1
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Martins TJ, Parisi C, Pinto JG, Brambilla IDPR, Melilli B, Aleo D, Ferreira-Strixino J, Sortino S. Simultaneous photoactivation of a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and nitric oxide with fluorescence reporting. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39005154 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01291g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The achievement of smart pharmaceuticals whose bioactivity can be spatiotemporally controlled by light stimuli is known as photopharmacology, an emerging area aimed at improving the therapeutic outcome and minimizing side effects. This is especially attractive for antibiotics, for which the inevitable development of multidrug resistance and the dwindling of new clinically approved drugs represent the main drawbacks. Here, we show that nitrosation of the fluoroquinolone norfloxacin (NF), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, leads to the nitrosated bioconjugate NF-NO, which is inactive at the typical minimum inhibitory concentration of NF. Irradiation of NF-NO with visible blue light triggers the simultaneous release of NF and nitric oxide (NO). The photouncaging process is accompanied by the revival of the typical fluorescence emission of NF, quenched in NF-NO, which acts as an optical reporter. This permits the real-time monitoring of the photouncaging process, even within bacteria cells where antibacterial activity is switched on exclusively upon light irradiation. The mechanism of photorelease seems to occur through a two-step hopping electron transfer mediated by the lowest triplet state of NF-NO and the phosphate buffer ions or aminoacids such as tyrosine. Considering the well-known role of NO as an "unconventional" antibacterial, the NF-NO conjugate may represent a potential bimodal antibacterial weapon activatable on demand with high spatio-temporal control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassia J Martins
- PhotoChemLab, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125, Italy.
| | - Cristina Parisi
- PhotoChemLab, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125, Italy.
| | - Juliana Guerra Pinto
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Research and Development Institute, University of Vale do Paraíba, Urbanova I-2911, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danilo Aleo
- MEDIVIS S.r.l., Tremestieri Etneo, 95030 Catania, Italy
| | - Juliana Ferreira-Strixino
- Laboratory of Photobiology Applied to Health, Research and Development Institute, University of Vale do Paraíba, Urbanova I-2911, Brazil
| | - Salvatore Sortino
- PhotoChemLab, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125, Italy.
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Nel NH, Haddad EN, Kerver JM, Cassidy-Bushrow AE, Comstock SS. Maternal Body Mass Index Associates with Prenatal Characteristics and Fecal Microbial Communities. Nutrients 2024; 16:1881. [PMID: 38931236 PMCID: PMC11206496 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The maternal microbiome plays a vital role in shaping pregnancy outcomes, but there remains a substantial gap in understanding its precise relationships to maternal health, particularly in relation to potential effects of body mass index (BMI) on gut microbial diversity. The aim of this observational study was to assess maternal characteristics in association with pre-pregnancy BMI and to further assess microbial diversity in association with specific maternal characteristics. Eighty-four pregnant women were recruited during their third trimester of pregnancy from various prenatal clinics across the state of Michigan. The participants completed an enrollment questionnaire including self-reported pre-pregnancy BMI; stool samples were collected to assess the fecal microbial community composition. Pre-pregnancy obesity (BMI 30+) was associated (univariably) with antibiotic use before pregnancy, ever smoked, lower education level, and being unmarried. The gut microbiota alpha diversity was significantly different for pregnant women by pre-pregnancy BMI category (normal, overweight, obese). The beta diversity was unique for the gut microbiotas of pregnant women within each BMI category, by education level, and by marital status. Multivariable models revealed that pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal education, marital status, and maternal age were associated with the microbial diversity of the gut microbiota during pregnancy. These results give new insight into the relationship between a woman's microbiome during pregnancy and their prenatal health, along with an understanding of the relationships between socioeconomic factors and microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita H. Nel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Eliot N. Haddad
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jean M. Kerver
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Andrea E. Cassidy-Bushrow
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Dolai A, Bhunia S, Jana SK, Bera S, Mandal S, Samanta S. Photoisomerization and Light-Controlled Antibacterial Activity of Fluoroquinolone-Azoisoxazole Hybrids. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300851. [PMID: 38409655 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Photopharmacology holds a huge untapped potential to locally treat diseases involving photoswitchable drugs via the elimination of drugs' off-target effects. The growth of this field has created a pressing demand to develop such light-active drugs. We explored the potential for creating photoswitchable antibiotic hybrids by attaching pharmacophores norfloxacin/ciprofloxacin and azoisoxazole (photoswitch). All compounds exhibited a moderate to a high degree of bidirectional photoisomerization, long thermal cis half-lives, and impressive photoresistance. Gram-negative pathogens were found to be insensitive to these hybrids, while against Gram-positive pathogens, all hybrids in their trans states exhibited antibacterial activity that is comparable to that of the parent drugs. Notably, the toxicity of the irradiated hybrid 6 was found to be 2-fold lower than the nonirradiated trans isomer, indicating that the pre-inactivated cis-enriched drug can be employed for the site-specific treatment of bacterial infection using light, which could potentially eliminate the unwanted exposure of toxic antibiotics to both beneficial and untargeted harmful microbes in our body. Molecular docking revealed different binding affinity of the cis and trans isomers with the topoisomerase IV enzyme, due to their different shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Dolai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Supriya Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Jana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35-Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Satyajit Bera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35-Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhas Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
