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Berger G, Corris JD, Fields SE, Hao L, Scarpa LL, Bello NT. Systematic Review of Binge Eating Rodent Models for Developing Novel or Repurposing Existing Pharmacotherapies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050742. [PMID: 37238615 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in developing and screening candidate pharmacotherapies for psychiatric disorders have depended on rodent models. Eating disorders are a set of psychiatric disorders that have traditionally relied on behavioral therapies for effective long-term treatment. However, the clinical use of Lisdexamfatamine for binge eating disorder (BED) has furthered the notion of using pharmacotherapies for treating binge eating pathologies. While there are several binge eating rodent models, there is not a consensus on how to define pharmacological effectiveness within these models. Our purpose is to provide an overview of the potential pharmacotherapies or compounds tested in established rodent models of binge eating behavior. These findings will help provide guidance for determining pharmacological effectiveness for potential novel or repurposed pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Berger
- Endocrinology and Animal Biosciences Graduate Program, Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Joshua D Corris
- Endocrinology and Animal Biosciences Graduate Program, Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Spencer E Fields
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Lihong Hao
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Lori L Scarpa
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Endocrinology and Animal Biosciences Graduate Program, Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Rutgers Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University and Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Przegaliński E, Witek K, Wydra K, Kotlińska JH, Filip M. 5-HT2C Receptor Stimulation in Obesity Treatment: Orthosteric Agonists vs. Allosteric Modulators. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061449. [PMID: 36986191 PMCID: PMC10058696 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a substantial health and economic issue, and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter system involved in the regulation of body weight. The 5-HT2C receptors (5-HT2CRs), one of 16 of the 5-HT receptor (5-HTRs) subtypes, play a significant role in food intake and body weight control. In this review, we focused on the 5-HTR agonists, such as fenfluramines, sibutramine, and lorcaserin, which act directly or indirectly at 5-HT2CRs and have been introduced into the clinic as antiobesity medications. Due to their unwanted effects, they were withdrawn from the market. The 5-HT2CR positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) can be potentially safer active drugs than 5-HT2CR agonists. However, more in vivo validation of PAMs is required to fully determine if these drugs will be effective in obesity prevention and antiobesity pharmacology treatment. Methodology strategy: This review focuses on the role of 5-HT2CR agonism in obesity treatment, such as food intake regulation and weight gain. The literature was reviewed according to the review topic. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases and Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute open-access scientific journals using the following keyword search strategy depending on the chapter phrases: (1) “5-HT2C receptor” AND “food intake”, and (2) “5-HT2C receptor” AND “obesity” AND “respective agonists”, and (3) “5-HT2C receptor” AND “PAM”. We included preclinical studies (only present the weight loss effects) and double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials published since the 1975s (mostly related to antiobesity treatment), and excluded the pay-walled articles. After the search process, the authors selected, carefully screened, and reviewed appropriate papers. In total, 136 articles were included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Przegaliński
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kacper Witek
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
| | - Jolanta H. Kotlińska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki Street 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
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Heal DJ, Smith SL. Prospects for new drugs to treat binge-eating disorder: Insights from psychopathology and neuropharmacology. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:680-703. [PMID: 34318734 PMCID: PMC9150143 DOI: 10.1177/02698811211032475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a common psychiatric condition with adverse psychological and metabolic consequences. Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is the only approved BED drug treatment. New drugs to treat BED are urgently needed. METHODS A comprehensive review of published psychopathological, pharmacological and clinical findings. RESULTS The evidence supports the hypothesis that BED is an impulse control disorder with similarities to ADHD, including responsiveness to catecholaminergic drugs, for example LDX and dasotraline. The target product profile (TPP) of the ideal BED drug combines treating the psychopathological drivers of the disorder with an independent weight-loss effect. Drugs with proven efficacy in BED have a common pharmacology; they potentiate central noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission. Because of the overlap between pharmacotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and BED, drug-candidates from diverse pharmacological classes, which have already failed in ADHD would also be predicted to fail if tested in BED. The failure in BED trials of drugs with diverse pharmacological mechanisms indicates many possible avenues for drug discovery can probably be discounted. CONCLUSIONS (1) The efficacy of drugs for BED is dependent on reducing its core psychopathologies of impulsivity, compulsivity and perseveration and by increasing cognitive control of eating. (2) The analysis revealed a large number of pharmacological mechanisms are unlikely to be productive in the search for effective new BED drugs. (3) The most promising areas for new treatments for BED are drugs, which augment noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission and/or those which are effective in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Heal
- David J Heal, DevelRx Ltd, BioCity, Nottingham, NG1 1GF, UK.
