sendaer Hailati
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Medicines, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Nurbiya Nurahmat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Medicines, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Dilihuma Dilimulati
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Medicines, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Alhar Baishan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Medicines, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Alifeiye Aikebaier
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Medicines, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Wenting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (X.L.); (S.H.); (N.N.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (A.A.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Medicines, Urumqi 830017, China
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Othman DI, Hamdi A, Elhusseiny WM, El-Azab AS, Bakheit AH, Hefnawy M, Abdel-Aziz AAM. Synthesis of novel spirochromane incorporating Schiff's bases, potential antiproliferative activity, and dual EGFR/HER2 inhibition: Cell cycle analysis and in silico study. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101803. [PMID: 37860686 PMCID: PMC10582582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spirochromanes incorporating Schiff's bases and semicarbazones 4a-e and 5a-j were synthesizedand analyzed for their potential antiproliferative activity using four human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HCT-116, PC3, and A549). Compounds 5a, 5b and 5g possessed the highest antiproliferative activity among the tested compounds,with an IC50 range of 1.154-9.09 μM. Compound 5j selectively inhibited the PC3 cell proliferation (IC50 = 5.47 μM). Spirochromanes 5a, 5b and 5g exhibited high inhibitory activity against EGFR (IC50 = 0.116, 0.132, and 0.077 μM, respectively) and HER2 (IC50 = 0.055, 0.210 and 0.085 μM, respectively) compared with the references, erlotinib (IC50 = 0.090 and 0.038 μM, respectively) and gefitinib (IC50 = 0.052 and 0.072 μM, respectively). Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis results showed that compounds 5a, 5b and 5g arrested growth inthe S phase, and the programmed cell death induced by these compounds was an apoptotic mechanism rather than a necrotic pathway. Molecular docking studies of spirochromanes 5a, 5b and 5g to EGFR and HER2 binding sites were performed to explore the orientation mode and interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina I.A. Othman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Hamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Walaa M. Elhusseiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Adel S. El-Azab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 2457, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 2457, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 2457, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa A.-M. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 2457, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Peris I, Romero-Murillo S, Vicente C, Narla G, Odero MD. Regulation and role of the PP2A-B56 holoenzyme family in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188953. [PMID: 37437699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inactivation is common in cancer, leading to sustained activation of pro-survival and growth-promoting pathways. PP2A consists of a scaffolding A-subunit, a catalytic C-subunit, and a regulatory B-subunit. The functional complexity of PP2A holoenzymes arises mainly through the vast repertoire of regulatory B-subunits, which determine both their substrate specificity and their subcellular localization. Therefore, a major challenge for developing more effective therapeutic strategies for cancer is to identify the specific PP2A complexes to be targeted. Of note, the development of small molecules specifically directed at PP2A-B56α has opened new therapeutic avenues in both solid and hematological tumors. Here, we focus on the B56/PR61 family of PP2A regulatory subunits, which have a central role in directing PP2A tumor suppressor activity. We provide an overview of the mechanisms controlling the formation and regulation of these complexes, the pathways they control, and the mechanisms underlying their deregulation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Peris
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Romero-Murillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Vicente
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Goutham Narla
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria D Odero
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Li X, Zhao K, Lu Y, Wang J, Yao W. Genetic Analysis of Platelet-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveals a Novel Prognostic Signature and Determines PRKCD as the Potential Molecular Bridge. Biol Proced Online 2022; 24:22. [PMID: 36463115 PMCID: PMC9719151 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-022-00185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) belongs to a representative lethality gastrointestinal malignancy, and comprehensive management of HCC remains intractable at present on account of its invasive biological feature that is easy to relapse and early metastasis. The intimate connection between platelets and tumor progression has been widely reported, and platelet-related indicators are also used in the clinical practice of carcinoma. This work is designed to investigate the significance of platelet-related genes in the prognostic prediction of patients with HCC and their potential role in the cross-talk between HCC cells and platelets in the tumor microenvironment. METHODS By integrating the RNA-seq data and clinicopathological information of HCC patients, we extracted prognosis-associated platelet-related genes based on the univariate cox analysis and further established a relevant prognostic signature via the lasso cox regression analysis, and two independent HCC cohorts were used as external validation. Multiple bioinformatics