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4
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Bhunia S, Jana SK, Sarkar S, Das A, Mandal S, Samanta S. Direct Growth Control of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Using Visible-Light-Responsive Novel Photoswitchable Antibiotics. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303685. [PMID: 38217466 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
In addition to the discovery of new (modified) potent antibiotics to combat antibiotic resistance, there is a critical need to develop novel strategies that would restrict their off-target effects and unnecessary exposure to bacteria in our body and environment. We report a set of new photoswitchable arylazopyrazole-modified norfloxacin antibiotics that present a high degree of bidirectional photoisomerization, impressive fatigue resistance and reasonably high cis half-lives. The irradiated isomers of most compounds were found to exhibit nearly equal or higher antibacterial activity than norfloxacin against Gram-positive bacteria. Notably, against norfloxacin-resistant S. aureus bacteria, the visible-light-responsive p-SMe-substituted derivative showed remarkably high antimicrobial potency (MIC of 0.25 μg/mL) in the irradiated state, while the potency was reduced by 24-fold in case of its non-irradiated state. The activity was estimated to be retained for more than 7 hours. This is the first report to demonstrate direct photochemical control of the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and to show the highest activity difference between irradiated and non-irradiated states of a photoswitchable antibiotic. Additionally, both isomers were found to be non-harmful to human cells. Molecular modellings were performed to identify the underlying reason behind the high-affinity binding of the irradiated isomer to topoisomerase IV enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Jana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35-Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumik Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Arpan Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35-Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhas Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
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Bhunia S, Das A, Jana SK, Mandal S, Samanta S. Photoswitchable Antibiotic Hybrids: Spacer Length-Dependent Photochemical Control of Antibacterial Activity. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:92-98. [PMID: 38111208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Photopharmacology holds huge potential for the permanent (long-term) eradication of antibiotic resistance by the application of photoswitchable antibiotics. To construct such antibiotics, various methods have been employed to modify known antibiotics with photoswitches, such that the irradiated state shows activity comparable to or higher than that of the parent antibiotic and that a large activity difference between irradiated and nonirradiated states is achieved. However, most of those methods are ineffective when dealing with more than one drug with dissimilar structures. Here, we have demonstrated a new approach, in which two pharmacophores, one being a photoswitch, are covalently linked via a spacer of variable lengths, leading to a set of azopyrazole-norfloxacin antibiotic hybrids. All compounds showed a high degree of bidirectional photoisomerization, long thermal cis half-lives, and excellent photoresistance. Notably, the hybrid with an optimal four-carbon spacer length enabled the irradiated state to become 12-fold more potent than its nonirradiated state without losing much antimicrobial activity of norfloxacin. Only Gram-positive bacteria were found to be sensitive to this hybrid, and the full antibacterial potency of its irradiated state was found to be retained for nearly 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Arpan Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Jana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35-Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35-Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhas Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
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Zhang H, Wang X, Song R, Ding W, Li F, Ji L. Emerging Metabolic Profiles of Sulfonamide Antibiotics by Cytochromes P450: A Computational-Experimental Synergy Study on Emerging Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:5368-5379. [PMID: 36921339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism, especially by CYP450 enzymes, is the main reason for mediating the toxification and detoxification of xenobiotics in humans, while some uncommon metabolic pathways, especially for emerging pollutants, probably causing idiosyncratic toxicity are easily overlooked. The pollution of sulfonamide antibiotics in aqueous system has attracted increasing public attention. Hydroxylation of the central amine group can trigger a series of metabolic processes of sulfonamide antibiotics in humans; however, this work parallelly reported the coupling and fragmenting initiated by amino H-abstraction of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) catalyzed by human CYP450 enzymes. Elucidation of the emerging metabolic profiles was mapped via a multistep synergy between computations and experiments, involving preliminary DFT computations and in vitro and in vivo assays, profiling adverse effects, and rationalizing the fundamental factors via targeted computations. Especially, the confirmed SMX dimer was shown to potentially act as a metabolism disruptor in humans, while spin aromatic delocalization resulting in the low electron donor ability of amino radicals was revealed as the fundamental factor to enable coupling of sulfonamide antibiotics by CYP450 through the nonconventional nonrebound pathway. This work may further strengthen the synergistic use of computations prior to experiments to avoid wasteful experimental screening efforts in environmental chemistry and toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanni Zhang