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4
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Lisdexamfetamine and binge-eating disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the preclinical and clinical data with a focus on mechanism of drug action in treating the disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 53:49-78. [PMID: 34461386 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Binge-Eating Disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder in the United States. Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) was approved in 2015 by the FDA for treatment of BED and is the only drug approved for treating the disorder. There has been no systematic evaluation of the published clinical and preclinical evidence for efficacy of LDX in treating BED and the mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic action of the drug. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using PRISMA guidelines. Fourteen clinical and seven preclinical articles were included. There is consistent evidence from clinical studies that LDX is an effective treatment for BED and that the drug reduces the BED symptoms and body weight of patients with the disorder. There is also consistent evidence from preclinical studies that LDX reduces food intake but no consistent evidence for a preferential reduction of palatable food consumption by the drug in rodents. The evidence on mechanism of action is more limited and suggests LDX may reduce binge eating by a combination of effects on appetite/satiety, reward, and cognitive processes, including attention and impulsivity/inhibition, that are mediated by catecholamine and serotonin mechanisms in the brain. There is an urgent need for adequately powered, placebo-controlled, behavioural and neuroimaging studies with LDX (recruiting patients and/or individuals with subclinical BED symptoms) to further investigate the mechanism of action of the drug in treating BED. An improved understanding of the behavioural and neurochemical mechanisms of action of LDX could lead to the development of improved drug therapies to treat BED.
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Schrader TO, Zhu X, Kasem M, Ren A, Liu C, Wu C, Dang H, Le M, Gatlin J, Chase K, Frazer J, Whelan KT, Grottick AJ, Hutton C, Barden J, Chen C, Ortiz A, Feichtinger K, Semple G. Novel (R)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-5H-pyrazino[1,2-a][1,n]naphthyridines as potent and selective agonists of the 5-HT 2C receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 38:127872. [PMID: 33636307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel (R)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-5H-pyrazino[1,2-a][1,n]naphthyridines were identified as potent and selective agonists of the 5-HT2C receptor. Optimizations performed on a previously reported series of racemic tetrahydroquinoline-based tricyclic amines, delivered an advanced drug lead, (R)-4-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-5H-pyrazino[1,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine, which displayed excellent in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas O Schrader
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Xiuwen Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Michelle Kasem
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Albert Ren
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Chunyan Liu
- WuXi AppTec (Wuhan) Co Ltd., 666 Gaoxin Road, East Lake High-tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Chunrui Wu
- WuXi AppTec (Wuhan) Co Ltd., 666 Gaoxin Road, East Lake High-tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Huong Dang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Minh Le
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Joel Gatlin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Kelli Chase
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - John Frazer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Kevin T Whelan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Andrew J Grottick
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Clayton Hutton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jeremy Barden
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Chuan Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Alvaro Ortiz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Konrad Feichtinger
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Graeme Semple
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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Venkannagari H, Kasper JM, Misra A, Rush SA, Fan S, Lee H, Sun H, Seshadrinathan S, Machius M, Hommel JD, Rudenko G. Highly Conserved Molecular Features in IgLONs Contrast Their Distinct Structural and Biological Outcomes. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:5287-5303. [PMID: 32710982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) and neurotrimin (NTM) are abundant cell-surface proteins found in the brain and form part of the IgLON (Immunoglobulin LSAMP, OBCAM, Neurotrimin) family. In humans, NEGR1 is implicated in obesity and mental disorders, while NTM is linked to intelligence and cognitive function. IgLONs dimerize homophilically and heterophilically, and they are thought to shape synaptic connections and neural circuits by acting in trans (spanning cellular junctions) and/or in cis (at the same side of a junction). Here, we reveal homodimeric structures of NEGR1 and NTM. They assemble into V-shaped complexes via their Ig1 domains, and disruption of the Ig1-Ig1 interface abolishes dimerization in solution. A hydrophobic ridge from one Ig1 domain inserts into a hydrophobic pocket from the opposing Ig1 domain producing an interaction interface that is highly conserved among IgLONs but remarkably plastic structurally. Given the high degree of sequence conservation at the interaction interface, we tested whether different IgLONs could elicit the same biological effect in vivo. In a small-scale study administering different soluble IgLONs directly into the brain and monitoring feeding, only NEGR1 altered food intake significantly. Taking NEGR1 as a prototype, our studies thus indicate that while IgLONs share a conserved mode of interaction and are able to bind each other as homomers and heteromers, they are structurally plastic and can exert unique biological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikanth Venkannagari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - James M Kasper