methods were utilized to explore the underlying functional discrepancy between different risk groups classified by the risk model. And in vitro proliferation, invasion, and migration assays were conducted to investigate the effect of platelet stimulation on HCC cells' viability and motility, and flow cytometric analysis was exerted to demonstrate the influence of HCC cells on platelet activation. RESULTS A novel platelet-related risk model was developed and patients both in the training and testing cohorts were divided into distinct risk subgroups according to the median risk score. It was observed that the high-risk status was closely associated with poor prognosis and worse clinicopathological parameters. Meanwhile, an obvious discrepancy in the constitution of the immune microenvironment also indicated that distinct immune status might be a potential determinant affecting prognosis as well as immunotherapy reactiveness. Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated that PRKCD could act as a molecular bridge between tumor cells and platelets, which could either participate in regulating tumor malignant phenotype or mediating platelet activation. CONCLUSIONS In brief, this work reveals a novel platelet-related risk signature for prognostic evaluation of HCC patients and confirms that PRKCD is a key messenger in HCC cell-platelet interaction and plays a crucial role in mediating platelet-induced tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Li
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery/Cancer Research Center Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery/Cancer Research Center Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery/Cancer Research Center Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery/Cancer Research Center Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Affiliated Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430064, China.
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Oncology Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Limpachayaporn P, Nuchpun S, Sirirak J, Charoensuksai P, Wongprayoon P, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P, Suksamrarn A. meta-Ureidophenoxy-1,2,3-triazole hybrid as a novel scaffold for promising HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma inhibitors: Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 74:117048. [PMID: 36270111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-one meta-ureidophenoxymethyl-1,2,3-triazole derivatives were designed and synthesized via nucleophilic addition, nucleophilic substitution and copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The evaluation of their cytotoxicity using MTT assay indicated that almost all derivatives exhibited significantly superior inhibitory activity against hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 compared to the parental molecule sorafenib (1). Among the series, 5r was the most potent anti-HepG2 agent with IC50 = 1.04 µM, which was almost 5-fold more active than sorafenib (IC50 = 5.06 µM), while the cytotoxic activity against human embryonal lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5 remained comparable to sorafenib. The synthetic derivative 5r, thus, possessed 5.2-time higher selectivity index (SI) than that of sorafenib. Molecular docking studies revealed an efficient interaction of 5r at the same sorafenib's binding region in both B-Raf and VEGFR-2 with lower binding energies than those of sorafenib, consistent with its cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, 5r was proven to induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner similar to sorafenib. In addition, the prediction using SwissADME suggested that 5r possessed appropriate drug properties conforming to Veber's studies. These findings revealed that the newly designed meta-ureidophenoxy-1,2,3-triazole hybrid scaffold was a promising structural feature for an efficient inhibition of HepG2. Moreover, derivative 5r emerged as a promising candidate for further development as a targeted anti-cancer agent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Panupun Limpachayaporn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
| | - Sopon Nuchpun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Jitnapa Sirirak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Purin Charoensuksai
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Pawaris Wongprayoon
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
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Alpinumisoflavone Impairs Mitochondrial Respiration via Oxidative Stress and MAPK/PI3K Regulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101929. [PMID: 36290652 PMCID: PMC9598146 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinumisoflavone is a natural prenylated isoflavonoid extracted from the raw fruit of Cudrania tricuspidata. Several studies have reported the beneficial characteristics of alpinumisoflavone, such as its antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-bacterial, osteoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Alpinumisoflavone also has anti-cancer effects on thyroid, renal, and ovarian cancers, but its therapeutic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not yet been demonstrated. We investigated the anti-cancer effects of alpinumisoflavone on HCC using human liver cancer cell lines, Hep3B and Huh7. Our results confirmed that alpinumisoflavone inhibited viability and regulated the MAPK/PI3K pathway in Hep3B and Huh7 cells. We also verified that alpinumisoflavone can depolarize the mitochondrial membrane potential and suppress the mitochondrial respiration in HCC cells. Moreover, we confirmed the dysregulation of the mitochondrial complexes I, III, and V involving mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation at the mRNA level and the accumulation of calcium ions in the mitochondrial matrix. Lastly, we demonstrated that alpinumisoflavone induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via regulation of the Bcl-xL and BAK proteins. This study elucidates the anti-cancer effects of alpinumisoflavone on HCC.