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Runqian Song
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Ding
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Li Ji
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- International Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)─International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
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Liang S, Wang L, Wu X, Hu X, Wang T, Jin F. The different trends in the burden of neurological and mental disorders following dietary transition in China, the USA, and the world: An extension analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Nutr 2023; 9:957688. [PMID: 36698474 PMCID: PMC9869872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.957688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The highly processed western diet is substituting the low-processed traditional diet in the last decades globally. Increasing research found that a diet with poor quality such as western diet disrupts gut microbiota and increases the susceptibility to various neurological and mental disorders, while a balanced diet regulates gut microbiota and prevents and alleviates the neurological and mental disorders. Yet, there is limited research on the association between the disease burden expanding of neurological and mental disorders with a dietary transition. Methods We compared the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) trend by age for neurological and mental disorders in China, in the United States of America (USA), and across the world from 1990 to 2019, evaluated the dietary transition in the past 60 years, and analyzed the association between the burden trend of the two disorders with the changes in diet composition and food production. Results We identified an age-related upward pattern in disease burden in China. Compared with the USA and the world, the Chinese neurological and mental disorders DALY percent was least in the generation over 75 but rapidly increased in younger generations and surpassed the USA and/or the world in the last decades. The age-related upward pattern in Chinese disease burdens had not only shown in the presence of cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and diabetes mellitus but also appeared in the presence of depressive disorders, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, schizophrenia, headache disorders, anxiety disorders, conduct disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and eating disorders, successively. Additionally, the upward trend was associated with the dramatic dietary transition including a reduction in dietary quality and food production sustainability, during which the younger generation is more affected than the older. Following the increase in total calorie intake, alcohol intake, ratios of animal to vegetal foods, and poultry meat to pulses, the burdens of the above diseases continuously rose. Then, following the rise of the ratios of meat to pulses, eggs to pulses, and pork to pulses, the usage of fertilizers, the farming density of pigs, and the burdens of the above disease except diabetes mellitus were also ever-increasing. Even the usage of pesticides was positively correlated with the burdens of Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, cardiovascular diseases, and neoplasms. Contrary to China, the corresponding burdens of the USA trended to reduce with the improvements in diet quality and food production sustainability. Discussion Our results suggest that improving diet quality and food production sustainability might be a promising way to stop the expanding burdens of neurological and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Shan Liang,
| | - Li Wang
- Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China,Feng Jin,
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Nuotio J, Niiranen T, Laitinen TT, Miller J, Sabin MA, Havulinna AS, Viikari JSA, Rönnemaa T, Hutri-Kähönen N, Laitinen TP, Tossavainen P, Salomaa V, Raitakari OT, Burgner DP, Juonala M. Use of antibiotics and risk of type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study and the national FINRISK study. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:284. [PMID: 36401251 PMCID: PMC9673285 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01197-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether exposure to systemic antibiotics influences the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity. METHODS The study sample comprised 2209 (110 with incident diabetes) participants from the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS) aged 24-39 years in 2001. The exposure was national linked register data on purchased antibiotic courses between 1993 and 2001. Clinical examinations including BMI were conducted in 2001, 2007 and 2011. Participants with prevalent diabetes in 2001 were excluded. Data on type 2 diabetes was also obtained from two national registers until 2017. Data from four population-based National FINRISK studies were used for replication (N = 24,674, 1866 with incident diabetes). RESULTS Prior antibiotic exposure (> 5 versus 0-1 antibiotic courses) was associated with subsequent type 2 diabetes in both YFS (OR 2.29; 95%CI 1.33-3.96) and FINRISK (HR 1.73; 95%CI 1.51-1.99). An increased risk for type 2 diabetes was observed in YFS (OR 1.043; 95%CI 1.013-1.074) and FINRISK (HR 1.022; 95%CI 1.016-1.029) per course. Exposure to antibiotics increased the risk of overweight/obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2) after a 10-year follow-up in YFS (OR 1.043; 95%CI 1.019-1.068) and in FINRISK (OR 1.023; 95%CI 1.018-1.029) at baseline per antibiotic course. Adjustments for confounders from early life in YFS and at baseline in FINRISK, including BMI, socioeconomic status, smoking, insulin, blood pressure, and physical activity, did not appreciably alter the findings. CONCLUSION Our results show that exposure to antibiotics was associated with increased risk for future type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity and support judicious antibiotic prescribing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Nuotio
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520, Turku, Finland.