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Anurag Misra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Scott A Rush
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shanghua Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hubert Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Suchithra Seshadrinathan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mischa Machius
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jonathan D Hommel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Gabby Rudenko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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Suppression of cocaine relapse-like behaviors upon pimavanserin and lorcaserin co-administration. Neuropharmacology 2020; 168:108009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Higgins GA, Fletcher PJ, Shanahan WR. Lorcaserin: A review of its preclinical and clinical pharmacology and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 205:107417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Appolinario JC, Nardi AE, McElroy SL. Investigational drugs for the treatment of binge eating disorder (BED): an update. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:1081-1094. [PMID: 31714807 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1692813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder and is frequently associated with psychiatric and medical comorbidities and functional impairment. Although psychological treatments have been the cornerstones of BED treatment, pharmacologic interventions also play an important part of the multimodal management of this condition.Areas covered: This review examines investigational, approved and other pharmacological agents for the treatment of BED. We searched PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov to identify pharmacological interventions for the management of this condition.Expert opinion: BED pharmacological studies have incorporated new drug targets based on our enhanced understanding of the pathophysiology of BED. Neurobiological dysregulation in the reward center and impulse control circuitry and related disturbances in dopamine neurotransmission are among the neurobiological explanations that have been suggested for BED. These mechanisms serve as a pharmacodynamic foundation for the development of new compounds such as lisdexamfetamine (LDX) and dasotraline. Despite these advances, pharmacological trials in BED have numerous challenges that must be overcome. For most compounds studied, larger and more definitive trials is a high priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio E Nardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Susan L McElroy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, USA and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Anastasio NC, Stutz SJ, Price AE, Davis-Reyes BD, Sholler DJ, Ferguson SM, Neumaier JF, Moeller FG, Hommel JD, Cunningham KA. Convergent neural connectivity in motor impulsivity and high-fat food binge-like eating in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1752-1761. [PMID: 31003231 PMCID: PMC6785029 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Food intake is essential for survival, but maladaptive patterns of intake, possibly encoded by a preexisting vulnerability coupled with the influence of environmental variables, can modify the reward value of food. Impulsivity, a predisposition toward rapid unplanned reactions to stimuli, is one of the multifaceted determinants underlying the etiology of dysregulated eating and its evolving pathogenesis. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a major neural director of reward-driven behavior and impulsivity. Compromised signaling between the mPFC and nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) is thought to underlie the cognitive inability to withhold prepotent responses (motor impulsivity) and binge intake of high-fat food (HFF) seen in binge eating disorder. To explore the relationship between motor impulsivity and binge-like eating in rodents, we identified high (HI) and low impulsive (LI) rats in the 1-choice serial reaction time task and employed a rat model of binge-like eating behavior. HFF binge rats consumed significantly greater calories relative to control rats maintained on continual access to standard food or HFF. HI rats repeatedly exhibited significantly higher bingeing on HFF vs. LI rats. Next, we employed dual viral vector chemogenetic technology which allows for the targeted and isolated modulation of ventral mPFC (vmPFC) neurons that project to the NAcSh. Chemogenetic activation of the vmPFC to NAcSh pathway significantly suppressed motor impulsivity and binge-like intake for high-fat food. Thus, inherent motor impulsivity and binge-like eating are linked and the vmPFC to NAcSh pathway serves as a 'brake' over both behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle C. Anastasio
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Sonja J. Stutz
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Amanda E. Price
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Brionna D. Davis-Reyes
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Dennis J. Sholler
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Susan M. Ferguson
- 0000 0000 9026 4165grid.240741.4Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA USA ,0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - John F. Neumaier
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - F. Gerard Moeller
- 0000 0004 0458 8737grid.224260.0Department of Psychiatry and Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Jonathan D. Hommel
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Kathryn A. Cunningham
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
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