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Khan MM, Kalim UU, Khan MH, Lahesmaa R. PP2A and Its Inhibitors in Helper T-Cell Differentiation and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2022; 12:786857. [PMID: 35069561 PMCID: PMC8766794 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.786857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a highly complex heterotrimeric Ser/Thr phosphatase that regulates many cellular processes. The role of PP2A as a tumor suppressor has been extensively studied and reviewed. However, emerging evidence suggests PP2A constrains inflammatory responses and is important in autoimmune and neuroinflammatory diseases. Here, we reviewed the existing literature on the role of PP2A in T-cell differentiation and autoimmunity. We have also discussed the modulation of PP2A activity by endogenous inhibitors and its small-molecule activators as potential therapeutic approaches against autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Moin Khan
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ubaid Ullah Kalim
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Meraj H. Khan
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Hernández-Bule ML, Martínez MA, Trillo MÁ, Martínez L, Toledano-Macías E, Úbeda A. Response of human cancer cells to simultaneous treatment with sorafenib and radiofrequency current. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:807. [PMID: 34630714 PMCID: PMC8488331 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their alleged analgesic, anti-inflammatory and tissue regenerative effects, capacitive-resistive electrothermal therapy (CRET), which is based on non-invasive exposure to radiofrequency (RF) currents, is often applied to chemotherapeutically treated patients with cancer. Our previous studies have demonstrated that subthermal CRET currents can elicit a number of cell responses, including anti-proliferative effects, in the human liver cancer cell line HepG2. Such effects involve significant changes in the regulation of proteins involved in MAPK signaling pathways, which are also implicated in the cancer cell response to standard anticancer drugs such as sorafenib. This overlap in response pathways may lead to competitive, neutralizing or blocking interactions between the electrical and chemical treatments, thus raising questions on the advisability of CRET treatment for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory or other purposes in patients undergoing chemotherapy. The present study analyzed the effects of simultaneous treatment with sorafenib and 448-kHz, subthermal CRET current on the proliferation and viability of HepG2 cell cultures. Cell viability was assessed through Trypan blue or XTT assays, while flow cytometry was applied for cell cycle and apoptosis analysis. The expression of proteins involved in cell proliferation were assessed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. The results revealed no evidence to suggest that the electrical treatment counteracted or neutralized the cellular response to sorafenib at the different conditions evaluated. Furthermore, at the standard pharmacological sorafenib concentration, 5 µM, the combined treatment elicited an anti-proliferative response significantly stronger than that induced by each of the treatments when applied separately in HepG2 cells. These data do not support the hypothesis that CRET exposure may inhibit or diminish the effects of a chemotherapeutic drug used in cancer treatment, and highlights the requirement for further investigation into the cell response to the combined action of electrical and chemical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Antonia Martínez
- Bioelectromagnetism-Research Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Trillo
- Bioelectromagnetism-Research Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Lidia Martínez
- Bioelectromagnetism-Research Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Elena Toledano-Macías
- Bioelectromagnetism-Research Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Alejandro Úbeda
- Bioelectromagnetism-Research Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
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Song Y, Gao P, Ding H, Xu G, Hu Y, Tong Y, Xin W, Zhang L, Wu M, Fang L. Underlying mechanism of sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma: a bioinformatics study based on validated resistance-related genes. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:1895-1904. [PMID: 34532137 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib, the first approved targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is often reported to comprised survival-benefit due to resistance. An underlying mechanism of resistance was proposed using bioinformatics analysis based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from microarrays. However, most DEGs were invalidated at both the expression level, and the role in causing resistance. Therefore, we conducted a bioinformatics analysis based on experimentally determined sorafenib-resistance-related genes (SRRGs) to elucidate the mechanism of sorafenib resistance. Methods The SRRGs, which have been experimentally determined to promote or inhibit resistance, were collected from published studies. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. A corresponding protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was created using the Cytoscape software program, and network hub genes were proposed. Results A total of 145 SRRGs, with 117 promoting and 28 inhibiting resistance, were identified. Cell proliferation, migration, development, response to oxygen levels, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell skeleton, protein function, and autophagy were all proposed as crucial gene functions related to resistance. The pathways related to cell proliferation or apoptosis, immune function, endocrine metabolism, stem cell function, and differentiation were identified as key resistance-related pathways. A total of 81 hub genes were proposed, including the following top 10 genes: TP53, AKT1, EGFR, STAT3, VEGFA, JUN, MAPK1, IL6, PTEN, and CTNNB1. Conclusions In conclusion, this study gathered experimentally validated genes that determine sorafenib resistance in HCC, provided an overview of the underlying mechanisms of resistance, and further validated sorafenib resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaoqi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaolian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Atwa SM, Odenthal M, El Tayebi HM. Genetic Heterogeneity, Therapeutic Hurdle Confronting Sorafenib and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4343. [PMID: 34503153 PMCID: PMC8430643 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the latest advances in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening and treatment modalities, HCC is still representing a global burden. Most HCC patients present at later stages to an extent that conventional curative options are ineffective. Hence, systemic therapy represented by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib, in the first-line setting is the main treatment modality for advanced-stage HCC. However, in the two groundbreaking phase III clinical trials, the SHARP and Asia-Pacific trials, sorafenib has demonstrated a modest prolongation of overall survival in almost 30% of HCC patients. As HCC develops in an immune-rich milieu, particular attention has been placed on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a novel therapeutic modality for HCC. Yet, HCC therapy is hampered by the resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and the subsequent tumor recurrence. HCC is characterized by substantial genomic heterogeneity that has an impact on cellular response to the applied therapy. And hence, this review aims at giving an insight into the therapeutic impact and the different mechanisms of resistance to sorafenib and ICIs as well as, discussing the genomic heterogeneity associated with such mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Atwa
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Hend M. El Tayebi
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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11
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Ali GF, Omar HA, Hersi F, Abo-Youssef AM, Ahmed OM, Mohamed WR. The protective role of etoricoxib against diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats: The impact of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2 signaling. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:252-262. [PMID: 34238176 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210708103752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer ranks as the 7th and 5th leading cause of cancer morbidity worldwide in men and women, respectively. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and is associated with an increasing global burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the possible chemopreventive effect of etoricoxib on diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF)-induced HCC in male Wistar rats. METHODS HCC was induced by DENA (150 mg/kg/week; i.p) for 2 weeks, then 2AAF (20 mg/kg; p.o) every other day for three successive weeks. Etoricoxib (0.6 mg/kg, p.o.) was given to DENA/2AAF-administered rats for 20 weeks. RESULTS Etoricoxib significantly suppressed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19.9) as liver tumor biomarkers. It also decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin levels while increasing serum albumin levels. Besides, it alleviated DENA/2AAF-induced histopathological abrasions and inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, etoricoxib showed a potent antioxidant effect, supported by a significant lipid peroxide reduction and elevation in superoxide dismutase and GSH content activity. In addition, Etoricoxib significantly down-regulated the protein expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phosphorylated nuclear Factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the current results proved that etoricoxib possesses an anticarcinogenic effect via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and modulation of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber F Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Hany A Omar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272 . United Arab Emirates
| | - Amira M Abo-Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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12
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Xie Z, Chen M, Goswami S, Mani R, Wang D, Kulp SK, Coss CC, Schaaf LJ, Cui F, Byrd JC, Jennings RN, Schober KK, Freed C, Lewis S, Malbrue R, Muthusamy N, Bennett C, Kisseberth WC, Phelps MA. Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of the Novel Non-immunosuppressive Fingolimod Derivative, OSU-2S, in Dogs and Comparisons with Data in Mice and Rats. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:92. [PMID: 32676788 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we characterized the pharmacokinetics of OSU-2S, a fingolimod-derived, non-immunosuppressive phosphatase activator, in mice, rats, and dogs, as well as tolerability and food effects in dogs. Across all species tested, plasma protein binding for OSU-2S was > 99.5%, and metabolic stability and hepatic intrinsic clearance were in the moderate range. OSU-2S did not significantly modulate CYP enzyme activity up until 50 μM, and Caco-2 data suggested low permeability with active efflux at 2 μM. Apparent oral bioavailability in mice was 16% and 69% at 10 and 50 mg/kg, respectively. In rats, bioavailability was 24%, 35%, and 28% at 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, while brain/plasma ratio was 36 at 6-h post-dose at 30 mg/kg. In dogs, OSU-2S was well tolerated with oral capsule bioavailability of 27.5%. Plasma OSU-2S exposures increased proportionally over a 2.5-20 mg/kg dose range. After 4 weeks of 3 times weekly, oral administration (20 mg/kg), plasma AUClast (26.1 μM*h), and Cmax (0.899 μM) were nearly 2-fold greater than those after 1 week of dosing, and no food effects were observed. The elimination half-life (29.7 h), clearance (22.9 mL/min/kg), and plasma concentrations of repeated oral doses support a 3-times weekly dosing schedule in dogs. No significant CBC, serum biochemical, or histopathological changes were observed. OSU-2S has favorable oral PK properties similar to fingolimod in rodents and dogs and is well tolerated in healthy animals. This work supports establishing trials of OSU-2S efficacy in dogs with spontaneous tumors to guide its clinical development as a cancer therapeutic for human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Swagata Goswami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rajes Mani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dasheng Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Chris C Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Larry J Schaaf
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - John C Byrd
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ryan N Jennings
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Karsten K Schober
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 448 VMAB, 1900 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Carrie Freed
- University Laboratory Animal Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephanie Lewis
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Raphael Malbrue
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Natarajan Muthusamy
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chad Bennett
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - William C Kisseberth
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 448 VMAB, 1900 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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13
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Rodríguez-Hernández MA, Chapresto-Garzón R, Cadenas M, Navarro-Villarán E, Negrete M, Gómez-Bravo MA, Victor VM, Padillo FJ, Muntané J. Differential effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in 2D/3D culture according to cell differentiation, p53 status and mitochondrial respiration in liver cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:339. [PMID: 32382022 PMCID: PMC7206079 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib and Regorafenib are the recommended first- and second-line therapies in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lenvatinib and Cabozantinib have shown non-inferior antitumoral activities compared with the corresponding recommended therapies. The clinical trials have established recommended doses for each treatment that lead different blood concentrations in patients for Sorafenib (10 µM), Regorafenib (1 µM), Lenvatinib (0.1 µM), and Cabozantinib (1 µM). However, very low response rates are observed in patients attributed to intrinsic resistances or upregulation of survival signaling. The aim of the study was the comparative dose-response analysis of the drugs (0-100 µM) in well-differentiated (HepG2, Hep3B, and Huh7), moderately (SNU423), and poorly (SNU449) differentiated liver cancer cells in 2D/3D cultures. Cells harbors wild-type p53 (HepG2), non-sense p53 mutation (Hep3B), inframe p53 gene deletion (SNU423), and p53 point mutation (Huh7 and SNU449). The administration of regular used in vitro dose (10 µM) in 3D and 2D cultures, as well as the dose-response analysis in 2D cultures showed Sorafenib and Regorafenib were increasingly effective in reducing cell proliferation, and inducing apoptosis in well-differentiated and expressing wild-type p53 in HCC cells. Lenvatinib and Cabozantinib were particularly effective in moderately to poorly differentiated cells with mutated or lacking p53 that have lower basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR), ATP, and maximal respiration capacity than observed in differentiated HCC cells. Sorafenib and Regorafenib downregulated, and Lenvatinib and Cabozantinib upregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor receptor (c-Met) in HepG2 cells. Conclusions: Sorafenib and Regorafenib were especially active in well-differentiated cells, with wild-type p53 and increased mitochondrial respiration. By contrast, Lenvatinib and Cabozantinib appeared more effective in moderately to poorly differentiated cells with mutated p53 and low mitochondrial respiration. The development of strategies that allow us to deliver increased doses in tumors might potentially enhance the effectiveness of the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Rodríguez-Hernández
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Chapresto-Garzón
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Miryam Cadenas
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro-Villarán
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Negrete
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Miguel A Gómez-Bravo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville/IBIS, Seville, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Padillo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville/IBIS, Seville, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville/IBIS, Seville, Spain.