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tomi T Laitinen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520, Turku, Finland
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Paavo Nurmi Centre, Sports and Exercise Medicine Unit, Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jessica Miller
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew A Sabin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma S A Viikari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomi P Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Päivi Tossavainen
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - David P Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Markus Juonala
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Sakurai K, Yamamoto M, Eguchi A, Takatani R, Watanabe M, Mori C. Association between maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and childhood obesity in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12956. [PMID: 35751177 PMCID: PMC9787574 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and childhood obesity is still unclear. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to evaluate the association between prenatal exposure to antibiotics and obesity at age 3 years using data from a large Japanese birth cohort. METHODS The Japan Environment and Children's Study is a nationwide birth cohort study. In this study, singleton vaginal full-term births were included. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥95th percentile according to child growth standards. Prenatal antibiotic exposure was defined as antimicrobial agent use during pregnancy and was collected from maternal interviews and medical record transcripts. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of prenatal antibiotic exposure with child obesity at 3 years. RESULTS In the crude and adjusted models with all children, maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy showed a marginal relationship with child obesity at 3 years. In the analyses according to exposure period and sex, exposure to antibiotics during the second/third trimester was significantly associated with obesity at the age of 3 years in female infants, but not in male infants, although the exposure during the first trimester was not in both sexes. CONCLUSION Maternal antibiotic exposure during mid/late pregnancy may result in child obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sakurai
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Midori Yamamoto
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Rieko Takatani
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Masahiro Watanabe
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Chisato Mori
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan,Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
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10
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Martel J, Chang SH, Ko YF, Hwang TL, Young JD, Ojcius DM. Gut barrier disruption and chronic disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:247-265. [PMID: 35151560 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier protects the host against gut microbes, food antigens, and toxins present in the gastrointestinal tract. However, gut barrier integrity can be affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including genetic predisposition, the Western diet, antibiotics, alcohol, circadian rhythm disruption, psychological stress, and aging. Chronic disruption of the gut barrier can lead to translocation of microbial components into the body, producing systemic, low-grade inflammation. While the association between gut barrier integrity and inflammation in intestinal diseases is well established, we review here recent studies indicating that the gut barrier and microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the development of metabolic, autoimmune, and aging-related disorders. Emerging interventions to improve gut barrier integrity and microbiota composition are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Chang
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan; Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - John D Young
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - David M Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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11
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Dysbiotic Gut Bacteria in Obesity: An Overview of the Metabolic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives of Next-Generation Probiotics. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020452. [PMID: 35208906 PMCID: PMC8877435 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a worldwide health concern with a constantly rising prevalence, is a multifactorial chronic disease associated with a wide range of physiological disruptions, including energy imbalance, central appetite and food reward dysregulation, and hormonal alterations and gut dysbiosis. The gut microbiome is a well-recognized factor in the pathophysiology of obesity, and its influence on host physiology has been extensively investigated over the last decade. This review highlights the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis can contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity. In particular, we discuss gut microbiota’s contribution to host energy homeostatic changes, low-grade inflammation, and regulation of fat deposition and bile acid metabolism via bacterial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, and bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharides, among others. Finally, therapeutic strategies based on next-generation probiotics aiming to re-shape the intestinal microbiota and reverse metabolic alterations associated with obesity are described.
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12
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Patangia DV, Anthony Ryan C, Dempsey E, Paul Ross R, Stanton C. Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1260. [PMID: 35212478 PMCID: PMC8756738 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that the gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and is perturbed by several factors including antibiotics. Antibiotic-induced changes in microbial composition can have a negative impact on host health including reduced microbial diversity, changes in functional attributes of the microbiota, formation, and selection of antibiotic-resistant strains making hosts more susceptible to infection with pathogens such as Clostridioides difficile. Antibiotic resistance is a global crisis and the increased use of antibiotics over time warrants investigation into its effects on microbiota and health. In this review, we discuss the adverse effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiota and thus host health, and suggest alternative approaches to antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhrati V. Patangia
- School of MicrobiologyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, MooreparkFermoy Co.CorkIreland
- APC MicrobiomeCorkIreland
| | | | - Eugene Dempsey
- School of MicrobiologyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Reynolds Paul Ross
- School of MicrobiologyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
- APC MicrobiomeCorkIreland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, MooreparkFermoy Co.CorkIreland
- APC MicrobiomeCorkIreland
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13
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Causative Mechanisms of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity Leading to Adult Cardiometabolic Disease: A Literature Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112311565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have shown a worrisome increase in the prevalence of obesity and its related illnesses. This increasing burden has a noteworthy impact on overall worldwide mortality and morbidity, with significant economic implications as well. The same trend is apparent regarding pediatric obesity. This is a particularly concerning aspect when considering the well-established link between cardiovascular disease and obesity, and the fact that childhood obesity frequently leads to adult obesity. Moreover, most obese adults have a history of excess weight starting in childhood. In addition, given the cumulative character of both time and severity of exposure to obesity as a risk factor for associated diseases, the repercussions of obesity prevalence and related morbidity could be exponential in time. The purpose of this review is to outline key aspects regarding the current knowledge on childhood and adolescent obesity as a cardiometabolic risk factor, as well as the most common etiological pathways involved in the development of weight excess and associated cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
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14
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Dey P, Chaudhuri SR, Efferth T, Pal S. The intestinal 3M (microbiota, metabolism, metabolome) zeitgeist - from fundamentals to future challenges. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:265-285. [PMID: 34610364 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of the intestine in human health and disease has historically been neglected and was mostly attributed to digestive and absorptive functions. In the past two decades, however, discoveries related to human nutrition and intestinal host-microbe reciprocal interaction have established the essential role of intestinal health in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases and the overall wellbeing. That transfer of gut microbiota could be a means of disease phenotype transfer has revolutionized our understanding of chronic disease pathogenesis. This narrative review highlights the major concepts related to intestinal microbiota, metabolism, and metabolome (3M) that have facilitated our fundamental understanding of the association between the intestine, and human health and disease. In line with increased interest of microbiota-dependent modulation of human health by dietary phytochemicals, we have also discussed the emerging concepts beyond the phytochemical bioactivities which emphasizes the integral role of microbial metabolites of parent phytochemicals at extraintestinal tissues. Finally, this review concludes with challenges and future prospects in defining the 3M interactions and has emphasized the fact that, it takes 'guts' to stay healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
| | - Saumya Ray Chaudhuri
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sirshendu Pal
- Mukherjee Hospital, Mitra's Clinic and Nursing Home, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
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15
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Martínez-Álvaro M, Zubiri-Gaitán A, Hernández P, Greenacre M, Ferrer A, Blasco A. Comprehensive functional core microbiome comparison in genetically obese and lean hosts under the same environment. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1246. [PMID: 34725460 PMCID: PMC8560826 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02784-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study provides an exhaustive comparison of the microbiome core functionalities (captured by 3,936 microbial gene abundances) between hosts with divergent genotypes for intramuscular lipid deposition. After 10 generations of divergent selection for intramuscular fat in rabbits and 4.14 phenotypic standard deviations (SD) of selection response, we applied a combination of compositional and multivariate statistical techniques to identify 122 cecum microbial genes with differential abundances between the lines (ranging from -0.75 to +0.73 SD). This work elucidates that microbial biosynthesis lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans, lipoproteins, mucin components, and NADH reductases, amongst others, are influenced by the host genetic determination for lipid accretion in muscle. We also differentiated between host-genetically influenced microbial mechanisms regulating lipid deposition in body or intramuscular reservoirs, with only 28 out of 122 MGs commonly contributing to both. Importantly, the results of this study are of relevant interest for the efficient development of strategies fighting obesity.