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14
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Clark AR, Ohlmeyer M. Protein phosphatase 2A as a therapeutic target in inflammation and neurodegeneration. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:181-201. [PMID: 31158394 PMCID: PMC6700395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a highly complex heterotrimeric enzyme that catalyzes the selective removal of phosphate groups from protein serine and threonine residues. Emerging evidence suggests that it functions as a tumor suppressor by constraining phosphorylation-dependent signalling pathways that regulate cellular transformation and metastasis. Therefore, PP2A-activating drugs (PADs) are being actively sought and investigated as potential novel anti-cancer treatments. Here we explore the concept that PP2A also constrains inflammatory responses through its inhibitory effects on various signalling pathways, suggesting that PADs may be effective in the treatment of inflammation-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Clark
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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15
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Abdel-Maksoud MS, Ammar UM, Oh CH. Anticancer profile of newly synthesized BRAF inhibitors possess 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2041-2051. [PMID: 30955995 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a new series of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole was designed and synthesized. The new compounds are having 3-fluorophenyl at position 6 of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole and pyrimidine ring at position 5. The pyrimidine ring containing either amide or sulphonamide moiety attached to a linker (ethyl or propyl) at position 2 of the pyrimidine ring. The final compounds were selected by NCI for in vitro cytotoxicity screening. Most derivatives showed cytotoxic activity against colon cancer and melanoma cell lines. In addition, IC50s of the target compounds were determined over A375 and SK-MEL-28 cell lines using sorafenib as positive control. Compounds12b, 12c, 12e, 12f, 15a, 15d, 15f, 14g and 15h exhibited superior activity when compared to sorafenib. The most potent compounds were tested against wild type BRAF, v600e BRAF, and CRAF. Compound 15h exhibited a potential inhibitory effect againstV600EBRAF (IC50 = 9.3 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Abdel-Maksoud
- Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Usama M Ammar
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST School), Seoul, Seongbuk-gu 02792, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34113, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34113, Republic of Korea; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Chang-Hyun Oh
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST School), Seoul, Seongbuk-gu 02792, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34113, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Yuseong-gu 34113, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Cao ZQ, Wang XX, Lu L, Xu JW, Li XB, Zhang GR, Ma ZJ, Shi AC, Wang Y, Song YJ. β-Sitosterol and Gemcitabine Exhibit Synergistic Anti-pancreatic Cancer Activity by Modulating Apoptosis and Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Deactivating Akt/GSK-3β Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1525. [PMID: 30670971 PMCID: PMC6331459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
β-sitosterol (BS), a major bioactive constituent present in plants, has shown potent anti-cancer activity against many human cancer cells, but its activity in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells has rarely been reported. Gemcitabine (GEM) is one of the first-line drugs for PC therapy, however, the treatment effect is not sustained due to prolonged drug resistance. In this study, we firstly studied the anti-PC activity and the mechanism of BS alone and in combination with GEM in vitro and in vivo. BS effectively inhibited the growth of PC cell lines by inhibiting proliferation, inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis, suppressed the NF- kB activity, and increased expression of the protein Bax but decreased expression of the protein Bcl-2. Moreover, BS inhibited migration and invasion and downregulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathways. Furthermore, the combination of BS and GEM exhibited a significant synergistic effect in MIAPaCa-2 and BXPC-3 cells. More importantly, the combined treatment with BS and GEM lead to significant growth inhibition of PC xenografts. Overall, our data revealed a promising treatment option for PC by the combination therapy of BS and GEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Qi Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue-Xi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wen Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guang-Ru Zhang
- Qinghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Ma
- The Second Clinical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - An-Chen Shi
- The Second Clinical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jun Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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17
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Li W, Qiu Y, Hao J, Zhao C, Deng X, Shu G. Dauricine upregulates the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells: Role of repressing glycolysis via miR-199a:HK2/PKM2 modulation. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:156-165. [PMID: 30171973 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dauricine (Dau) is a natural alkaloid exhibiting anti-proliferative activity against several different types of malignant cell. However, effects of Dau on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that Dau elevated the sensitivities of HCC cells to chemotherapeutic reagents, including cisplatin, sorafenib, and isoliensinine. Moreover, Dau promoted apoptosis of HCC cells triggered by these chemotherapeutic reagents. Consistently, in a xenograft mouse model, Dau sensitized HCC cells to sorafenib. In HCC cells, Dau dose-dependently inhibited glucose glycolysis and increased oxidative phosphorylation. Mechanistically, Dau downregulated the expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). HK2 and PKM2 can be directly targeted by miR-199a. Dau dose-dependently increased miR-199a expression in HCC cells. Transfection of anti-miR-199a abrogated Dau-mediated suppression of HK2 and PKM2. Dau-induced metabolic shift was thereby severely crippled by anti-miR-199a. In addition, the incremental activity of Dau on sorafenib sensitivity of HCC cells was diminished in response to the transfection of anti-miR-199a. Taken together, our findings provided novel insights into the impact of Dau on HCC cells and supported considering Dau as an adjuvant reagent in the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yunhan Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Ji Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Chi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Xukun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Guangwen Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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18
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Antrodia cinnamomea boosts the anti-tumor activity of sorafenib in xenograft models of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12914. [PMID: 30150684 PMCID: PMC6110745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been recognized worldwide as one of the major causes of cancer death. The medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea (A. cinnamomea) has been served as a functional food for liver protection. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential activity of A. cinnamomea extracts as a safe booster for the anticancer activity of sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of HCC. The biologically active triterpenoids in the ethanolic extracts of A. cinnamomea (EAC) were initially identified by HPLC/LC/MS then the different extracts and sorafenib were assessed in vitro and in vivo. EAC could effectively sensitize HCC cells to low doses of sorafenib, which was perceived via the ability of the combination to repress cell viability and to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCC cells. The ability of EAC to enhance sorafenib activity was mediated through targeting mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, modulating cyclin proteins expression and inhibiting cancer cell invasion. Moreover, the proposed combination significantly suppressed ectopic tumor growth in mice with high safety margins compared to single-agent treatment. Thus, this study highlights the advantage of combining EAC with sorafenib as a potential adjuvant therapeutic strategy against HCC.