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16
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Payton KSE, Brunetti MA. Antibiotic Stewardship in Pediatrics. Adv Pediatr 2021; 68:37-53. [PMID: 34243858 DOI: 10.1016/j.yapd.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurlen S E Payton
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, NT Suite 4221, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| | - Marissa A Brunetti
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard Suite 8NE51, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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17
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Freitas LDAA, Radis-Baptista G. Pharmaceutical Pollution and Disposal of Expired, Unused, and Unwanted Medicines in the Brazilian Context. J Xenobiot 2021; 11:61-76. [PMID: 34069823 PMCID: PMC8162542 DOI: 10.3390/jox11020005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment is an everyday recognized concern worldwide, and drugs as environmental contaminants have been detected in water and soil systems, posing risks to humans and wildlife. The presence of drugs in wastewater, groundwater, and even drinking water occurs in several countries, including Brazil, where the pharmaceutical market is expanding over the years. The adverse, harmful effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment range from the spreading of antimicrobial resistance and species survival to the interference with reproduction and increased cancer incidence in humans. Therefore, it is demanding to count on proper legislation to prevent these pollutants from entering the distinct environment compartments. In some developed countries, laws, directives, programs, and initiatives regarding drug disposal reach a mature status. In Brazil, federal laws dealing with drug residues' management are recent, with flaws that might facilitate non-compliance with drug pollution issues. Besides, pharmacies and drugstores are not obligated to collect unneeded household medicines, while particular State laws aim to ordinate the disposal of drug residues regionally. In this review, we consider the current knowledge about pharmaceutical (drug) pollution, the recommendation and regulations on the disposal of useless medicines in some countries, and in the context of the expanding pharmaceutical market in Brazil. The awareness of emerging contaminants in the environment, besides the joint effort of authorities, consumers, and the general public nationwide, will be required to avoid pharmaceutical/drug pollution and achieve an eco-friendly environment and a sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia de Araújo Almeida Freitas
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60416-030, Brazil;
| | - Gandhi Radis-Baptista
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60416-030, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute for Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60165-081, Brazil
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18
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Treiber FM, Beranek-Knauer H. Antimicrobial Residues in Food from Animal Origin-A Review of the Literature Focusing on Products Collected in Stores and Markets Worldwide. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:534. [PMID: 34066335 PMCID: PMC8148204 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic residues in frequently consumed foods. Generally, the main use of antibiotics in animals is to treat and prevent diseases and growth promotion. However, the residues and their breakdown products have several side effects on the human body and, in a broader sense, on the environment. In relation to the human body, the frequency of mutations is increased, the bone marrow is damaged (chloramphenicol), and the reproductive organs of humans are affected. Carcinogenic effects have been found with antibiotics such as sulfamethazine, oxytetracycline, and furazolidone. We summarized data from 73 scientific studies reporting antimicrobial residues in animal products that were freely available for sale. The studies were published in English starting from 1999 till 2021 and identified through the Pubmed search engine. The aims were to find out which antibiotics, legal or illegal, could be found in animal foods worldwide. Which are stable to get into the food chain and exceed the maximum residue limits (MRL) regarding the EU guidelines as a comparison. Reducing antimicrobial residues in food from animal origin and, in addition to this, fighting the tremendous growth and spread of antimicrobial resistance will undoubtedly be one of the most difficult food safety challenges in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Michael Treiber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50/EG, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
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19
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The Association between Early-Life Gut Microbiota and Long-Term Health and Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030459. [PMID: 33504109 PMCID: PMC7865818 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life gut microbiota have been increasingly recognized as major contributors to short and/or long-term human health and diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human gut microbial colonization begins at birth, but continues to develop a succession of taxonomic abundances for two to three years until the gut microbiota reaches adult-like diversity and proportions. Several factors, including gestational age (GA), delivery mode, birth weight, feeding types, antibiotic exposure, maternal microbiome, and diet, influence the diversity, abundance, and function of early life gut microbiota. Gut microbial life is essential for assisting with the digestion of food substances to release nutrients, exerting control over pathogens, stimulating or modulating the immune system, and influencing many systems such as the liver, brain, and endocrine system. Microbial metabolites play multiple roles in these interactions. Furthermore, studies provide evidence supporting that imbalances of the gut microbiota in early life, referred to as dysbiosis, are associated with specific childhood or adult disease outcomes, such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, diabetes, allergic diseases, obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and neurological disorders. These findings support that the human gut microbiota may play a fundamental role in the risk of acquiring diseases that may be programmed during early life. In fact, it is critical to explore the role of the human gut microbiota in early life.