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19
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Chen SY, Lee YR, Hsieh MC, Omar HA, Teng YN, Lin CY, Hung JH. Enhancing the Anticancer Activity of Antrodia cinnamomea in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Cocultivation With Ginger: The Impact on Cancer Cell Survival Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:780. [PMID: 30072899 PMCID: PMC6058215 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Antrodia cinnamomea (AC) is a medicinal fungal species that has been widely used traditionally in Taiwan for the treatment of diverse health-related conditions including cancer. It possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in addition to its ability to promote cancer cell death in several human tumors. Our aim was to improve the anticancer activity of AC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through its cocultivation with ginger aiming at tuning the active ingredients. HCC cell lines, Huh-7 and HepG2 were used to study the in vitro anticancer activity of the ethanolic extracts of AC (EAC) alone or after the cocultivation in presence of ginger (EACG). The results indicated that the cocultivation of AC with ginger significantly induced the production of important triterpenoids and EACG was significantly more potent than EAC in targeting HCC cell lines. EACG effectively inhibited cancer cells growth via the induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induction of apoptosis in Huh-7 and HepG2 cells as indicated by MTT assay, cell cycle analysis, Annexin V assay, and the activation of caspase-3. In addition, EACG modulated cyclin proteins expression and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in favor of the inhibition of cancer cell survival. Taken together, the current study highlights an evidence that EACG is superior to EAC in targeting cancer cell survival and inducing apoptotic cell death in HCC. These findings support that EACG formula can serve as a potential candidate for HCC adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ray Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hany A Omar
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Yen-Ni Teng
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yen Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsiang Hung
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
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20
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Design, synthesis and anticancer evaluation of novel spirobenzo[h]chromene and spirochromane derivatives with dual EGFR and B-RAF inhibitory activities. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:567-578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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Sun CY, Zhu Y, Li XF, Wang XQ, Tang LP, Su ZQ, Li CY, Zheng GJ, Feng B. Scutellarin Increases Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy to Overcome Cisplatin Resistance in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer via ERK/p53 and c-met/AKT Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:92. [PMID: 29487530 PMCID: PMC5816782 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, as the first-line anti-tumor agent, is widely used for treatment of a variety of malignancies including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the acquired resistance has been a major obstacle for the clinical application. Scutellarin is a active flavone extracted from Erigeron breviscapus Hand-Mazz that has been shown to exhibit anticancer activities on various types of tumors. Here, we reported that scutellarin was capable of sensitizing A549/DDP cells to cisplatin by enhancing apoptosis and autophagy. Mechanistic analyses indicated that cisplatin-induced caspase-3-dependent apoptosis was elevated in the presence of scutellarin through activating extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)-mediated p53 pathway. Furthermore, scutellarin also promoted cisplatin-induced cytotoxic autophagy, downregulated expression of p-AKT and c-met. Deficiency of c-met reduced p-AKT level, and inhibition of p-AKT or c-met improved autophagy in A549/DDP cells. Interestingly, loss of autophagy attenuated the synergism of this combination. In vivo, the co-treatment of cisplatin and scutellarin notably reduced the tumor size when compared with cisplatin treatment alone. Notably, scutellarin significantly reduced the toxicity generated by cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice. This study identifies the unique role of scutellarin in reversing cisplatin resistance through apoptosis and autophagy, and suggests that combined cisplatin and scutellarin might be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yue Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xie-Qi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Peng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zu-Qing Su
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Yun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Juan Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Omar HA, Zaher DM, Srinivasulu V, Hersi F, Tarazi H, Al-Tel TH. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new pyrrolidine carboxamide analogues as potential chemotherapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:804-814. [PMID: 28865276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The successful targeting of different malignancies by OSU-2S, encouraged us to design and synthesize a novel series of pyrrolidine aryl carboxamide derivatives. In this context, we found that, the amide nature and tether length were found to be key determinant elements for the anticancer activity of these new and rigid analogues of OSU-2S. The most effective analogues induced apoptosis in cancer cells by a similar mechanism to that of OSU-2S, possibly via the activation of PKCδ in addition to their ability to induce cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cancer cell migration. Compound 10m, possesses anticancer potency comparable to that of OSU-2S when tested against cancer cell lines under study, and was found to be safer on normal cells. Furthermore, compound 10m, was found to be about 2-folds more potent than the anticancer drug Sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The newly developed compounds represent a therapeutically promising approach for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A Omar
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Dana M Zaher
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamadeh Tarazi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Taleb H Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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