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20
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Kwon HJ, Mohammed AE, Eltom KH, Albrahim JS, Alburae NA. Evaluation of antibiotic-induced behavioral changes in mice. Physiol Behav 2020; 223:113015. [PMID: 32553641 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GM) plays a critical role in health maintenance. Previous reports connected GM with metabolic, immunologic and neurologic pathways. The main purpose of the current investigation was to study whether antibiotic-induced disturbances of GM affects psychological or behavioral conditions on mice as animal model. Mice were exposed to clindamycin or amoxicillin, and their behaviors were evaluated. Antibiotic-treated groups displayed reduced recognition memory and increased depression. No significant changes in the locomotor activity and anxiety were observed. Our data suggested that changes in GM composition by antibiotics may lead to the cognitive and behavioral deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Joo Kwon
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia; The University of Utah Asia Campus, Incheon, Korea
| | - Afrah E Mohammed
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kamal H Eltom
- Unit of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, Shambat Postal Code 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Jehan S Albrahim
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Ali Alburae
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Lim YY, Lee YS, Ooi DSQ. Engineering the Gut Microbiome for Treatment of Obesity: A Review of Current Understanding and Progress. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000013. [PMID: 32663372 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that is increasing in prevalence despite extensive research and efforts to curb it. Over the last decade, gut microbiome has emerged as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of obesity. Microbiome profile is altered in obese phenotype and the causative role of microbiome in obesity is demonstrated in fecal microbiota transplantation studies. Herein, recent evidences supporting the role of gut microbiome in obesity and the current therapies designed to engineer gut microbiome for treatment of obesity will be reviewed. The microbial enterotypes associated with obesity is outlined, and the gut microbiota-driven metabolism and low-grade inflammation linking gut microbiome and obesity is examined. How the different intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as host genetics, mode of childbirth delivery, diet, lifestyle habits and use of antibiotics influence the composition of the gut microbiome in the development of obesity is evaluated. Also, the efficacy of current microbiome-based therapies in the forms of prebiotics, probiotics and engineered microbes that are used to manipulate gut microbiome in treating obesity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Yijuan Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Delicia Shu Qin Ooi
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
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22
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Stacchiotti V, Rezzi S, Eggersdorfer M, Galli F. Metabolic and functional interplay between gut microbiota and fat-soluble vitamins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3211-3232. [PMID: 32715724 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1793728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem seen as an extension of human genome. It represents a major metabolic interface of interaction with food components and xenobiotics in the gastrointestinal (GI) environment. In this context, the advent of modern bacterial genome sequencing technology has enabled the identification of dietary nutrients as key determinants of gut microbial ecosystem able to modulate the host-microbiome symbiotic relationship and its effects on human health. This article provides a literature review on functional and molecular interactions between a specific group of lipids and essential nutrients, e.g., fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs), and the gut microbiota. A two-way relationship appears to emerge from the available literature with important effects on human metabolism, nutrition, GI physiology and immune function. First, FSV directly or indirectly modify the microbial composition involving for example immune system-mediated and/or metabolic mechanisms of bacterial growth or inhibition. Second, the gut microbiota influences at different levels the synthesis, metabolism and transport of FSV including their bioactive metabolites that are either introduced with the diet or released in the gut via entero-hepatic circulation. A better understanding of these interactions, and of their impact on intestinal and metabolic homeostasis, will be pivotal to design new and more efficient strategies of disease prevention and therapy, and personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Stacchiotti
- Micronutrient Vitamins and Lipidomics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Serge Rezzi
- Swiss Vitamin Institute, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Eggersdorfer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francesco Galli
- Micronutrient Vitamins and Lipidomics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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23
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Udaondo Z, Huertas MJ. Fighting the enemy: one health approach against microbial resistance. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:888-891. [PMID: 32483942 PMCID: PMC7264875 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This article highlights publications in Enviromental Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology papers about antibiotic resistance. It concludes that the One health approach is basic to addressing this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Udaondo
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR72205USA
| | - María José Huertas
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y FotosíntesisUniversidad de Sevilla‐CSICAmérico Vespucio 4941092SevillaSpain
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